Study on Multi-Exponential Inversion Method for NMR Relaxation Signals with Tikhonov Segularization

The analysis of NMR data in terms of inversion of relaxation distribution is hampered by the ill-posed nature of the required solution about the Fredholm integral equation. Naive approaches such as multi-exponential fitting or standard least-squares algorithms are numerically unstable and often failed. This paper updates the application of Tikhonov regularization to stabilize this numerical inversion problem and demonstrates the method for automatically choosing the optimal value of the regularization parameter. The approach is computationally efficient and easy to implement using standard matrix algebra techniques, which is based on mathematical ware MATLAB. Example analyses arepresented using both synthetic data and experimental results of NMR studies on the liquid samples like as oils and yoghurt.

Diffusion tensor imaging fiber tracking with reliable tracking orientation and flexible step size

We propose a method of reliable tracking orientation and flexible step size fiber tracking. A new directional strategy was defined to select one optimal tracking orientation from each directional set, which was based on the single-tensor model and the two-tensor model. The directional set of planar voxels contained three tracking directions： two from the two-tensor model and one from the single- tensor model. The directional set of linear voxels contained only one principal vector. In addition, a flexible step size, rather than fixable step sizes, was implemented to improve the accuracy of fiber tracking. We used two sets of human data to assess the performance of our method; one was from a healthy volunteer and the other from a patient with low-grade glioma. Results verified that our method was superior to the single-tensor Fiber Assignment by Continuous Tracking and the two-tensor eXtended Streamline Tractography for showing detailed images of fiber bundles.

Hybrid discrete-continuum model of tumor growth considering capillary points

A hybrid discrete-continuum model of tumor growth in the avascular phase considering capillary points is established. The influence of the position of capillary points on tumor growth is also studied by simulation. The results of the dynamic tumor growth and the distribution of oxygen, matrix-degrading enzymes, and extracellular matrixconcentration in the microenvironment with respect to time are shown by graphs. The relationships between different oxygenated environments and the numbers of surviving, dead, proliferative, and quiescent tumor cells are also investigated.

The Experimental Research on the Frameless Registration of DSA/CT Images

DSA images show vessels with clarity and CT images show bones distinctly. In this paper, we present an experimental research on the frameless registration of DSA/CT images based on localization algorithm. With four external markers, the vessels and bones in human brain can be integrated. The mean accuracy of simulated experiment is about 2.0 mm. The experiment proved that the 3D images composed cerebral anatomy and vasculature could help neurosurgeons perform accurate diagnosis and make right operation planning.

Adaptive Order Polynomial Fitting for Pulmonary Nodule Segmentation in Chest Radiograph

Segmentation of pulmonary nodules in chest radiographs is a particularly challenging task due to heavy noise and superposition of ribs,vessels,and other complicated anatomical structures in lung field. In this paper,an adaptive order polynomial fitting based raycasting algorithm is proposed for pulmonary nodule segmentation in chest radiographs. Instead of detecting nodule edge points directly,the nodule intensity profiles are first fitted by using the polynomials with adaptively determined orders. Then,the edge positions are identified through analyzing the local minimum of the fitted curves.The performance of the proposed algorithm was evaluated over an image database with 148 nodule cases in chest radiographs that were collected from a variety of digital radiograph modalities. The preliminary results show the proposed algorithm can obtain a high rate of successful segmentations.

Research on the Application of Wireless Network in Collecting Road Traffic Information

Due to the characteristics of variability and dispersion in traffic information, to get the reliable real-time traffic information has been a bottleneck in the development of intelligent transportation systems. However, with the development of wireless network technology and mobile Internet, the mobile phones are rapidly developed and more popular, so it is possible to get road traffic information by locating the mobile phones in vehicles. The system structure for the road traffic information collection is designed based on wireless network and mobile phones in vehicles, and the vehicle recognition and its information computation methods are given and discussed. Also the simulation is done for vehicle recognition and computation based on fuzzy cluster analysis method and the results are obtained and analyzed.

Identification of Eye Movements from Non-frontal Face Images for Eye-controlled Systems

The novel eye-based human-computer interaction(HCI) system aims to provide people, especially, disabled persons,a new way of communication with surroundings. It adopts a series of continual eye movements as input to perform simple control activities. Identification of eye movements is the crucial technology in these eye-based HCI systems. At present, researches on eye movement identification mainly focus on frontal face images. In fact, acquisition of non-frontal face images is more reasonable in real applications. In this paper, we discuss the identification process of eye movements from non-frontal face images. Firstly, the original head-shoulder images of 0?–±60?azimuths are sampled without any auxiliary light source. Secondly, the non-frontal face region is detected by using the Adaboost cascade classifiers. After that, we roughly extract eye windows by the integral projection function.Then, we propose a new method to calculate the x- y coordinates of the pupil center point by searching the minimal intensity value in the eye windows. According to the trajectory of the pupil center points, different eye movements(eye moving left, right, up or down)are successfully identified. A set of experiments is presented.

Electroencephalogram Features of Anxiety Relieving During Music Listening

With the fast-accelerating pace of life,most of the population is troubled by anxious feelings,or they even developed anxiety disorders,which affect their life qualities viciously.The current treatment is not without drawbacks,such as exhibiting slow or acute effects only.Music therapy has shown promising outcomes in significantly reducing tension and anxiety in many studies.To explore the underlying mechanism,we recruited 12 undergraduate student volunteers from Shanghai Jiao Tong University with habits of music listening.We explored the changes in the electroencephalogram(EEG)power spectrum both during and after listening to self-select favorite music,and the relation between EEG signals and anxiety-relieving during music listening.The results showed that the power of the band in the right parietal area was significantly higher in those who were self-report able to relax during music listening compared with those who could not get relaxed.We observed power increased in the right parietal area of self-reports,not able to relax while music playing.Also,a significant difference inband power in the left frontal area and band in the right frontal area before and after music listening was observed between high anxiety group and low anxiety group.These results imply that band activity in the left frontal area is associated with the anxiety-relieving capability of anxiety,which provides evidence for further elucidating the mechanism underlying anxiety-relieving during music listening.

Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Evaluation of the Clinical Effect in Post-hepatitic Cirrhosis based on Fuzzy Analysis

In view of the problem of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) diagnosis, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is introduced to the diagnosis and evaluation of the clinical effect of hepatitis. A new diagnosis and evaluation model of the TCM clinical effect standard was presented. The old disputed evaluation model by subjective analysis can be displaced by this objective method in its evaluation system. The foundation of this method is the fuzzy diagnosis model. This method has been realized to diagnose hepatitis and its values in practice has been validated through examples of clinical syndromes of post-hepatitic cirrhosis.

Upper Limb Musculo-Skeletal Model for Biomechanical Investigation of Elbow Flexion Movement

A biomechanical musculo-skeletal model of upper limb is presented in this paper,which can provide accurate representations of muscles and joints,and capture important interactions between joints.The upper limb model is made up of seven segments:ribs,sternum,clavicle,scapular,humerus,radius and ulna,considered as a single rigid body respectively and includes 22 muscles.The individual muscle forces can be calculated by using an electromyography (EMG) assisted method,which is verified by comparing the simulation results with other researches of an elbow flexion motion.These comparisons show that the muscle forces and the estimated joint moment match well with previous literatures.