The World Journal of Hepatology(WJH)was launched in October 2009.It mainly publishes articles reporting research findings in the field of hepatology,covering a wide range of topics,including viral hepatitis B and C,no...The World Journal of Hepatology(WJH)was launched in October 2009.It mainly publishes articles reporting research findings in the field of hepatology,covering a wide range of topics,including viral hepatitis B and C,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,alcoholic liver disease,autoimmune and chronic cholestatic liver disease,drug-induced liver injury,cirrhosis,liver failure,hepatocellular carcinoma,coronavirus disease 2019-related liver conditions,etc.As of December 31,2020,the WJH has published 1349 articles,among which,the total cites is 18995 and the average cites per article is 14.In celebrating the New Year,we are pleased to share with you special a New Year’s greeting from the WJH Editors-in-Chief,along with a detailed overview of the journal’s submission,peer review and publishing metrics from 2020.In all,we are appreciative for the substantive support and submissions from authors worldwide,and the dedicated efforts and expertise provided by our invited reviewers and editorial board members.展开更多
Recent progress in our understanding of the pathways linked to progression from hepatic insult to cirrhosis has led to numerous novel therapies being investigated as potential cures and inhibitors of hepatic fibrogene...Recent progress in our understanding of the pathways linked to progression from hepatic insult to cirrhosis has led to numerous novel therapies being investigated as potential cures and inhibitors of hepatic fibrogenesis. Liver cirrhosis is the final result of prolonged fibrosis, which is an intimate balance between fibrogenesis and fibrinolysis. A number of these complex mechanisms are shared across the various etiologies of liver disease. Thankfully, investigation has yielded some promising results in regard to reversal of fibrosis, particularly the indirect benefits associated with antiviral therapy for the treatment of hepatitis B and C and the farnesoid receptor agonist for the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis and metabolic associated fatty liver disease. A majority of current clinical research is focused on targeting metabolic associated fatty liver disease and its progression to metabolic steatohepatitis and ultimately cirrhosis, with some hope of potential standardized therapeutics in the near future. With our ever-evolving understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, these therapeutics focus on either controlling the primary disease(the initial trigger of fibrogenesis), interrupting receptor ligand interactions and other intracellular communications, inhibiting fibrogenesis, or even promoting resolution of fibrosis. It is imperative to thoroughly test these potential therapies with the rigorous standards of clinical therapeutic trials in order to ensure the highest standards of patient safety. In this article we will briefly review the key pathophysiological pathways that lead to liver fibrosis and present current clinical and experimental evidence that has shown reversibility of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, while commenting on therapeutic safety.展开更多
Hepatitis E virus(HEV)originally identified as a cause of acute icteric hepatitis in developing countries has grown to be a cause of zoonotic viral hepatitis in developed countries such as the United States.While ther...Hepatitis E virus(HEV)originally identified as a cause of acute icteric hepatitis in developing countries has grown to be a cause of zoonotic viral hepatitis in developed countries such as the United States.While there are eight identified genotypes to date,genotype 1(HEV1),HEV2,HEV3,HEV4 are the most common to infect humans.HEV1 and HEV2 are most common in developing countries including Latina America,Africa and Asia,and are commonly transmitted through contaminated water supplies leading to regional outbreaks.In contrast HEV3 and HEV4 circulate freely in many mammalian animals and can lead to occasional transmission to humans through fecal contamination or consumption of undercooked meat.The incidence and prevalence of HEV in the United States is undetermined given the absence of FDA approved serological assays and the lack of commercially available testing.In majority of cases,HEV infection is a selflimiting hepatitis requiring only symptomatic treatment.However,this is not the case in immunocompromised individuals,including those that have undergone solid organ or stem cell transplantation.In this subset of patients,chronic infection can be life threatening as hepatic insult can lead to inflammation and fibrosis with subsequent cirrhosis and death.The need for re-transplantation as a result of post-transplant hepatitis is of great concern.In addition,there have been many reported incidents of extrahepatic manifestations,for which the exact mechanisms remain to be elucidated.The cornerstone of treatment in immunocompromised solid organ transplant recipients is reduction of immunosuppressive therapies,while attempting to minimize the risk of organ rejection.Subsequent treatment options include ribavirin,and pegylated interferon alpha in those who have demonstrated ribavirin resistance.Further investigation assessing safety and efficacy of anti-viral therapy is imperative given the rising global health burden.Given this concern,vaccination has been approved in China with other investigations underway throughout the world.In this review we introduce the epidemiology,diagnosis,clinical manifestations,and treatment of HEV,with emphasis on immunocompromised individuals in the United States.展开更多
No standardized description or definition of post-hepatectomy liver failure has been introduced.Definitions based on the degree of rise in serum total bilirubin or prolongation of prothrombin time postoperatively were...No standardized description or definition of post-hepatectomy liver failure has been introduced.Definitions based on the degree of rise in serum total bilirubin or prolongation of prothrombin time postoperatively were predictive of shortterm mortality.Due to lack of universal definition,however,its prevalence is variable but may reach up to 12%posthepatectomy,according to the definition by International Study Group of Liver Surgery,and or 34%,as in some reports.展开更多
文摘The World Journal of Hepatology(WJH)was launched in October 2009.It mainly publishes articles reporting research findings in the field of hepatology,covering a wide range of topics,including viral hepatitis B and C,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,alcoholic liver disease,autoimmune and chronic cholestatic liver disease,drug-induced liver injury,cirrhosis,liver failure,hepatocellular carcinoma,coronavirus disease 2019-related liver conditions,etc.As of December 31,2020,the WJH has published 1349 articles,among which,the total cites is 18995 and the average cites per article is 14.In celebrating the New Year,we are pleased to share with you special a New Year’s greeting from the WJH Editors-in-Chief,along with a detailed overview of the journal’s submission,peer review and publishing metrics from 2020.In all,we are appreciative for the substantive support and submissions from authors worldwide,and the dedicated efforts and expertise provided by our invited reviewers and editorial board members.
