Rationally designing electrolyte additives for highly improving cyclability of LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)/Graphite cells

High voltage is necessary for high energy lithium-ion batteries but difficult to achieve because of the highly deteriorated cyclability of the batteries.A novel strategy is developed to extend cyclability of a high voltage lithium-ion battery,LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(1.5)O_(4)/Graphite(LNMO/Graphite)cell,which emphasizes a rational design of an electrolyte additive that can effectively construct protective interphases on anode and cathode and highly eliminate the effect of hydrogen fluoride(HF).5-Trifluoromethylpyridine-trime thyl lithium borate(LTFMP-TMB),is synthesized,featuring with multi-functionalities.Its anion TFMPTMB-tends to be enriched on cathode and can be preferentially oxidized yielding TMB and radical TFMP-.Both TMB and radical TFMP can combine HF and thus eliminate the detrimental effect of HF on cathode,while the TMB dragged on cathode thus takes a preferential oxidation and constructs a protective cathode interphase.On the other hand,LTFMP-TMB is preferentially reduced on anode and constructs a protective anode interphase.Consequently,a small amount of LTFMP-TMB(0.2%)in 1.0 M LiPF6in EC/DEC/EMC(3/2/5,wt%)results in a highly improved cyclability of LNMO/Graphite cell,with the capacity retention enhanced from 52%to 80%after 150 cycles at 0.5 C between 3.5 and 4.8 V.The as-developed strategy provides a model of designing electrolyte additives for improving cyclability of high voltage batteries.

Digital twin driven and intelligence enabled content delivery in end-edge-cloud collaborative 5G networks

The rapid development of 5G/6G and AI enables an environment of Internet of Everything(IoE)which can support millions of connected mobile devices and applications to operate smoothly at high speed and low delay.However,these massive devices will lead to explosive traffic growth,which in turn cause great burden for the data transmission and content delivery.This challenge can be eased by sinking some critical content from cloud to edge.In this case,how to determine the critical content,where to sink and how to access the content correctly and efficiently become new challenges.This work focuses on establishing a highly efficient content delivery framework in the IoE environment.In particular,the IoE environment is re-constructed as an end-edge-cloud collaborative system,in which the concept of digital twin is applied to promote the collaboration.Based on the digital asset obtained by digital twin from end users,a content popularity prediction scheme is firstly proposed to decide the critical content by using the Temporal Pattern Attention(TPA)enabled Long Short-Term Memory(LSTM)model.Then,the prediction results are input for the proposed caching scheme to decide where to sink the critical content by using the Reinforce Learning(RL)technology.Finally,a collaborative routing scheme is proposed to determine the way to access the content with the objective of minimizing overhead.The experimental results indicate that the proposed schemes outperform the state-of-the-art benchmarks in terms of the caching hit rate,the average throughput,the successful content delivery rate and the average routing overhead.

Multi-Elemental Analysis and 2D Image Mapping within Roots, Leaves and Seeds from O. glaberrima Rice Plants Using Micro-PIXE Technique

Understanding metal accumulation at organ level in roots, leaves and seeds in O. glaberrima (OG) is crucial for improving physiological and metabolic aspects in growing Asian and African rice in salted areas. The micro-analytical imaging techniques are required to reveal its accumulation and distribution within plant tissues. PIXE studies have been performed to determine different elements in rice plants. The existing microbeam analytical technique at the iThemba LABS will be applied for the 2D image mapping of fresh rice tissues to perform a concentration of low atomic mass elements (such as Al, Si, P, S, Cl, Ca, Ti, Mn, Fe, Cu, Br, Zn and K) with detection limits of typically 1-10 μg/g. Comparison of the distribution of the elements between leaves, root and seed samples using uptake and distribution of elements in particular environmental conditions with potential amount of salt in water have been performed. We are also expecting to indicate metal exclusion as salt tolerance strategies from leaves, root, and seed compartments using matrix correlation between samples and between elements on rice species.

