Suppressive effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells:A narrative review of the influence of exercise mode,volume,and intensity

Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide,and the incidence is increasing,highlighting the need for effective strategies to treat this disease.Exercise has emerged as fundamental therapeutic medicine in the management of cancer,associated with a lower risk of recur-rence and increased survival.Several avenues of research demonstrate reduction in growth,proliferation,and increased apoptosis of cancer cells,including breast,prostate,colorectal,and lung cancer,when cultured by serum collected after exercise in vitro(i.e.,the cultivation of cancer cell lines in an experimental setting,which simplifies the biological system and provides mechanistic insight into cell responses).The underlying mechanisms of exercise-induced cancer suppressive effects may be attributed to the alteration in circulating factors,such as skeletal muscle-induced cytokines(i.e.,myokines)and hormones.However,exercise-induced tumor suppressive effects and detailed information about training interventions are not well investigated,constraining more precise application of exercise medicine within clinical oncology.To date,it remains unclear what role different training modes(i.e.,resistance and aerobic training)as well as volume and intensity have on exercise-condi-tioned serum and its effects on cancer cells.Nevertheless,the available evidence is that a single bout of aerobic training at moderate to vigorous intensity has cancer suppressive effects,while for chronic training interventions,exercise volume appears to be an influential candidate driving cancer inhibitory effects regardless of training mode.Insights for future research investigating training modes,volume and intensity are provided to further our understanding of the effects of exercise-conditioned serum on cancer cells.

Exercise training mode effects on myokine expression in healthy adults:A systematic review with meta-analysis

Background:The benefits of exercise are well known;however,many of the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood.Skeletal muscle secretes myokines,which mediate muscleorgan crosstalk.Myokines regulate satellite-cell proliferation and migration,inflammatory cascade,insulin secretion,angiogenesis,fatty oxidation,and cancer suppression.To date,the effects of different exercise modes(namely,aerobic and resistance exercise)on myokine response remain to be elucidated.This is crucial considering the clinical implementation of exercise to enhance general health and wellbeing and as a medical treatment.Methods:A systematic search was undertaken in PubMed,MEDLINE,CINAHL,Embase,SPORTDiscus,andWeb of Science in April 2023.Eligible studies examining the effects of a single bout of exercise on interleukin15(IL-15),irisin,secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine(SPARC),oncostatinM(OSM),and decorin were included.A random-effects meta-analysis was also undertaken to quantify the magnitude of change.Results:Sixty-two studies were included(n=1193).Overall,exercise appeared to induce small to large increases in myokine expression,with effects observed immediately after to 60 min post-exercise,although these were mostly not statistically significant.Both aerobic and resistance exercise resulted in changes in myokine levels,without any significant difference between training modes,and with the magnitude of change differing across myokines.Myokine levels returned to baseline levels within 180 min to 24 h post-exercise.However,owing to potential sources of heterogeneity,most changes were not statistically significant,indicating that precise conclusions cannot be drawn.Conclusion:Knowledge is limited but expanding with respect to the impact of overall and specific effects of exercise on myokine expression at different time points in the systemic circulation.Further research is required to investigate the effects of different exercise modes at multiple time points on myokine response.

Response of Rice Growth and Nutrient Absorption in a SalineAlkali Paddy to Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Applications

Nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and carbon(C)are essential nutrients for rice growth and development,but the response of nutrient absorption by rice plants to different types of nitrogen fertilizer(N-fertilizer)under saline-alkali conditions is unclear.This study conducted a 147-day field-scale experiment to evaluate rice biomass and nutrient absorption capacity with five N-fertilizer applications.The results showed that the biomass.

Assessment of Renal Erythropoietic Status of the Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Patients without Renal Impairment in Benin City, Nigeria

