Underwater sound and video observations were made at noon, sunset, and midnight in sand, gravel, and boulderhabitat in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, Gulf of Maine, USA in October 2001 using a remotely...Underwater sound and video observations were made at noon, sunset, and midnight in sand, gravel, and boulderhabitat in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, Gulf of Maine, USA in October 2001 using a remotely operated vehicle(ROV). Seventeen species of fish and squid were observed with clear habitat and time differences. Observations of feedingbehavior, disturbance behavior, and both interspecific and intraspecific interactions provided numerous opportunities for potentialsound production; however, sounds were recorded only during a single dive. Although high noise levels generated by the ROVand support ship may have masked some sounds, we conclude that fish sound production in the Gulf of Maine during the fall isuncommon. The recorded fish sounds are tentatively attributed to the cusk Brosme brosme. Cusk sounds consisted variously ofisolated thumps, widely spaced thump trains, drumrolls, and their combinations. Frequency peaks were observed at 188, 539, and1195 Hz. Use of a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) as a passive acoustic observation platform was problematic due to high ROVself-noise and the ROV's inability to maintain a fixed position on the bottom without thruster power. Some fishes were clearlyalso disturbed by ROV noise, indicating a potential ROV sampling bias. Based on our observations, we suggest that new instrumentsincorporating both optic and passive acoustic technologies are needed to provide better tools for in situ behavioral studiesof cusk and other展开更多
基金funded in part by a grant from the National Oceanic Atmospheric AdministrationA publication of the Grantee pursuant to subgrant NAGL 01-02B+2 种基金National Undersea Research Center for the North Atlantic & Great Lakes, University of Connecticut Award No. NA06RU0140The Woods Hole Sea Grant College ProgramThe Sounds Conservancy,Quebec-Labrador Foundation/Atlantic Center for the Environment provided a stipend for M. Hendry-Brogan
文摘Underwater sound and video observations were made at noon, sunset, and midnight in sand, gravel, and boulderhabitat in the Stellwagen Bank National Marine Sanctuary, Gulf of Maine, USA in October 2001 using a remotely operated vehicle(ROV). Seventeen species of fish and squid were observed with clear habitat and time differences. Observations of feedingbehavior, disturbance behavior, and both interspecific and intraspecific interactions provided numerous opportunities for potentialsound production; however, sounds were recorded only during a single dive. Although high noise levels generated by the ROVand support ship may have masked some sounds, we conclude that fish sound production in the Gulf of Maine during the fall isuncommon. The recorded fish sounds are tentatively attributed to the cusk Brosme brosme. Cusk sounds consisted variously ofisolated thumps, widely spaced thump trains, drumrolls, and their combinations. Frequency peaks were observed at 188, 539, and1195 Hz. Use of a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) as a passive acoustic observation platform was problematic due to high ROVself-noise and the ROV's inability to maintain a fixed position on the bottom without thruster power. Some fishes were clearlyalso disturbed by ROV noise, indicating a potential ROV sampling bias. Based on our observations, we suggest that new instrumentsincorporating both optic and passive acoustic technologies are needed to provide better tools for in situ behavioral studiesof cusk and other