Subsoil tillage enhances wheat productivity,soil organic carbon and available nutrient status in dryland fields

Tillage practices during the fallow period benefit water storage and yield in dryland wheat crops.However,there is currently no clarity on the responses of soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),and available nutrients to tillage practices within the growing season.This study evaluated the effects of three tillage practices(NT,no tillage;SS,subsoil tillage;DT,deep tillage)over five years on soil physicochemical properties.Soil samples at harvest stage from the fifth year were analyzed to determine the soil aggregate and aggregate-associated C and N fractions.The results indicated that SS and DT improved grain yield,straw biomass and straw carbon return of wheat compared with NT.In contrast to DT and NT,SS favored SOC and TN concentrations and stocks by increasing the soil organic carbon sequestration rate(SOCSR)and soil nitrogen sequestration rate(TNSR)in the 0-40 cm layer.Higher SOC levels under SS and NT were associated with greater aggregate-associated C fractions,while TN was positively associated with soluble organic nitrogen(SON).Compared with DT,the NT and SS treatments improved soil available nutrients in the 0-20 cm layer.These findings suggest that SS is an excellent practice for increasing soil carbon,nitrogen and nutrient availability in dryland wheat fields in North China.

Dose-response effect of pre-exercise carbohydrates under muscle glycogen unavailability:Insights from McArdle disease

Background:This study aimed to determine the effect of different carbohydrate(CHO)doses on exercise capacity in patients with McArdle disease—the paradigm of“exercise intolerance”,characterized by complete muscle glycogen unavailability—and to determine whether higher exogenous glucose levels affect metabolic responses at the McArdle muscle cell(in vitro)level.Methods:Patients with McArdle disease(n=8)and healthy controls(n=9)underwent a 12-min submaximal cycling constant-load bout followed by a maximal ramp test 15 min after ingesting a non-caloric placebo.In a randomized,double-blinded,cross-over design,patients repeated the tests after consuming either 75 g or 150 g of CHO(glucose:fructose=2:1).Cardiorespiratory,biochemical,perceptual,and electromyographic(EMG)variables were assessed.Additionally,glucose uptake and lactate appearance were studied in vitro in wild-type and McArdle mouse myotubes cultured with increasing glucose concentrations(0.35,1.00,4.50,and 10.00 g/L).Results:Compared with controls,patients showed the“classical”second-wind phenomenon(after prior disproportionate tachycardia,myalgia,and excess electromyographic activity during submaximal exercise,all p<0.05)and an impaired endurance exercise capacity(-51%ventilatory threshold and55%peak power output,both p<0.001).Regardless of the CHO dose(p<0.05 for both doses compared with the placebo),CHO intake increased blood glucose and lactate levels,decreased fat oxidation rates,and attenuated the second wind in the patients.However,only the higher dose increased ventilatory threshold(+27%,p=0.010)and peak power output(+18%,p=0.007).In vitro analyses revealed no differences in lactate levels across glucose concentrations in wild-type myotubes,whereas a doseresponse effect was observed in McArdle myotubes.Conclusion:CHO intake exerts beneficial effects on exercise capacity in McArdle disease,a condition associated with total muscle glycogen unavailability.Some of these benefits are dose dependent.

改进DeepLabv3+模型无人机图像农田信息提取

自乡村振兴战略实施以来,无人机作为一种高科技工具为我国智慧农业生产发挥着重要作用。但存在信息提取的精准度不高的问题,特别是对农田边缘和小农田的信息提取精度不高。针对该问题,提出一种以GhostNet为骨干网络的改进DeepLabv3+模型的研究方法。该方法将从骨干网络中提取的特征通过特征金字塔网络(FPN)加强特征提取;将编码器中空洞空间金字塔池化模块(ASPP)的1×1卷积替换成空间感知独立自注意层并将ASPP模块中的扩张率进行一定调整,以提高农田边缘的提取精度;为进一步融合多尺度信息将解码器进行上述同样操作;在不降低模型性能的前提下,将特征堆叠(Concatenate)用特征融合(Add)进行替换,以减少模型的训练参数。实验结果表明,改进DeepLabv3+模型平均交并比(mIoU)可达94.57%,平均像素精度(mPA)可达97.16%,相比于DeepLabv3+模型分别提高了4.53%和2.93个百分点,有效提高了农田边缘和小农田的信息提取精度。

Optical Label-Based Cost-Effective DWDM Optical Network Performance Monitoring Using Low-Bandwidth PD with Novel SRS Mitigation DSP

Large-scale dense wavelength division multiplexing(DWDM)multi-channel performance monitoring is one of the indispensable technologies for the flexible optical networks.The existing Labelbased monitoring scheme requires expensive optical demultiplexing components/equipment to avoid the influence of stimulated Raman scattering(SRS),which is not only costly and bulky,but also could not monitor the wavelength channels simultaneously.In this paper,a low-cost,high-accuracy monitoring scheme based on Optical Label Method is proposed for DWDM networks,where the optical channel power and node identification(ID),as the main monitoring targets that both can indicate or evaluate the channel connection status,could be efficiently monitored.In the scheme,a novel digital signal processing(DSP)method of SRS mitigation is proposed and demonstrated,and an asynchronous code-division multiple access(A-CDMA)based digital label encoding and decoding method is adopted to distinguish the node ID so that channel initial added node can be accurately verified,thereby wavelength connection status can be reliably monitored by combining the channel power and node ID information.The simulation results show that each wavelength channel power and node ID can be accurately monitored only by low bandwidth photoelectric detector(PD)under the condition of 80 wavelengths and 10 spans at C-band.

