Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant activities and total phenolic contents of brown seaweeds belonging to Turbinaria spp.[Turbinaria conoides(T.conoides)and Turbinaria ornata(T.ornata)collected from Gulf of Mannar o...Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant activities and total phenolic contents of brown seaweeds belonging to Turbinaria spp.[Turbinaria conoides(T.conoides)and Turbinaria ornata(T.ornata)collected from Gulf of Mannar of southeastern coast of India in various in vitro systems.Methods:The antioxidant activity was evaluated using different in vitro systems,viz.,I,I-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),2,2'-azino-bis-3 ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt(ABTS),H_20_2/H0 radical scavenging,Fe^(2+)ion chelating ability,and reducing potential.Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to determine the total phenolic content of the extracts,and the results were expressed as mg of gallic acid equivalents(GE)/g of the seaweed extracts.Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances assay was employed to assess the ability of the seaweed extracts to inhibit lipid oxidation.Results:Ethyl acetate(EtOAc)fraction of T.conoides registered significantly higher phenolic content(105.97 mg GE/g)than that of T.ornata(69.63 mg GE/g).Significantly higher antioxidant potential as determined by DPPH(64.14%)radical scavenging activity was registered in EtOAc fraction of T.ornata.A higher ABTS(?)radical scavenging(IC_(50)3.16μg/mL),Fe^(2+)chelating(IC_(50)0.46 mg/mL),H_2O_2 scavenging(IC_(50)4.25 mg/mL),lipid peroxidation inhibitory(TBARS,IC_(50)0.21 mg/mL),and reducing abilities(IC_(50)52.67 mg/mL)(P<0.05)were realized in EtOAc fraction of T.ornata than other fractions.Conclusions:This study indicated the potential use of T.conoides and T.ornata as candidate species to be used as food supplements/functional foods to increase shelf-life of food items for human consumption,and nutraceuticals to deter deleterious free radical-induced life-threatening diseases.展开更多
Objective:To screen the effect of sulphated galactopyran fraction isolated from Gracilaria opuntia (G. opuntia) (FM4) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Methods:In vitro antioxidant assays of FM4 were esti...Objective:To screen the effect of sulphated galactopyran fraction isolated from Gracilaria opuntia (G. opuntia) (FM4) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Methods:In vitro antioxidant assays of FM4 were estimated byDPPH,ABTS, hydroxyl free radical and Nitric oxide free radical activities.FM4 was purified and characterized by1H-NMR spectra andFTIR as sulphated galactopyran. Diabetes was induced intraperitonially by single dose ofSTZ (55 mg/kg body weight).FM4 was administrated orally (80, 100, 125 mg/kgBW) to diabetic rats for 60 days. The enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), lipid peroxidase (LPx), glutathione reduced (GSH), vitamin-C (VIT-C) and vitamin-E (VIT-E) levels were estimated. Glibenclamide was used as standard drug. Results:Our results demonstrated that the aqueous extract ofG. opuntia possess free radical scavenging activity. During FM4 fraction treatment (100 mg/kgBW), theSOD,GPx,CAT,GST, GSH,VIT-C and VIT-E levels were significantly (P < 0.05) increased, and theLPx levels were decreased in different organs such as liver, kidney, brain and pancreas of diabetic rats. Conclusions: The sulphated galactopyran fraction of the marine macroalgae (G. opuntia) possesses the antioxidant activity which might help in the prevention of oxidative damage that occurs during diabetes.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of the aqueous extract and polysaccharide fraction from two brown marine macroalga,Padina gymnospora(P.gymnospora)and Padina tetrastomatica(P.tetra...Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of the aqueous extract and polysaccharide fraction from two brown marine macroalga,Padina gymnospora(P.gymnospora)and Padina tetrastomatica(P.tetrastomatica)harvested from Gulf of Mannar of peninsular India.Methods:The antioxidant activity was evaluated using different in vitro systems,viz.,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),2,2′-azino-bis-3ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt(ABTS),H_(2)O_(2)/HO.radical scavenging,Fe^(2+)ion chelating ability,and reducing potential.Folin–Ciocalteu method was used to determine the total phenolic content,and the results were expressed as mg of gallic acid equivalents(GE).Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance formation inhibition assay was employed to assess the ability of the samples to inhibit lipid oxidation in a model system.COX_(II)and LOX_(V)inhibition assays were employed to assess the anti-inflammatory potential of aqueous extract and polysaccharide fraction.Results:The aqueous extract fraction of P.tetrastomatica realized high total phenolic content(288 mg GE/g),and its activity towards scavenging short-lived radicals(OH.and H_(2)O_(2))(27.8%and 68.3%,respectively;0.6 mg/mL)are higher than those registered for Padina gymnospora.Aqueous extract and polysaccharide fractions of P.gymnospora showed higher anti-inflammatory activities against LOX_(V)(56%and 53%,respectively)and COX_(II)(30%and 35%,respectively;1 mg/mL)enzymes.The correlation studies confirmed that polysaccharides present with the Padina sp.are responsible for their anti-inflammatory potential.IR spectral data of polysaccharide fraction revealed the presence of polysaccharide in alginate form and also confirmed the presence of sulphated polysaccharides as principle bioactive constituents.Conclusions:The study revealed that these seaweeds possess beneficial value as human food or health additives and can be used as a natural green remedy against oxidative stress induced inflammatory diseases.展开更多
A total of 79 bacteria and 101 actinobacteria strains were isolated from the sediment samples of the different points of Baratang mud volcano viz.,point of the eruption(M),middle of the volcano(MD),and the dried part ...A total of 79 bacteria and 101 actinobacteria strains were isolated from the sediment samples of the different points of Baratang mud volcano viz.,point of the eruption(M),middle of the volcano(MD),and the dried part of the mud volcano(E).Based on the biochemical and molecular characterization,the isolates were categorized under the phyla Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria included representatives of Classes Alphaproteobacteria,Gammaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria of 29 genera with 38 distinct ribotypes.Thirty-eight bacterial strains from four different regions of mud volcano revealed excellent activity for indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)production.Excellent antagonistic property,plant growth promoting properties such as IAA production,phosphate,potassium and zinc solubilization were identified in Bacillus megaterium NIOT_MV 31 strain of 38 studied isolates.In this study,we investigated the optimization of IAA production by B.megaterium NIOT_MV 31 and its formulation as a plant growth promoter to improve economic and agricultural development.Maximum IAA yield was achieved using optimal conditions(42.63 mg/mL)in the presence of optimized tryptophan after 4 days of incubation.Twofold increase in the plant growth parameters were observed to that of control plants.Optimization of culture conditions resulted in a fourfold increase in IAA production by B.megaterium NIOT_MV 31 cells.The results clearly demonstrated that,B.megaterium NIOT_MV 31 holds great potential as a source for IAA production and may be useful for commercial applications.展开更多
基金Supported by the funding under the Science and Engineering Research Council(SERC)Scheme(SR/FTP/CS-63/2007)from Department of Science and Technology.New Delhi.India
文摘Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant activities and total phenolic contents of brown seaweeds belonging to Turbinaria spp.[Turbinaria conoides(T.conoides)and Turbinaria ornata(T.ornata)collected from Gulf of Mannar of southeastern coast of India in various in vitro systems.Methods:The antioxidant activity was evaluated using different in vitro systems,viz.,I,I-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),2,2'-azino-bis-3 ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt(ABTS),H_20_2/H0 radical scavenging,Fe^(2+)ion chelating ability,and reducing potential.Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to determine the total phenolic content of the extracts,and the results were expressed as mg of gallic acid equivalents(GE)/g of the seaweed extracts.Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances assay was employed to assess the ability of the seaweed extracts to inhibit lipid oxidation.Results:Ethyl acetate(EtOAc)fraction of T.conoides registered significantly higher phenolic content(105.97 mg GE/g)than that of T.ornata(69.63 mg GE/g).Significantly higher antioxidant potential as determined by DPPH(64.14%)radical scavenging activity was registered in EtOAc fraction of T.ornata.A higher ABTS(?)radical scavenging(IC_(50)3.16μg/mL),Fe^(2+)chelating(IC_(50)0.46 mg/mL),H_2O_2 scavenging(IC_(50)4.25 mg/mL),lipid peroxidation inhibitory(TBARS,IC_(50)0.21 mg/mL),and reducing abilities(IC_(50)52.67 mg/mL)(P<0.05)were realized in EtOAc fraction of T.ornata than other fractions.Conclusions:This study indicated the potential use of T.conoides and T.ornata as candidate species to be used as food supplements/functional foods to increase shelf-life of food items for human consumption,and nutraceuticals to deter deleterious free radical-induced life-threatening diseases.
