数字图像处理在核电厂安全壳外观检查中的应用

确定了核电厂安全壳不可达区域远程遥测技术方案;为减少裂缝测宽的误差,研究了基于Image J平台的数字化处理对裂缝宽度进行定量分析的方法,论证并确定多因素影响下裂缝宽度的多参数行为,并用标准裂缝对比尺验证此方法的可行性,最终应用于核电现场工程项目。数据结果表明:该数字图像处理方法可大幅度减小当前国内远程遥测技术裂缝测宽的误差。

A roadmap for security challenges in the Internet of Things

Unquestionably, communicating entities （object, or things） in the Internet of Things （IoT） context are playing an active role in human activities, systems and processes. The high connectivity of intelligent objects and their severe constraints lead to many security challenges, which are not included in the classical formulation of security problems and solutions. The Security Shield for IoT has been identified by DARPA （Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency） as one of the four projects with a potential impact broader than the Internet itself. To help interested researchers contribute to this research area, an overview of the loT security roadmap overview is presented in this paper based on a novel cognitive and systemic approach. The role of each component of the approach is explained, we also study its interactions with the other main components, and their impact on the overall. A case study is presented to highlight the components and interactions of the systemic and cognitive approach. Then, security questions about privacy, trust, identification, and access control are discussed. According to the novel taxonomy of the loT framework, different research challenges are highlighted, important solutions and research activities are revealed, and interesting research directions are proposed. In addition, current stan dardization activities are surveyed and discussed to the ensure the security of loT components and applications.

Growth of Circulating Tumor Cell-Derived Colonies from Peripheral Blood of Melanoma Patients: Preliminary Characterization of Colony Composition

Circulating tumor cells (CTC) are rarely detected in the blood of cancer patients, even though they are a direct harbinger of eventual patient demise. We developed an innovative CTC culture technology to allow more sensitive isolation, expansion, and characterization of viable colonies from patient blood. In this assay, the entire leukocyte fraction from 10 ml of anticoagulated patient blood is placed into culture medium without any pre-selection. After 16 days in culture, CTC derived colonies are counted. As a proof-of-principle, blood samples from 58 Stage IIa-IV melanoma patients were tested. Ninety percent of these samples grew colonies. The colony numbers ranged from 0 - 308 (mean 63 ± 9.5 SEM). Ten normal volunteers had virtually no growth (mean 0.5 ± 1.4 colonies). Colonies were harvested using a micropipette for characterization. Tumor-cell containing spheroids were embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained with melanoma-specific mAb for histologic characterization. MITF proved to be the most consistent immunostain that identified melanoma cells in these colonies. A host-cell component in colonies was also identified using CD68 and CD43 mAb staining. Following enzymatic dissociation of colonies, a variety of immunostains were tested. Papanicolau staining proved most useful for identifying the abnormal nuclei of tumor cells. Flow cytometry could readily distinguish host and tumor cell populations based on DNA content and forward/side scatter in dissociated colonies. The stem cell marker ALDH1A1 associated with the aneuploid population, but CD45 was expressed on both diploid and aneuploid cells. The ability to repeatedly isolate CTC derived colonies from cancer patient blood samples opens the door to a novel type of long-term clinical monitoring. This novel CTC culture technology may prove useful to perform molecular characterization, assessment of treatment response, and testing of drug sensitivity and resistance in patients during treatment.

Circulating Tumor Cell Cultures as a Predictive Marker during Salvage Therapy of Refractory Merkel Cell Carcinoma with Chemotherapy and Electron Beam Radiation

Metastatic Merkel Cell carcinoma (MCC) is a highly unusual and aggressive skin cancer that presents as a small, pink to violet skin lesion and metastasizes early in its growth. Metastatic MCC is generally treated with small cell lung cancer chemotherapy regimens, because the tumor consists of neuroendocrine cells, but patients generally do not have durable responses. The pathogenesis of MCC has recently been attributed to the Merkel Cell polyoma virus. This virus activates the cellular retinoblastoma oncoprotein and cell cycle machinery, triggering continual cellular proliferation. A 77-year-old man developed extensive MCC metastases, involving more than one fourth of his scalp and numerous cervical lymph nodes. Following failure of initial chemotherapy and radiation, effective palliation was achieved by using a sequence of electron-beam radiotherapy, low dose gemcitabine, and etoposide, resulting in significant periods of tumor regression and prolonged survival. A novel circulating tumor cell (CTC) culture assay was performed on four separate clinic visits during the treatment period. Tumor colonies were cultured from the patient’s peripheral blood and CTC colony counts were correlated with clinical treatment response. Not only did the patient respond to palliative cell cycle directed chemotherapy and electron beam radiation, but we demonstrated that CTC can be cultured from peripheral blood of MCC patients and serve as a predictive marker to monitor treatment response.