4D label-free proteomic analysis of vitreous from patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

AIM:To identify metabolites,proteins,and related pathways involved in the etiology of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD)for use as biomarkers in diagnosing and treating RRD.METHODS:Vitreous specimens were collected and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis was per formed using the four-dimensional label-free technique.Statistically significant differentially expressed proteins,gene ontology(GO)terms,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway representations,and protein interactions were analyzed.RESULTS:Nine specimens were subjected to proteomic analysis.In total,161 proteins were identified as differentially expressed proteins(DEPs),including 53 upregulated proteins and 108 downregulated proteins.GO functional analysis revealed that some DEPs were enriched in neuron-related terms and membrane protein terms.Moreover,KEGG analysis indicated that the cell adhesion molecule metabolic pathway was associated with the greatest number of DEPs.Finally,the evaluation of protein-protein interaction network revealed that DEPs were clustered in neuronal adhesion,apoptosis,inflammation and immune responses,correct protein folding,and glycolysis.CONCLUSION:Proteomic profiling is useful for the exploration of molecular mechanisms that underlie RRD.This study reveals increased expression levels of proteins related to heat shock protein content,glycolysis,and inflammatory responses in RRD.Knowledge regarding biomarkers of RRD pathogenesis may help to prevent the occurrence of RRD in the future.

Solvent engineering towards scalable fabrication of high-quality perovskite films for efficient solar modules

Over the last decade,remarkable progress has been made in metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs),which have been a focus of emerging photovoltaic techniques and show great potential for commercialization.However,the upscaling of small-area PSCs to large-area solar modules to meet the demands of practical applications remains a significant challenge.The scalable production of high-quality perovskite films by a simple,reproducible process is crucial for resolving this issue.Furthermore,the crystallization behavior in the solution-processed fabrication of perovskite films can be strongly influenced by the physicochemical properties of the precursor inks,which are significantly affected by the employed solvents and their interactions with the solutes.Thus,a comprehensive understanding of solvent engineering for fabricating perovskite films over large areas is urgently required.In this paper,we first analyze the role of solvents in the solution-processed fabrication of large-area perovskite films based on the classical crystal nucleation and growth mechanism.Recent efforts in solvent engineering to improve the quality of perovskite films for solar modules are discussed.Finally,the basic principles and future challenges of solvent system design for scalable fabrication of high-quality perovskite films for efficient solar modules are proposed.

Epidemiological Aspect and Evaluation of the Management of Urologic Emergencies at the Urology Unit of Labe Regional Hospital

Aim: To contribute to improving the management of urological emergencies at Labé Regional Hospital. Patients and Method: This was a dynamic, descriptive study lasting six months from July 1 to December 31, 2017. Results: Urological emergencies represented 45.14% (n = 218) of all admissions to the urology unit. The mean age of our patients was 56.60 years with extremes of fifteen days and 93 years. The 71 - 80 age group was the most represented with 28.03% (n = 61) followed by 61 - 70 years with 24.31% (n = 53). Our patients’ activities were dominated by agriculture, with 35.77% (n = 88), and the city center was most affected by urological emergencies, with 39.44% of cases (n = 86). 70.18% (n = 153) of our patients had bladder retention on admission, and 53.21% (n = 116) underwent urethral catheterization, including 3 women. The etiology of bladder retention in these 3 women was dominated by two cases of bladder lithiasis and one case of neurological bladder. Conclusion: The management of urological emergencies requires specific material and human resources. Their knowledge will enable us to better understand this problem and could serve as a basis for a broad reflection on the organization of the management of urological emergencies in our region.

