在勘探地震频带范围内,我国陆相沉积的含煤地层均是典型的薄互层。含煤地层中各向同性薄层叠置,在不同地震波长尺度下呈现长波长地震各向异性特征,地震勘探中一般做横向各向同性(Transverse Isotropy with a Vertical Axis of Symmetry,...在勘探地震频带范围内,我国陆相沉积的含煤地层均是典型的薄互层。含煤地层中各向同性薄层叠置,在不同地震波长尺度下呈现长波长地震各向异性特征,地震勘探中一般做横向各向同性(Transverse Isotropy with a Vertical Axis of Symmetry,VTI)等效或均匀各向同性(Isotropy,ISO)等效简化处理。但是针对不同弹性性质的地层,长波长等效理论的适用条件不同。以淮南煤田的含煤地层为例,利用钻孔声波和密度测井曲线建立二维水平层状薄互层模型,分析含煤地层的长波长地震各向异性的多尺度效应。通过不同平均长度均化测井曲线,重点分析了2种等效建模方法在不同平均长度下所建立的等效模型弹性参数的差异及其各向异性特征;最后通过不同等效模型弹性波场的数值模拟分析不同等效模型的适用性。结果表明:随着平均长度增加,等效模型的速度、密度和各向异性参数的单点数据异常减弱;ISO等效P波速度大于VTI等效;存在某个临界窗长(本次淮南含煤地层为λ_(min)/L≈3)使等效模型的层状各向异性开始减弱;当平均长度与地层厚度比(L/d)和最小主波长与平均长度比(λ_(min)/L)都满足长波长假设条件时,含煤薄互层等效模型弹性波传播特征才能逼近原始模型。研究结果有助于厘定含煤地层长波长地震各向异性特征,为含煤地层的正演模拟和反演模型建立提供理论指导,以进一步提高煤田地震勘探精度。展开更多
作为一种典型的强阻抗差低阻抗薄层,煤层中孔隙含流体时是否会引起地震反射产生明显的异常是回答地震检测流体是否可行的根本.为此,本文针对强阻抗差薄层模型,基于Biot双相介质理论,通过弹性波有限差分法数值模拟,与各向同性单相介质假...作为一种典型的强阻抗差低阻抗薄层,煤层中孔隙含流体时是否会引起地震反射产生明显的异常是回答地震检测流体是否可行的根本.为此,本文针对强阻抗差薄层模型,基于Biot双相介质理论,通过弹性波有限差分法数值模拟,与各向同性单相介质假设的煤层反射对比,探讨了反射复合波受煤层孔隙度及流体性质变化的影响程度.模拟分析发现:由于薄层孔隙度和孔隙流体属性的变化在Biot理论中表现为纵波速度的变化,PP波反射AVO(Amplitude Versus Offset,振幅随偏移距变化)特征对薄层是否含流体相对敏感;综合使用PP与PS波对比有利于薄层中流体的预测;孔隙度一定时,PP波反射振幅随着含气饱和度的增加而增大;受薄层调谐作用的影响,孔隙和流体变化对煤层反射的频谱特征影响不大,近似于单相介质时的情况.展开更多
Rotational components play an important role in natural earthquake research,engineering seismic investigation,building monitoring,seismic exploration and other fields.Traditional researches mainly focus on three trans...Rotational components play an important role in natural earthquake research,engineering seismic investigation,building monitoring,seismic exploration and other fields.Traditional researches mainly focus on three translational components,but less on rotational ones.As the precision of rotational sensing techniques has increased,many scholars have paid more attention to the seismic rotational motions.Because the rotational observations are not very popular before and now,approximately converting the translational components into rotational components is utilized in rotation analysis.Based on numerical six-component seismic data with the finite difference method,we compare three different conversion methods,the travelling-wave,frequency-domain and the difference method,to analyze their characteristics and feasibilities when they are applied to estimate rotational components with translational observations.展开更多
0 INTRODUCTION Small to moderate earthquakes and microearthquakes occur widely and numerously(Luo,2010),which contributes to the research of focal mechanism,faults and deep geodynamics(Li et al.,2023;Yi et al.,2020;Mo...0 INTRODUCTION Small to moderate earthquakes and microearthquakes occur widely and numerously(Luo,2010),which contributes to the research of focal mechanism,faults and deep geodynamics(Li et al.,2023;Yi et al.,2020;Mori,1991).It is of great significance for the focal mechanism solution of main shock and the distribution of coseismic activities(Meng et al.,2022;Zhang et al.,2021).展开更多