“北上广”之“限”:伤在自主品牌 利在高档品牌

继上海、北京之后，广州市也以“闪电战”的方式推出了汽车限购政策。这个政策的出台，对汽车行业的负面影响是可想而知的，尽管短期内可能会带来一波抢购热潮。措施出台后的第二天仅广汽集团和上汽集团两家上市公司市值缩水就近160亿元人民币。然而，在对汽车行业造成巨大的负面冲击后，这样一种简单的限牌之举，是否能解决大城市的拥堵问题呢？

Effect of Lead-Rubber Bearing Isolators in Reducing Seismic Damage for a High-Rise Building in Comparison with Normal Shear Wall System

Seismic earthquakes are a real danger for the construction evolution of high rise buildings.The rate of earthquakes around the world is noteworthy in a wide range of construction areas.In this study,we present the dynamic behavior of a high-rise RC building with dynamic isolators(lead-rubber-bearing),in comparison with a traditional shear wall system of the same building.Seismic isolation has been introduced in building construction to increase the structural stability and to protect the non-structural components against the damaging effects of an earthquake.In order to clarify the influence of incorporating lead rubber bearing isolators in the seismic response and in reducing seismic damages;a comparative study is performed between a fixed base system(shear wall system)and an isolated base system(Lead Rubber Bearing)on an irregular high rise reinforced concrete(RC)building located in Beirut consisting of 48 storeys almost asymmetric orthogonally.For this purpose,a non-linear analysis of a real earthquake acceleration record(EI Centro seismic signal)is conducted,so that the mode shapes,the damping ratio and the natural frequencies of the two models are obtained using ETABS software.The results prove a substantial elongation of the building period,as well as a reduction in the building displacement,the roof acceleration,the inter-storey drift ratio and the base shear force of isolated building relative to fixed-base building.This study proves that this technology is applicable to high rise buildings with acceptable results.

Case Report: Pazopanib Treatment Response in a Patient with Metastatic Pleomorphic Dermal Sarcoma (Atypical Fibroxanthoma) with Circulating Tumor Cell-Derived Colonies as a Predictive Marker

Atypical fibroxanthomas (AFX) are rare skin tumors. These generally are superficial tumors, usually <3 cm red, fleshy, ulcerated skin lesions, that characteristically occur on sun-damaged skin, sometimes in immunocompromised or previously irradiated patients. These are part of a spectrum of more aggressive fibro-histiocytic neoplasms. In the older literature, these have been termed aggressive or metastatic AFX, but currently these have been reclassified as pleomorphic dermal sarcomas (PDS) and systemic undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS, formerly malignant fibrohistiocytic sarcoma, MFH). We present the case of a 64-year old woman who developed a deeply invasive PDS on the vertex of her scalp invading to the galea, with in-transit scalp metastases. Very little information is available about optimal treatment of metastatic PDS lesions. The patient was initially treated with 2 cycles of epirubicin/ifosfamide chemotherapy, resulting in life-threatening complications. A pretreatment peripheral blood sample was sent for CTC-derived colony assay. This sample grew 8 colonies from 10 ml blood. The tumor failed to respond to epirubicin and ifosfamide, and after several months of hospitalization, a second peripheral blood CTC-derived colony assay grew >376 colonies. The patient could not tolerate additional chemotherapy. She was therefore treated with the oral targeted agent pazopanib. The patient developed a dramatic biopsy-confirmed complete response. After 11 months of pazopanib treatment, a repeat CTC-derived culture sample grew only 8 colonies/10 ml blood. The complete response to pazopanib is still ongoing at over 41 months. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of clinical complete response of a PDS tumor following targeted therapy. An additional novel feature was the demonstration that CTC-derived colonies could be grown from the blood of a PDS patient. The number of colonies appeared to correlate with the clinical treatment response and seemed to function as a potential prognostic marker.

Physical, Water Diffusion and Micro-Structural Analysis of “Canarium Schweinfurthii Engl”

The purpose of this study is to determine the morphological, microstructural characteristics and water diffusion parameters of the Canarium schweinfurthii (CS) shellnut. This work is part of a vast project to valorize the above-mentioned cores for possible industrial use as charges in composites or abrasives materials. The study was based on the characterization of intrinsic physical characteristics of the coreshells scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations desorption, adsorption and absorption kinetics. The water diffusion phenomenon was modeled and it appears that the Page model well predicted the kinetic of drying, absorption and adsorption. The effective diffusion coefficient and the energy of activation were calculated at three isothermal temperatures (50°C, 70°C and 90°C). There was a tendency for hysteresis in the sorption-desorption cycles. These results strongly predicted the possibility of using these products as a filler in composites, clay building materials and cement because of their high water diffusion stability on a macroscopic scale.