文摘Objective:To screen the effect of sulphated galactopyran fraction isolated from Gracilaria opuntia (G. opuntia) (FM4) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Methods:In vitro antioxidant assays of FM4 were estimated byDPPH,ABTS, hydroxyl free radical and Nitric oxide free radical activities.FM4 was purified and characterized by1H-NMR spectra andFTIR as sulphated galactopyran. Diabetes was induced intraperitonially by single dose ofSTZ (55 mg/kg body weight).FM4 was administrated orally (80, 100, 125 mg/kgBW) to diabetic rats for 60 days. The enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), lipid peroxidase (LPx), glutathione reduced (GSH), vitamin-C (VIT-C) and vitamin-E (VIT-E) levels were estimated. Glibenclamide was used as standard drug. Results:Our results demonstrated that the aqueous extract ofG. opuntia possess free radical scavenging activity. During FM4 fraction treatment (100 mg/kgBW), theSOD,GPx,CAT,GST, GSH,VIT-C and VIT-E levels were significantly (P < 0.05) increased, and theLPx levels were decreased in different organs such as liver, kidney, brain and pancreas of diabetic rats. Conclusions: The sulphated galactopyran fraction of the marine macroalgae (G. opuntia) possesses the antioxidant activity which might help in the prevention of oxidative damage that occurs during diabetes.
基金Supported by the funding under the Science and Engineering Research Council(SERC)Scheme(SR/FTP/CS-63/2007)from Department of Science and Technology,New Delhi,India.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of the aqueous extract and polysaccharide fraction from two brown marine macroalga,Padina gymnospora(P.gymnospora)and Padina tetrastomatica(P.tetrastomatica)harvested from Gulf of Mannar of peninsular India.Methods:The antioxidant activity was evaluated using different in vitro systems,viz.,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),2,2′-azino-bis-3ethylbenzothiozoline-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt(ABTS),H_(2)O_(2)/HO.radical scavenging,Fe^(2+)ion chelating ability,and reducing potential.Folin–Ciocalteu method was used to determine the total phenolic content,and the results were expressed as mg of gallic acid equivalents(GE).Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance formation inhibition assay was employed to assess the ability of the samples to inhibit lipid oxidation in a model system.COX_(II)and LOX_(V)inhibition assays were employed to assess the anti-inflammatory potential of aqueous extract and polysaccharide fraction.Results:The aqueous extract fraction of P.tetrastomatica realized high total phenolic content(288 mg GE/g),and its activity towards scavenging short-lived radicals(OH.and H_(2)O_(2))(27.8%and 68.3%,respectively;0.6 mg/mL)are higher than those registered for Padina gymnospora.Aqueous extract and polysaccharide fractions of P.gymnospora showed higher anti-inflammatory activities against LOX_(V)(56%and 53%,respectively)and COX_(II)(30%and 35%,respectively;1 mg/mL)enzymes.The correlation studies confirmed that polysaccharides present with the Padina sp.are responsible for their anti-inflammatory potential.IR spectral data of polysaccharide fraction revealed the presence of polysaccharide in alginate form and also confirmed the presence of sulphated polysaccharides as principle bioactive constituents.Conclusions:The study revealed that these seaweeds possess beneficial value as human food or health additives and can be used as a natural green remedy against oxidative stress induced inflammatory diseases.
文摘A total of 79 bacteria and 101 actinobacteria strains were isolated from the sediment samples of the different points of Baratang mud volcano viz.,point of the eruption(M),middle of the volcano(MD),and the dried part of the mud volcano(E).Based on the biochemical and molecular characterization,the isolates were categorized under the phyla Proteobacteria,Firmicutes and Proteobacteria included representatives of Classes Alphaproteobacteria,Gammaproteobacteria and Deltaproteobacteria of 29 genera with 38 distinct ribotypes.Thirty-eight bacterial strains from four different regions of mud volcano revealed excellent activity for indole-3-acetic acid(IAA)production.Excellent antagonistic property,plant growth promoting properties such as IAA production,phosphate,potassium and zinc solubilization were identified in Bacillus megaterium NIOT_MV 31 strain of 38 studied isolates.In this study,we investigated the optimization of IAA production by B.megaterium NIOT_MV 31 and its formulation as a plant growth promoter to improve economic and agricultural development.Maximum IAA yield was achieved using optimal conditions(42.63 mg/mL)in the presence of optimized tryptophan after 4 days of incubation.Twofold increase in the plant growth parameters were observed to that of control plants.Optimization of culture conditions resulted in a fourfold increase in IAA production by B.megaterium NIOT_MV 31 cells.The results clearly demonstrated that,B.megaterium NIOT_MV 31 holds great potential as a source for IAA production and may be useful for commercial applications.