Immunotherapeutic hydrogel for co-delivery of STAT3 siRNA liposomes and lidocaine hydrochloride for postoperative comprehensive management of NSCLC in a single application

Despite standard treatment for non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)being surgical resection,cancer recurrence and complications,such as induction of malignant pleural effusion(MPE)and significant postoperative pain,usually result in treatment failure.In this study,an alginate-based hybrid hydrogel(SOG)is developed that can be injected into the resection surface of the lungs during surgery.Briefly,endoplasmic reticulum-modified liposomes(MSLs)pre-loaded with the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)small interfering RNA and lidocaine hydrochloride are encapsulated in SOG.Once applied,MSLs strongly downregulated STAT3 expression in the tumor microenvironment,resulting in the apoptosis of lung cancer cells and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages towards the M1-like phenotype.Meanwhile,the release of lidocaine hydrochloride(LID)was beneficial for pain relief and natural killer cell activation.Our data demonstrated MSL@LID@SOG not only efficiently inhibited tumor growth but also potently improved the quality of life,including reduced MPE volume and pain relief in orthotopic NSCLC mouse models,even with a single administration.MSL@LID@SOG shows potential for comprehensive clinical management upon tumor resection in NSCLC,and may alter the treatment paradigms for other cancers.

Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in Chronic Hepatitis B:A Hospital-based Case-control Study from China

Background and Aims:Chronic kidney disease(CKD)usually occurs during the chronic infection of hepatitis B virus(HBV).However,the risk factors of CKD in an HBV population have not been completely demonstrated.Our present study aimed to investigate the risk factors of CKD in chronic HBV infection using a hospital based cross-sectional study in the northern area of China.Methods:During January 2013 to December 2017,a total of 94 patients with CKD complicated by chronic HBV infection were consecutively enrolled in the study,as well as 548 age-and sex-matched hepatitis B patients without CKD who were enrolled as controls.Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to determine the effects of each variable after adjusting for cofounding factors.Results:Multivariate analysis showed that HBeAg-positive status(odds ratio[OR]=2.099,95%CI 1.128-3.907),dyslipidemia(OR:3.025,95%CI 1.747-5.239),and hypertension(OR:12.523,95%CI 6.283-24.958)were independently associ-ated with the incidence of CKD,while duration of HBV in-fection(≥240 months)(OR:0.401,95%CI 0.179-0.894),Log10 HBsAg(OR:0.514,95%CI 0.336-0.786),and coro-nary heart disease(OR:0.078,95%CI 0.008-0.768)were protective factors for the incidence of CKD.Duration of HBV infection,Log10 HBsAg,HBeAg-positive status and dyslipidemia remained the risk factors for CKD after adjusting for diabetes mellitus,hypertension,and coronary heart disease.Conclusions:Duration of HBV infection,Log10 HB-sAg,HBeAg-positive status and dyslipidemia contributed to the incidence of CKD during chronic HBV infection in a Chinese population.

Regenerative antibacterial hydrogels from medicinal molecule for diabetic wound repair

Hydrogel products for chronic diabetic wounds,a serious and prevalent complication of diabetes,show limited effects on disability and remain nonspecific.Thus,improvements in the usage of pharmaceutical molecule in the hydrogels are highly desirable to increase the therapeutic effect of hydrogels.In this study,thioctic acid(a common medicine molecule in diabetes treatment)is used for preparing regenerative antibacterial hydrogels(RAH)which contains in situ synthesized silver nanoparticles(AgNPs).The RAH shows regenerative,self-healing and injectable ability,because of the reversible hydrogen and coordination bonds.With good regenerative capacity,RAH can be stored as powder to avoid the water loss and facilitate storage availability.Owing to the antioxidant properties of thioctic acid,the RAH can decrease the oxidative damage and retain cell proliferation efficiency.Due to the in situ synthesized AgNPs,the RAH also exhibits extraordinary antimicrobial capacities against MDR bacteria.All of these superiorities enable RAH to be a promising therapy for chronic diabetic wounds.