Multi-Agent Architecture for the Design of WSN Applications

Complex and distributed systems are more and more associated with the application of WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) technology. The design of such applications presents important challenges and requires the assistance of several methodologies and tools. Multi-Agent systems (MAS) have been identified as one of the most suitable technologies to contribute to this domain due to their appropriateness for modeling distributed and autonomous complex systems. This work aims to contribute in the help of the design of WSN applications. The proposed architecture exploits the advantages of MAS for modeling WSN services, network topologies and sensor device architectures.

换个角度看新能源汽车的发展方向

新能源汽车已经热了几年了，关于方向的问题也争论了好几年。最近各部委对新能源汽车的方向问题忽然又暧昧起来，不仅新能源汽车的“十二五”规划迟迟不见出台，已经承诺的电动车补贴也成了“只闻楼梯响，不见人下来”。试点推广的一些电动汽车，由于长期需要厂家垫付国家补贴部分，终因不堪重负而终止了销售。

Spectral Gap and Convergence Rate for Discrete-time Markov Chains

Abstract Let P be a transition matrix which is symmetric with respect to a measure π. The spectral gap of P in L2（π）-space, denoted by gap（P）, is defined as the distance between 1 and the rest of the spectrum of P. In this paper, we study the relationship between gap（P） and the convergence rate of P^n. When P is transient, the convergence rate of pn is equal to 1 - gap（P）. When P is ergodic, we give the explicit upper and lower bounds for the convergence rate of pn in terms of gap（P）. These results are extended to L^∞ （π）-space.

Erds-Ko-Rado theorems in certain semilattices

Suda （2012） extended the ErdSs-Ko-Rado theorem to designs in strongly regularized semilattices. In this paper we generalize Suda＇s results in regularized semilattices and partition regularized semilattices, give many examples for these semilattices and obtain their intersection theorems.

Spectral Gap for Open Jackson Networks

We generalize the decomposition method of the finite Markov chains for Poincare inequality in Jerrum et al.（Ann.Appl.Probab.,14,1741-1765（2004）） to the reversible continuous-time Markov chains.And inductively,we give the lower bound of spectral gap for the ergodic open Jackson network by the decomposition method and the symmetrization procedure.The upper bound of the spectral gap is also presented.

L^P-Poincaré Inequality for General Symmetric Forms

Lp Poincare inequalities for general symmetric forms are established by new Cheeger＇s isoperimetric constants. Lp super-Poincare inequalities are introduced to describe the equivalent conditions for the Lp compact embedding, and the criteria via the new Cheeger＇s constants for those inequalities are presented. Finally, the concentration or the volume growth of measures for these inequalities are studied.

The Spectral Gap for Quasi-birth and Death Processes

For a reversible quasi-birth and death process, we generalize and refine the decomposition method, by constructing a birth-death process and a sequence of restriction processes. The spectral gap for the quasi-birth and death process is estimated in terms of the spectral gaps for these processes, and in some special cases, the estimation is sharp. With the aid of the symmetrization procedure, the result is also applied to two queueing models： M/M/1 in random environment and MIMIc with synchronous vacation.

A Well-Balanced FVC Scheme for 2D Shallow Water Flows on Unstructured Triangular Meshes

This paper aims to present a new well-balanced,accurate and fast finite volume scheme on unstructured grids to solve hyperbolic conservation laws.It is a scheme that combines both finite volume approach and characteristic method.In this study,we consider a shallow water system with Coriolis effect and bottom friction stresses where this new Finite Volume Characteristics(FVC)scheme has been applied.The physical and mathematical properties of the system,including the C-property,have been well preserved.First,we developed this approach by preserving the advantages of the finite volume discretization such as conservation property and the method of characteristics,in order to avoid Riemann solvers and to enhance the accuracy without any complexity of the MUSCL reconstruction.Afterward,a discretization was applied to the bottom source term that leads to a well-balanced scheme satisfying the steady-state condition of still water.A semi-implicit treatment will also be presented in this study to avoid stability problems due to source terms.Finally,the proposed finite volume method is verified on several benchmark tests and shows good agreement with analytical solutions and experimental results;moreover,it gives a noteworthy accuracy and rapidity improvement compared to the original approaches.

华于形 更要精于中 北京车展有感

从这几年的车展来看，自主品牌的车型在造型外观上已经有了大幅度的提高，自主发动机和自动变速器也逐渐从实验室走向了生产线，那么我们的差距在哪里？

天下没有免费的午餐

外资在中国通过各种手段铲除本土竞争对手，从而追求市场垄断地位的案例比比皆是。而这一幕，正在汽车业上演。