The coastal area is one of the areas that is quite vulnerable to the threat of pollution caused by human activities,including pollution caused by oil spills(hydrocarbons)in the sea.The incident can be caused by severa...The coastal area is one of the areas that is quite vulnerable to the threat of pollution caused by human activities,including pollution caused by oil spills(hydrocarbons)in the sea.The incident can be caused by several factors including the explosion,leakage of petroleum pipelines on the seabed,leakage of tanks or petroleum tankers at sea and disposal of waste petroleum products into the environment.Oil spills continuously can cause environmental contamination and pollution both aquatic and terrestrial.If the petroleum hydrocarbons enter sea waters,some of them will be absorbed by aquatic organisms because the nature of the petroleum hydrocarbons is difficult to decompose in waters.The intentional and unintentional entry of hazardous and toxic substances into marine ecosystems such as petroleum hydrocarbons and chemical solvents resulting from industrial wastes has become a serious problem for human health and the environment.The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon(TPH)contained in fish in coastal waters of Karawang Regency,West Java Province.This research was conducted in September-November 2019 by taking several fish samples at Ciparage Jaya Fish Auction Place,Betok Mati and Sungai Buntu Rive with a total sample of 24 fish,and taking seawater samples in the three study sites.TPH analysis was carried out at the Integrated Chemistry Laboratory,Bogor Agricultural University.TPH values in fish at Ciparage-1,Ciparage-2,Betok Mati and Sungai Buntu stations,in general,have different mean values but are almost uniform,each at 6.82;6.82;7.45 and 5.12 mg/kg.Based on the average TPH concentration in fish,it can be said that the average TPH in fish at Betok Mati station is relatively higher compared to other stations.TPH values in all fish samples exceed the safe threshold,which is a maximum of 0.002 mg/kg.Based on the results of the Bioaccumulation factor(BAF)analysis showed that the average TPH in fish was 6.55 mg/kg and the average TPH in the waters was 11.23 mg/l,so the BAF value was 58.35 which means that the absorption rate of TPH by fish organisms against the concentration of TPH in the waters of 58.35%.The analysis shows that the value of Ecological Hazard Assessment(EHA)is 3743.33 which means that the level of influence of the hazard on ecosystems and organisms is 3743.33.This value exceeds the recommended threshold according to the European Union,which is a maximum of 0.002 mg/l.展开更多
Waters carrying capacity in seaweed of Eucheuma cottonii cultures should be a concern for optimum seaweed culture.Carrying capacity can determine by Ecological Footprint(EF)analysis,which in this research use footprin...Waters carrying capacity in seaweed of Eucheuma cottonii cultures should be a concern for optimum seaweed culture.Carrying capacity can determine by Ecological Footprint(EF)analysis,which in this research use footprint production,and mas balance nitrate analysis.This research on Mei 2015(1st transitional season)and September 2015(2nd transitional season)in Luwu and Palopo,South Sulawesi.Map and land use analyzed with geographic information systems(GIS).The results showed that the Ecological Footprint production(EFP)in Luwu waters is 67,88 ton/capita/year,or equivalent to 235.823,93 tons/year.Based on the analysis of the availability of water for seaweed is 38.374,69 hectares,it can produce seaweed(biocapacity)for 922.928,96 tons/year and the number of farmers that allows for use the waters is 13.595 capita.The Ecological Footprint production(EFp)in Palopo waters is 3,08 ton/capita/year,or equivalent to 4.589,99 tons/year.Water availability analysis is 979,82 hectares are able to produce seaweed(biocapacity)for10.115,34 ton/year and the number of farmers that allows for use the waters is 3.276 capita.Based on the four scenario simulation management results of the development seaweed cultivation Eucheuma cottonii in Luwu and Luwu Regency is based on the present waste input,pressing inputs of waste into the waters of 10%,25%and 50%yield different waters biocapacity.The results comparison between biocapacity and Ecological Footprint,ecological status for Luwu and Palopo waters are still in sustainable use.Based on those simulation results showed that in second scenario by pressing the waste input by 10%from the existing waste input,as well as assuming the availability of water utilizing the entire area of 38.374,69 hectares continuously(on the years scale of 2008-2030),it will produce the highest biocapacity waters in the amount of 8.257.274,94 tons/year.So with the management of seaweed in Palopo with second scenario,assuming the availability of water utilizing the entire area of 979,82 hectares will produce the highest waters biocapacity of 14.306,92 tons/year.展开更多
