Three new species of imitator-group of the genus Macrophya(Hymenoptera,Tenthredinidae) from China

Three species, Macrophya circulotibialis Li, Liu ＆ Heng, sp. nov., M. curvatitheca Li, Liu ＆ Heng, sp. nov. and M. changbaina Li, Liu ＆ Heng, sp. nov., of the imitator-group of the genus Macrophya Dahlbom （Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae） from China are described as new to science. A key to all known species of the imitator-group from China is provided. The specimens examined in this study, including all holotypes and paratypes of the new species, are deposited in the Insect Collection of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China, and the Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.

Two new species of flavomaculata-group of the genus Macrophya Dahlbom(Hymenoptera:Tenthredinidae) from China

A taxonomic review is provided for the flavomaculata-group of the genus Macrophya, including the descriptions of two new species from China, namely M. coloritibialis Li, Liu ＆ Wei, sp. nov. and 34.. zhui Li, Liu ＆ Wei, sp. nov. A key to Chinese species of this group is provided, The type specimens of new species are deposited in the Insect Collection of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China.

Three new species of sanguinolenta-group of the genus Macrophya(Hymenoptera:Tenthredinidae) from China

Macrophya opacifrontalis Li, Lei ＆ Wei, sp. nov., M. pseudofemorata Li, Wang, ＆ Wei, sp. nov., and M. huangi Li ＆ Wei, sp. nov. of the sanguinolenta-group of Macrophya （Hymenoptera： Tenthredinidae） from China are described. M. opacifrontalis and M. pseudo-femorata is belong to the tong#subgroup, whereas M. huangi belongs to the depressina-subgroup. The division of the tongi and depressina subgroups and species inside are briefly discussed. Keys to all known species of the tongi and depressina-subgroups from China are provided respectively.

Two new species of the Tenthredo grahami group from China(Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), with a revised key to species

Two new species of the Tenthredo grahami group of Tenthredinidae,Hymenoptera,from Sichuan and Tibet of China are described here,namely T.nigrobullifera sp.nov.and T.megamaculata sp.nov.A diagnosis and a revised key to species of the Tenthredo grahami group are provided.All type specimens of the new species are deposited in the Asian Sawfly Museum,Nanchang,China(ASMN).

Four new species of sanguinolenta-group of the genus Macrophya (Hymenoptera:Tenthredinidae) from China

Four new species of the sanguinolenta-group of the genus Macrophya from China are described, namely M. cheni sp. nov., M. yichangensis sp. nov., M. elegansoma sp. nov., and M. reni sp. nov. The species M. cheni sp. nov. and M. yichangensis sp. nov. belong to the koreana-subgroup, while M. elegansoma sp. nov. and M. reni sp. nov. belong to the sanguinolenta-subgroup. The division of the koreana and sanguinolenta-subgroups are briefly discussed. Keys to all known species of the koreana and sanguinolenta-subgroups from China are provided, respectively. The type specimens of new species are deposited in the Insect Collection of Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China.

On Jungicephus Maa(Hymenoptera: Cephidae) with description of a new species from China

Jungicephus Maa, 1949 is redescribed based on new material. The differences between Jungicephus and its relatives, and the tribal position of the genus are briefly discussed. Jungicephus maybe represent a distinct evolutionary lineage in Hartigiini in addition to the Hartigia lineage and Janus lineage. A new species, J. bidentus sp. nov. is described from China.

Sexual selection and incipient speciation in Hawaiian Drosophila

We conducted sexual selection experiments to produce strains with high and low mating discrimination in females of laboratory strains of Hawaiian Drosophila, D.silvestris, then examined secondary sexual traits of these two lines, and compared them with that of standard line. In order to do this, we screened out super-males which mated successfully with females and with high mating records;and poor males which usually could not mate successfully with females and had low mating records. In the meantime,choosy females were also screened out, which almost never responded to males' nuptial dance and were difficult to be mated; but indiscriminate females were on the contrary,which were very ready to accept male's nuptial dance and were very easy to be mated. As a result, by mating supermales with choosy females, we were able to produce the high-line strain; similarly, for the low line, we mated poor males with indiscriminate females and we had a strain that was significantly different from our standard strain within just two generations of selection, i.e., morphological trait differences were measured between the standard strain and the two selected lines, which indicated that mating discrimination has affected secondary sexual traits of the lowline strain significantly: Cilia number on the foretibia of low-line males is significantly different from that of the standard line, which perhaps was the indication of incipient speciation in Hawaiian Drosophila.