Objective: To identify the influences of local and regional climate phenomena on dengue transmission in Lahore District of Pakistan, from 2006 to 2014. Methods: Time-series models were applied to analyze associations ...Objective: To identify the influences of local and regional climate phenomena on dengue transmission in Lahore District of Pakistan, from 2006 to 2014. Methods: Time-series models were applied to analyze associations between reported cases of dengue and climatic parameters. The coherence trend of regional climate phenomena(IOD and ENSO) was evaluated with wavelet analysis. Results: The minimum temperature 4 months before the dengue outbreak played the most important role in the Lahore District(P=0.03). A NINO 3.4 index 9 months before the outbreaks exhibited a significant negative effect on dengue transmission(P=0.02). The IOD exhibited a synchronized pattern with dengue outbreak from 2010 to 2012. The ENSO effect(NINO 3.4 index) might have played a more important role after 2012. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary results of climate influences on dengue transmission in the Lahore District of Pakistan. An increasing dengue transmission risk accompanied by frequent climate changes should be noted. Integrating the influences of climate variability into disease prevention strategies should be considered by public health authorities.展开更多
A recent global review of birds caught in spider webs reported only three Asian cases. Given this surprisingly low number, I made a concerted effort to obtain additional Asian cases from the literature, the internet, ...A recent global review of birds caught in spider webs reported only three Asian cases. Given this surprisingly low number, I made a concerted effort to obtain additional Asian cases from the literature, the internet, and field workers. I present a total of 56 Asian cases which pertain to 33 bird species. As in the global dataset, mostly small bird species were caught in spider webs, with a mean body mass of 17.5 g and a mean wing chord length of 73.1 mm. Conse?quently, birds with a body mass >30 g were very rarely caught. This Asian review corroborates the global review that smaller birds are more likely to be caught and that Nephila spiders are most likely to be the predators. Continuous monitoring of spider webs is recommended to ascertain the frequency of these events.展开更多
基金funded by the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST 104-2119-M-038-002)the Taipei Medical University(TMU101-AE1-B62)
文摘Objective: To identify the influences of local and regional climate phenomena on dengue transmission in Lahore District of Pakistan, from 2006 to 2014. Methods: Time-series models were applied to analyze associations between reported cases of dengue and climatic parameters. The coherence trend of regional climate phenomena(IOD and ENSO) was evaluated with wavelet analysis. Results: The minimum temperature 4 months before the dengue outbreak played the most important role in the Lahore District(P=0.03). A NINO 3.4 index 9 months before the outbreaks exhibited a significant negative effect on dengue transmission(P=0.02). The IOD exhibited a synchronized pattern with dengue outbreak from 2010 to 2012. The ENSO effect(NINO 3.4 index) might have played a more important role after 2012. Conclusions: This study provides preliminary results of climate influences on dengue transmission in the Lahore District of Pakistan. An increasing dengue transmission risk accompanied by frequent climate changes should be noted. Integrating the influences of climate variability into disease prevention strategies should be considered by public health authorities.
基金I acknowledge financial support from Taipei Medical University through a SEED Grant
文摘A recent global review of birds caught in spider webs reported only three Asian cases. Given this surprisingly low number, I made a concerted effort to obtain additional Asian cases from the literature, the internet, and field workers. I present a total of 56 Asian cases which pertain to 33 bird species. As in the global dataset, mostly small bird species were caught in spider webs, with a mean body mass of 17.5 g and a mean wing chord length of 73.1 mm. Conse?quently, birds with a body mass >30 g were very rarely caught. This Asian review corroborates the global review that smaller birds are more likely to be caught and that Nephila spiders are most likely to be the predators. Continuous monitoring of spider webs is recommended to ascertain the frequency of these events.