Coastal vulnerability is a condition of a coastal community or society that leads to or causes an inability to face the threat of danger.The level of vulnerability can be viewed from the physical(infrastructure),socia...Coastal vulnerability is a condition of a coastal community or society that leads to or causes an inability to face the threat of danger.The level of vulnerability can be viewed from the physical(infrastructure),social,demographic,and economic vulnerabilities.Physical vulnerability(infrastructure)describes a physical condition(infrastructure)that is prone to certain hazard factors.The coastal vulnerability areas can also be interpreted as a condition where there is an increase in the process of damage in the coastal area which is caused by various factors such as human activities and factors from the nature.This research aims to determine the level of coastal vulnerability in Indramayu coastal Regency with a Coastal Vulnerability Assessment(CVA)analysis approach and a Geographic Information System(GIS).Mapping the status of the vulnerability level of the Indramayu coastal area using the CVA method where the index range generated from the calculation of the four physical parameters mentioned above is between 2.887-3.651 or are in moderate vulnerability.A higher vulnerability value is found in several locations such as Juntikedokan and Benda villages.It is necessary to develop coastal protection in this area to prevent damage to the coastal area.展开更多
The distribution of lobsters in Indonesian waters is very wide,even lobster species in Indonesia are also scattered in the tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean,the Indian Ocean,Africa to Japanese waters.Indone...The distribution of lobsters in Indonesian waters is very wide,even lobster species in Indonesia are also scattered in the tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean,the Indian Ocean,Africa to Japanese waters.Indonesian waters are divided into 11(eleven)Fishery Management Zone(FMZ).Lobsters in Indonesia may come from various water areas,both national and regional water zones,and they’re called the sink population.Its spread is influenced by the movement of the current.Lobster seed is nurtured by nature through ocean currents from Australia,East Indonesia,Japan,then back to Australia.Lobsters have a complex life cycle,where adult lobsters inhabit coral reefs as a place to lay eggs,then hatch into planktonic larvae,and grow up in open seas and carry out diurnal and ontogenetic vertical migrations before returning to nurseries in shallow coastal areas and reefs,coral,as well as habitat by the type of species.Literature research had used at least two methodologies to estimate the distribution and connection sensitivity matrices of marine organism larvae.The two most common approaches are using genetic markers and numerical biophysical modeling.Thus,this research uses molecular genetic techniques to explain the genetic structure of lobster populations using a biophysical model approach that can explain the genetic structure of lobsters,as well as the distribution based on regional oceanographic synthesis data and lobster biology known in Indonesian waters.This model has four components,namely:1)a benthic module based on a Geographical Information System(GIS)which is a lobster habitat in the spawning and recruitment process,2)a physical oceanography module containing daily velocity in the form of a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model,3)a larva biology module that describes larval life history characteristics,and 4)a Lagrangian Stochastic module that tracks the individual trajectories of larvae.展开更多
文摘The coastal area is one of the areas that is quite vulnerable to the threat of pollution caused by human activities,including pollution caused by oil spills(hydrocarbons)in the sea.The incident can be caused by several factors including the explosion,leakage of petroleum pipelines on the seabed,leakage of tanks or petroleum tankers at sea and disposal of waste petroleum products into the environment.Oil spills continuously can cause environmental contamination and pollution both aquatic and terrestrial.If the petroleum hydrocarbons enter sea waters,some of them will be absorbed by aquatic organisms because the nature of the petroleum hydrocarbons is difficult to decompose in waters.The intentional and unintentional entry of hazardous and toxic substances into marine ecosystems such as petroleum hydrocarbons and chemical solvents resulting from industrial wastes has become a serious problem for human health and the environment.The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon(TPH)contained in fish in coastal waters of Karawang Regency,West Java Province.This research was conducted in September-November 2019 by taking several fish samples at Ciparage Jaya Fish Auction Place,Betok Mati and Sungai Buntu Rive with a total sample of 24 fish,and taking seawater samples in the three study sites.TPH analysis was carried out at the Integrated Chemistry Laboratory,Bogor Agricultural University.TPH values in fish at Ciparage-1,Ciparage-2,Betok Mati and Sungai Buntu stations,in general,have different mean values but are almost uniform,each at 6.82;6.82;7.45 and 5.12 mg/kg.Based on the average TPH concentration in fish,it can be said that the average TPH in fish at Betok Mati station is relatively higher compared to other stations.TPH values in all fish samples exceed the safe threshold,which is a maximum of 0.002 mg/kg.Based on the results of the Bioaccumulation factor(BAF)analysis showed that the average TPH in fish was 6.55 mg/kg and the average TPH in the waters was 11.23 mg/l,so the BAF value was 58.35 which means that the absorption rate of TPH by fish organisms against the concentration of TPH in the waters of 58.35%.The analysis shows that the value of Ecological Hazard Assessment(EHA)is 3743.33 which means that the level of influence of the hazard on ecosystems and organisms is 3743.33.This value exceeds the recommended threshold according to the European Union,which is a maximum of 0.002 mg/l.