文摘Recent progress in our understanding of the pathways linked to progression from hepatic insult to cirrhosis has led to numerous novel therapies being investigated as potential cures and inhibitors of hepatic fibrogenesis. Liver cirrhosis is the final result of prolonged fibrosis, which is an intimate balance between fibrogenesis and fibrinolysis. A number of these complex mechanisms are shared across the various etiologies of liver disease. Thankfully, investigation has yielded some promising results in regard to reversal of fibrosis, particularly the indirect benefits associated with antiviral therapy for the treatment of hepatitis B and C and the farnesoid receptor agonist for the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis and metabolic associated fatty liver disease. A majority of current clinical research is focused on targeting metabolic associated fatty liver disease and its progression to metabolic steatohepatitis and ultimately cirrhosis, with some hope of potential standardized therapeutics in the near future. With our ever-evolving understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, these therapeutics focus on either controlling the primary disease(the initial trigger of fibrogenesis), interrupting receptor ligand interactions and other intracellular communications, inhibiting fibrogenesis, or even promoting resolution of fibrosis. It is imperative to thoroughly test these potential therapies with the rigorous standards of clinical therapeutic trials in order to ensure the highest standards of patient safety. In this article we will briefly review the key pathophysiological pathways that lead to liver fibrosis and present current clinical and experimental evidence that has shown reversibility of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, while commenting on therapeutic safety.
文摘Hepatitis E virus(HEV)originally identified as a cause of acute icteric hepatitis in developing countries has grown to be a cause of zoonotic viral hepatitis in developed countries such as the United States.While there are eight identified genotypes to date,genotype 1(HEV1),HEV2,HEV3,HEV4 are the most common to infect humans.HEV1 and HEV2 are most common in developing countries including Latina America,Africa and Asia,and are commonly transmitted through contaminated water supplies leading to regional outbreaks.In contrast HEV3 and HEV4 circulate freely in many mammalian animals and can lead to occasional transmission to humans through fecal contamination or consumption of undercooked meat.The incidence and prevalence of HEV in the United States is undetermined given the absence of FDA approved serological assays and the lack of commercially available testing.In majority of cases,HEV infection is a selflimiting hepatitis requiring only symptomatic treatment.However,this is not the case in immunocompromised individuals,including those that have undergone solid organ or stem cell transplantation.In this subset of patients,chronic infection can be life threatening as hepatic insult can lead to inflammation and fibrosis with subsequent cirrhosis and death.The need for re-transplantation as a result of post-transplant hepatitis is of great concern.In addition,there have been many reported incidents of extrahepatic manifestations,for which the exact mechanisms remain to be elucidated.The cornerstone of treatment in immunocompromised solid organ transplant recipients is reduction of immunosuppressive therapies,while attempting to minimize the risk of organ rejection.Subsequent treatment options include ribavirin,and pegylated interferon alpha in those who have demonstrated ribavirin resistance.Further investigation assessing safety and efficacy of anti-viral therapy is imperative given the rising global health burden.Given this concern,vaccination has been approved in China with other investigations underway throughout the world.In this review we introduce the epidemiology,diagnosis,clinical manifestations,and treatment of HEV,with emphasis on immunocompromised individuals in the United States.
文摘No standardized description or definition of post-hepatectomy liver failure has been introduced.Definitions based on the degree of rise in serum total bilirubin or prolongation of prothrombin time postoperatively were predictive of shortterm mortality.Due to lack of universal definition,however,its prevalence is variable but may reach up to 12%posthepatectomy,according to the definition by International Study Group of Liver Surgery,and or 34%,as in some reports.
