Research on fractal characteristics of primary phase morphology in semi-solid A356 alloy

Semi-solid slurry of A356 alloy was prepared by low superheat pouring and slightly electromagnetic stirring, and the fractal characteristics of morphology in semi-solid primary phase was researched. The fractal dimensions of primary phase morphology in the semi-solid A356 alloy were calculated by the program written to calculate the fractal dimensions of box-counting in the image of solid phase morphology in semi-solid metal slurry. The results indicated that the morphology of primary phase in semi-solid A356 prepared by low superheat pouring and slightly electromagnetic stirring is characterized by fractal dimension, and the primary phase morphology obtained by the different processing parameters has different fractal dimensions. The morphology of primary phase at the different position of ingot has different fractal dimensions, which reflected the effect of solidified conditions at different positions in the same ingot on the morphology of semi-solid primary phase. Solidification of semi-solid alloy is a course of change in fractal dimension.

Effect of pouring temperature on fractal dimension of primary phase morphology in semi-solid A356 alloy

The fractal dimensions of primary phase morphology in semi-solid A356 alloy prepared by low superheat pouring and slightly electromagnetic stirring were calculated,and the effect of pouring temperature on fractal dimension of primary phase morphology in semi-solid A356 alloy was researched.The results indicate that it is feasible to prepare semisolid A356 alloy slurry by low superheat pouring and slightly electromagnetic stirring,and there is an important effect of pouring temperature on the morphology and the grain size of the primary phase in semi-solid A356 alloy,in which the reduction of pouring temperature can obviously improve grain size and shape factor of primary phase in semi-solid A356 alloy under the condition of a certain stirring power.The primary phase morphology of semi-solid A356 alloy prepared by low superheat pouring and slightly electromagnetic stirring can be characterized by fractal dimension,and the primary phase morphology obtained by the different processing parameters has the different fractal dimensions.Solidification of semi-solid alloy is a course of change in fractal dimension.

Preparation of AZ91D Slurries for Semi-Solid Forming Using Al8 ( Mn, Fe) 5 Precipitates

During the solidification of the AZ91D-alloys, the Al8(Mn, Fe)5 phase is generally precipitated in the melt in advance of the precipitation of the primary α-Mg. The basic principle for manufacturing AZ91D-alloy slurries for semi solid forming is to use the Al8(Mn, Fe)5 precipitates as the heterogeneous nucleation sites for primary α-Mg phases. Microscopic analysis for the location of the Al8(Mn, Fe)5 precipitate explains that the Al8(Mn, Fe)5 precipitate is the effective heterogeneous nucleation site for the primary α-Mg phase. It was also observed that increase of the Mn content in the melt and the cooling rate below to the solid/liquid two-phase region resulted in smaller and more globular primary α-Mg due to the increase of heterogeneous nucleation sites. It was found that the average α-Mg diameter grew as a function of t0.278, where t is the holding time at the solid/liquid two-phase region. This would be attributed to the Ostwald type ripening and coalescence between primary α-Mg phases. The cooling rate below to the solid/liquid two-phase region, Mn content in AZ91D alloy, and the holding time and temperature affected on the quality of slurry.

Selective catalytic NO_x reduction on Antimony promoted V_2O_5-Sb/TiO_2 catalyst

Quantum chemical calculation was carried out to choose a promoter which can reduce the poisoning of V2O5/TiO2 catalysts by SO2. Several atoms were chosen as candidates and new catalysts were synthesized by impregnation method. The NOx conversion rate was measured at temperatures between 100 and 400 ℃ and poisoning effect was investigated. The most promising candidate promoter, Se, was excluded because of its high vapor pressure. On the other hand, Sb shows best promoting properties. Sb promoted catalyst reaches the maximum NOx conversion rate at 250 ℃. It also shows considerably enhanced resistance to poisoning of V2O5/TiO2 catalysts by SO2.

Study on SCR De NO_x mechanism through in situ electrical conductivity measurements on V_2O_5-WO_3/TiO_2 catalysts

V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalysts were prepared by impregnation method and in situ electrical conductivity measurements were carried out to investigate the reaction mechanism for ammonia SCR (selective catalytic reduction) of NOx. The electrical conductivity change with ammonia supply and the increase of electrical conductivity were mainly caused by reduction of the labile surface oxygen. The electrical conductivity change of catalysts shows close relationship with the conversion rate of NOx. Variation of conversion rate in atmosphere without gaseous oxygen also supports that the labile lattice oxygen is indispensable in the initial stage of the de NOx reaction. These results suggest that the liable lattice oxygen acts decisive role in the de NOx mechanism. They also support that De NOx reaction occurs through the Eley-Rideal type mechanism. The amount of labile oxygen can be estimated from the measurement of electrical conductivity change for catalysts with ammonia supply.

Characterization on morphology evolution of primary phase in semisolid A356 under slightly electromagnetic stirring

The effects of slight electromagnetic stirring on morphology of primary phase in semisolid A356 prepared by low superheat pouring and slight electromagnetic stirring were researched,and some characteristic parameters characterized the morphology and grain size of the primary phase were calculated.The results indicate that the stirring power has an important effect on the morphology and the grain size.The characteristics of the morphology could be characterized by the fractal dimensions and the shape factors.The fractal dimension and the shape factor change when the morphology changes with processing conditions.Both increase with the increase of the stirring power,but the fractal dimension is still affected by the grain size.The increase of stirring power could obviously improve the grain size,fractal dimension and shape factor of the primary phase.

Refining mechanism of yttrium on primary α-Al in semi-solid Al alloy

Semi-solid Al7Si0.3Mg alloy slurry, which is grain-refined by yttrium, is manufactured by low temperature pouring. The effects of grain-refined by yttrium on the morphology and the grain size of the primary α-Al in semi-solid Al7Si0.3Mg alloy are researched. The results indicate that semi-solid Al7Si0.3Mg alloy with particle-like and rosette-like primary α-Al can be prepared by low temperature pouring from liquid Al7Si0.3Mg alloy grain-refined by yttrium. The grain size and particle morphology of primary α-Al in Al7Si0.3Mg alloy are markedly improved by 0.5 wt pet Y. The refining mechanism of Y on the morphology and the grain size of the primary α-Al in semi-solid Al7Si0.3Mg alloy are delved.