文摘Waters carrying capacity in seaweed of Eucheuma cottonii cultures should be a concern for optimum seaweed culture.Carrying capacity can determine by Ecological Footprint(EF)analysis,which in this research use footprint production,and mas balance nitrate analysis.This research on Mei 2015(1st transitional season)and September 2015(2nd transitional season)in Luwu and Palopo,South Sulawesi.Map and land use analyzed with geographic information systems(GIS).The results showed that the Ecological Footprint production(EFP)in Luwu waters is 67,88 ton/capita/year,or equivalent to 235.823,93 tons/year.Based on the analysis of the availability of water for seaweed is 38.374,69 hectares,it can produce seaweed(biocapacity)for 922.928,96 tons/year and the number of farmers that allows for use the waters is 13.595 capita.The Ecological Footprint production(EFp)in Palopo waters is 3,08 ton/capita/year,or equivalent to 4.589,99 tons/year.Water availability analysis is 979,82 hectares are able to produce seaweed(biocapacity)for10.115,34 ton/year and the number of farmers that allows for use the waters is 3.276 capita.Based on the four scenario simulation management results of the development seaweed cultivation Eucheuma cottonii in Luwu and Luwu Regency is based on the present waste input,pressing inputs of waste into the waters of 10%,25%and 50%yield different waters biocapacity.The results comparison between biocapacity and Ecological Footprint,ecological status for Luwu and Palopo waters are still in sustainable use.Based on those simulation results showed that in second scenario by pressing the waste input by 10%from the existing waste input,as well as assuming the availability of water utilizing the entire area of 38.374,69 hectares continuously(on the years scale of 2008-2030),it will produce the highest biocapacity waters in the amount of 8.257.274,94 tons/year.So with the management of seaweed in Palopo with second scenario,assuming the availability of water utilizing the entire area of 979,82 hectares will produce the highest waters biocapacity of 14.306,92 tons/year.
文摘Coastal vulnerability is a condition of a coastal community or society that leads to or causes an inability to face the threat of danger.The level of vulnerability can be viewed from the physical(infrastructure),social,demographic,and economic vulnerabilities.Physical vulnerability(infrastructure)describes a physical condition(infrastructure)that is prone to certain hazard factors.The coastal vulnerability areas can also be interpreted as a condition where there is an increase in the process of damage in the coastal area which is caused by various factors such as human activities and factors from the nature.This research aims to determine the level of coastal vulnerability in Indramayu coastal Regency with a Coastal Vulnerability Assessment(CVA)analysis approach and a Geographic Information System(GIS).Mapping the status of the vulnerability level of the Indramayu coastal area using the CVA method where the index range generated from the calculation of the four physical parameters mentioned above is between 2.887-3.651 or are in moderate vulnerability.A higher vulnerability value is found in several locations such as Juntikedokan and Benda villages.It is necessary to develop coastal protection in this area to prevent damage to the coastal area.
文摘The distribution of lobsters in Indonesian waters is very wide,even lobster species in Indonesia are also scattered in the tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean,the Indian Ocean,Africa to Japanese waters.Indonesian waters are divided into 11(eleven)Fishery Management Zone(FMZ).Lobsters in Indonesia may come from various water areas,both national and regional water zones,and they’re called the sink population.Its spread is influenced by the movement of the current.Lobster seed is nurtured by nature through ocean currents from Australia,East Indonesia,Japan,then back to Australia.Lobsters have a complex life cycle,where adult lobsters inhabit coral reefs as a place to lay eggs,then hatch into planktonic larvae,and grow up in open seas and carry out diurnal and ontogenetic vertical migrations before returning to nurseries in shallow coastal areas and reefs,coral,as well as habitat by the type of species.Literature research had used at least two methodologies to estimate the distribution and connection sensitivity matrices of marine organism larvae.The two most common approaches are using genetic markers and numerical biophysical modeling.Thus,this research uses molecular genetic techniques to explain the genetic structure of lobster populations using a biophysical model approach that can explain the genetic structure of lobsters,as well as the distribution based on regional oceanographic synthesis data and lobster biology known in Indonesian waters.This model has four components,namely:1)a benthic module based on a Geographical Information System(GIS)which is a lobster habitat in the spawning and recruitment process,2)a physical oceanography module containing daily velocity in the form of a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model,3)a larva biology module that describes larval life history characteristics,and 4)a Lagrangian Stochastic module that tracks the individual trajectories of larvae.