Obstetric Emergencies: Frequency, Socio-Demographic Aspects and Risk Factors at the Labe Regional Hospital Maternity Unit (Guinea)

Introduction: Obstetric emergencies are clinical situations of a serious nature, often dangerous, which develop unexpectedly, threatening the vital prognosis of the mother and/or foetus in the short term. The aim of this study was to contribute to a review of obstetric emergencies at the Labé Regional Hospital maternity unit. Methods: This was a prospective descriptive and analytical study conducted over a period of 6 months in the maternity unit of the Labé Regional Hospital. It concerned all patients admitted to the department for obstetric emergencies. Results: Obstetric emergencies accounted for 20% of obstetric admissions. The mean age of the patients was 25.12 ± 7.15 years, with extremes of 14 and 45 years. The patients were housewives (42.52%), 42.86% did not attend school and 77.41% were from urban areas. The poor were the most numerous (43.52%). The ambulance was the means of transport in only 9% of cases. Acute foetal distress, pre-eclampsia, bony dystocia and post-partum haemorrhage were the most common types of emergency in our series, with frequencies of 27.57%, 22.59%, 17.94% and 10.63% respectively. The risk factors identified were age, origin, gestational age and the state of the maternal pelvis. Conclusion: Obstetric emergencies are frequent in our study site and represent a major concern for patients, providers and the community alike. In order to reduce the frequency of obstetric emergencies, young girls should be enrolled in school, the legal age for marriage should be respected, quality antenatal care should be provided in basic health facilities, and proper planning and spacing of pregnancies should be implemented.

Automated File Labeling for Heterogeneous Files Organization Using Machine Learning

File labeling techniques have a long history in analyzing the anthological trends in computational linguistics.The situation becomes worse in the case of files downloaded into systems from the Internet.Currently,most users either have to change file names manually or leave a meaningless name of the files,which increases the time to search required files and results in redundancy and duplications of user files.Currently,no significant work is done on automated file labeling during the organization of heterogeneous user files.A few attempts have been made in topic modeling.However,one major drawback of current topic modeling approaches is better results.They rely on specific language types and domain similarity of the data.In this research,machine learning approaches have been employed to analyze and extract the information from heterogeneous corpus.A different file labeling technique has also been used to get the meaningful and`cohesive topic of the files.The results show that the proposed methodology can generate relevant and context-sensitive names for heterogeneous data files and provide additional insight into automated file labeling in operating systems.

基于LABS技术和FPGA的固态激光雷达测距系统

针对传统固态激光雷达中光束快速扫描控制响应速度和电压控制精度较低的问题,提出了一种基于透镜辅助光束扫描(LABS)技术和现场可编程逻辑门阵列(FPGA)的固态激光雷达测距系统。该系统采用收发一体的结构,系统中的LABS器件由1×16光开关芯片、4×4光纤阵列和透镜组成。根据LABS方案每一级只有一个光开关处于工作状态的特点,通过选择不同的发射器,将光束照亮到透镜的不同位置来实现光束的转向。光束扫描采用FPGA结合外部选通电路进行控制的方式,通过输出电压控制4级马赫-曾德尔干涉仪(MZI)型光开关工作,实现光束的快速切换。实验结果表明,该系统光束转向角度步长为0.35°,最大测距范围可达200 m,9.2 m内的测距误差约为1 cm。

Controllably partial removal of thiolate ligands from unsupported Au_(25) nanoclusters by rapid thermal treatments for electrochemical CO_(2)reduction

Colloidal synthesis of metal nanoclusters will inevitably lead to the blockage of catalytically active sites by organic ligands.Here,taking[Au_(25)(PET)_(18)]-(PET=2-phenylethanethiol)nanocluster as a model catalyst,this work reports a feasible procedure to achieve the controllably partial removal of thiolate ligands from unsupported[Au_(25)(PET)_(18)]-nanoclusters with the preservation of the core structure.This procedure shortens the processing duration by rapid heating and cooling on the basis of traditional annealing treatment,avoiding the reconfiguration or agglomeration of Au_(25)nanoclusters,where the degree of dethiolation can be regulated by the control of duration.This work finds that a moderate degree of dethiolation can expose the Au active sites while maintaining the suppression of the competing hydrogen evolution reaction.Consequently,the activity and selectivity towards CO formation in electrochemical CO_(2)reduction reaction of Au_(25)nanoclusters can be promoted.This work provides a new approach for the removal of thiolate ligands from atomically precise gold nanoclusters.