文摘在勘探地震频带范围内,我国陆相沉积的含煤地层均是典型的薄互层。含煤地层中各向同性薄层叠置,在不同地震波长尺度下呈现长波长地震各向异性特征,地震勘探中一般做横向各向同性(Transverse Isotropy with a Vertical Axis of Symmetry,VTI)等效或均匀各向同性(Isotropy,ISO)等效简化处理。但是针对不同弹性性质的地层,长波长等效理论的适用条件不同。以淮南煤田的含煤地层为例,利用钻孔声波和密度测井曲线建立二维水平层状薄互层模型,分析含煤地层的长波长地震各向异性的多尺度效应。通过不同平均长度均化测井曲线,重点分析了2种等效建模方法在不同平均长度下所建立的等效模型弹性参数的差异及其各向异性特征;最后通过不同等效模型弹性波场的数值模拟分析不同等效模型的适用性。结果表明:随着平均长度增加,等效模型的速度、密度和各向异性参数的单点数据异常减弱;ISO等效P波速度大于VTI等效;存在某个临界窗长(本次淮南含煤地层为λ_(min)/L≈3)使等效模型的层状各向异性开始减弱;当平均长度与地层厚度比(L/d)和最小主波长与平均长度比(λ_(min)/L)都满足长波长假设条件时,含煤薄互层等效模型弹性波传播特征才能逼近原始模型。研究结果有助于厘定含煤地层长波长地震各向异性特征,为含煤地层的正演模拟和反演模型建立提供理论指导,以进一步提高煤田地震勘探精度。
文摘作为一种典型的强阻抗差低阻抗薄层,煤层中孔隙含流体时是否会引起地震反射产生明显的异常是回答地震检测流体是否可行的根本.为此,本文针对强阻抗差薄层模型,基于Biot双相介质理论,通过弹性波有限差分法数值模拟,与各向同性单相介质假设的煤层反射对比,探讨了反射复合波受煤层孔隙度及流体性质变化的影响程度.模拟分析发现:由于薄层孔隙度和孔隙流体属性的变化在Biot理论中表现为纵波速度的变化,PP波反射AVO(Amplitude Versus Offset,振幅随偏移距变化)特征对薄层是否含流体相对敏感;综合使用PP与PS波对比有利于薄层中流体的预测;孔隙度一定时,PP波反射振幅随着含气饱和度的增加而增大;受薄层调谐作用的影响,孔隙和流体变化对煤层反射的频谱特征影响不大,近似于单相介质时的情况.
基金This research is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.U1839208).
文摘Rotational components play an important role in natural earthquake research,engineering seismic investigation,building monitoring,seismic exploration and other fields.Traditional researches mainly focus on three translational components,but less on rotational ones.As the precision of rotational sensing techniques has increased,many scholars have paid more attention to the seismic rotational motions.Because the rotational observations are not very popular before and now,approximately converting the translational components into rotational components is utilized in rotation analysis.Based on numerical six-component seismic data with the finite difference method,we compare three different conversion methods,the travelling-wave,frequency-domain and the difference method,to analyze their characteristics and feasibilities when they are applied to estimate rotational components with translational observations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62127815,42150201,U1839208,41874166)the Guizhou Science and Technology Cooperation Platform Talents Fund(No.[2021]5629)。
文摘0 INTRODUCTION Small to moderate earthquakes and microearthquakes occur widely and numerously(Luo,2010),which contributes to the research of focal mechanism,faults and deep geodynamics(Li et al.,2023;Yi et al.,2020;Mori,1991).It is of great significance for the focal mechanism solution of main shock and the distribution of coseismic activities(Meng et al.,2022;Zhang et al.,2021).