Silicon Labs力助蓝牙定位技术多场景应用

随着蓝牙技术的普及,诸多行业都选择蓝牙而非传统的RF设备作为定位技术,并从中受益。蓝牙技术由蓝牙技术联盟(SIG)认证并提供标准化的无线技术解决方案,可在许多现有产品中轻松获得。因此,许多企业都在大力投资蓝牙领域以扩展其功能、进一步延长电池寿命并提升产品销量。

Silicon Labs:紧跟物联网标准化浪潮

2022年,全球芯片市场经历了需求下滑、供应从短缺到逐步缓解的过程,同时受疫情、通胀和需求周期等因素的影响,全球半导体销售额增长将在2023年大幅放缓。在市场需求持续疲弱的状态下,以及疫情对经济的影响和产业周期的原因,2023年将是全球半导体行业一个短暂的下行周期,芯片市场也将出现分化的趋势。消费、存储等领域对芯片的需求在短期内将出现明显的低迷,但市场其他领域对芯片的需求仍继续保持增长势头。

基于FEMFAT LAB-ADAMS的路谱获取

虚拟样机技术的发展使得车辆多体动力学仿真和虚拟疲劳耐久计算成为工程研究的必要手段,而获得可靠有效的路谱则是两种研究手段的前提。运用Femfat LAB-Adams搭建了路谱求解联合仿真平台,根据实车传感器安装位置在多体动力学模型上建立相对应的测点响应通道,以试车场采集的发动机连接点、减震器安装点等处的实测载荷谱为依据,基于虚拟迭代理论计算得到路谱。分别从时域特征、频域特征和损伤计算三方面对监测信号和实测信号进行对比,验证路谱求解的可靠性。结果表明,求解得到的路谱具有较高的可靠性,可以用于车辆多体动力学仿真和虚拟疲劳耐久计算。

Scalable Electrophysiology of Millimeter-Scale Animals with Electrode Devices

Millimeter-scale animals such as Caenorhabditis elegans,Drosophila larvae,zebrafish,and bees serve as powerful model organisms in the fields of neurobiology and neuroethology.Various methods exist for recording large-scale electrophysiological signals from these animals.Existing approaches often lack,however,real-time,uninterrupted investigations due to their rigid constructs,geometric constraints,and mechanical mismatch in integration with soft organisms.The recent research establishes the foundations for 3-dimensional flexible bioelectronic interfaces that incorporate microfabricated components and nanoelectronic function with adjustable mechanical properties and multidimensional variability,offering unique capabilities for chronic,stable interrogation and stimulation of millimeter-scale animals and miniature tissue constructs.This review summarizes the most advanced technologies for electrophysiological studies,based on methods of 3-dimensional flexible bioelectronics.A concluding section addresses the challenges of these devices in achieving freestanding,robust,and multifunctional biointerfaces.

基于MATLAB/Minitab的大规模定制质量控制图研究

大规模定制(MC)是目前先进的生产模式,其生产随客户需求而变,具有不可预测性,且产品开发及生命周期短,生产批量少,设备调整时间短。因目前的控制图并不完全适用于此生产模式,故提出针对大规模定制型制造企业的生产过程监测的联合统计制程方法,即基于Q统计量的指数加权移动平均控制图的大规模定制制造系统。利用仿真软件MATLAB的统计工具箱模拟与大规模定制相似的一组随机数据,通过MATLAB软件编码将其转换为Q统计量后再利用Minitab软件的统计分析和图表功能来验证此联合统计制程方法的可行性及预测精度。

基于LabVIEW平台的蛋鸡舍环境舒适度实时监测系统设计与实现

蛋鸡的环境舒适度是多种因素相互作用的结果,其状况的好坏难以用数值来描述。该研究以蛋鸡为主体,通过文献资料确定影响蛋鸡舍舒适度的各环境因素的阈值,利用模糊数学理论对各环境因素数据进行融合,得到蛋鸡环境舒适评价结果,采用LabVIEW搭建蛋鸡舍环境舒适度实时监测系统,输出实时的环境舒适度评价结果,利用舒适度时间占比法对饲养周期内的数据进行分析。在实验室畜禽物联网平台的基础上,选取黄山德青源种禽有限公司试验鸡舍和中国农业大学上庄实验站试验鸡舍作为系统环境数据获取节点,对系统进行验证。结果显示:采用层次分析法得到冬季鸡舍环境因素(温度、湿度、风速、二氧化碳浓度和氨气浓度)的权重集W冬={0.4286,0.1511,0.0495,0.2828,0.0879},夏季为W夏={0.4326,0.2418,0.1029,0.0813,0.1414};与采用单一环境因素对舍内环境进行评价相比,系统能较全面的反映出舍内的舒适程度;冬季黄山德青源种禽有限公司试验鸡舍环境舒适度要好于中国农业大学上庄实验站试验鸡舍。该研究为蛋鸡舍内综合环境评价提供了一种新的方法,同时也为畜禽物联网实时监测数据的应用提供了一种新的思路。