Diabetes mellitus is a carbohydrate metabolism disorder which is caused due to impairment in insulin secretion and/or the activity of insulin, leading to chronic hyperglycemia with defective carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. This study aimed at assessing the erythropoietin (EPO), hemoglobin and renal parameters levels among the newly diagnosed diabetic patients and providing valuable insights into the management and progression of the disease. A case-control study was conducted on samples of 60 consenting participants including newly diagnosed diabetic patients (n − 30), and healthy controls (n − 30) of age ranging between 20 - 50 years. EPO level was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the renal parameters (electrolytes) were measured using Ion-Selective Electrodes. Hemoglobin, urea and creatinine were measured using cyanmethemoglobin and colorimetric methods respectively under standard protocols. Demographic and clinical data, including age, gender, diabetes duration, iron rich diet consumption, medication history and family history were collected via questionnaires. Independent sample t-test indicated significantly higher mean hemoglobin (p < 0.05), packed cell volume (p = 0.05) and fasting blood glucose (p < 0.001) in newly diagnosed diabetic patients compared with their healthy control. No significant differences were observed in EPO, creatinine, urea, potassium, bicarbonate, sodium, and chloride between the two groups. In this study, the values of haemoglobin, packed cell volume, EPO and all renal biomarkers were normal, this may be due to the early diagnosis of the disease. It also suggests the extensive capacity of the kidney which is able to withstand metabolic disturbances in the newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus condition. Routine medical check and lifestyle modification are recommended to a newly diagnosed diabetic patients. Also further research is warranted to explore the clinical implications of these assessments in predicting diabetes complications, disease progression and guiding therapeutic interventions.

Time to consider the potential role of alternative resistance training methods in cancer management?

Exercise has emerged as fundamental therapeutic medicine in the management of cancer.Exercise improves health-related outcomes,including quality of life,neuromuscular strength,physical function,and body composition,and it is associated with a lower risk of disease recurrence and increased survival.Moreover,exercise during or post cancer treatments is safe,can ameliorate treatment-related side effects,and may enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiation therapy.To date,traditional resistance training(RT)is the most used RT modality in exercise oncology.However,alternative training modes,such as eccentric,cluster set,and blood flow restriction are gaining increased attention.These training modalities have been extensively investigated in both athletic and clinical populations(e.g.,age-related frailty,cardiovascular disease,type 2 diabetes),showing considerable benefits in terms of neuromuscular strength,hypertrophy,body composition,and physical function.However,these training modes have only been partially or not at all investigated in cancer populations.Thus,this study outlines the benefits of these alternative RT methods in patients with cancer.Where evidence in cancer populations is sparse,we provide a robust rationale for the possible implementation of certain RT methods that have shown positive results in other clinical populations.Finally,we provide clinical insights for research that may guide future RT investigations in patients with cancer and suggest clear practical applications for targeted cancer populations and related benefits.

Flood Vulnerability Mapping: A Case Study of Okoko Basin, Osogbo

This study employed Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing approach to analyze the flood vulnerability areas in the Okoko basin area of Osogbo in Osun state, Southwestern Nigeria. High-resolution imageries, a Topographic map of the study area and a TCX software program (Version 2.0) were integrated using ArcGis (10.7). Some of the causative factors for flooding in the watershed were taken into account which are: Land use, Distance of buildings to drainage, Digital Elevation Model, and Slope. This study aimed at mapping the flood-vulnerable areas along the Okoko basin of Osogbo. In developing a flood risk/flood hazard map of the study area, and determining the level of expected disaster, a multi-criteria analysis was utilized. The factors considered were ranked in five classes with the highly vulnerable areas having the highest score of “5”. These factors were weighed according to the estimated significance of causing flooding. The study revealed that the study area has an estimated area of 17.85 km2 of which 14.2 km2 falls within the vulnerable areas while 3.6 km2 is on the least vulnerable areas. Moreover, out of 16,829 buildings in the study area, 8204 buildings were found susceptible to flood disasters. This research attempts to equip decision-makers to make accurate decisions and also serves as a mitigation measure for flood disaster management.

改进萤火虫算法及其在全局优化问题中的应用

针对标准萤火虫算法容易陷入局部最优的问题,本文提出一种改进的萤火虫算法。在标准萤火虫算法的位置移动公式中,利用指数分布和韦伯分布对吸引力项进行改进,以增强算法的全局探测能力;同时利用步长单调递减模式对随机项进行改进,以增强算法后期的局部挖掘能力。通过13个测试函数对本文提出的改进算法、模拟退火算法、粒子群算法和差分进化算法进行算法性能的比较。实验结果表明,本文提出的改进算法能较好地平衡算法的全局探测能力和局部挖掘能力,使算法跳出局部最优,从而提高算法的收敛速度和精度。

Recent advances in arsenic trioxide encapsulated nanoparticles as drug delivery agents to solid cancers

Since arsenic trioxide was first approved as the front line therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia 25 years ago,its anti-cancer properties for various malignancies have been under intense investigation.However,the clinical successes of arsenic trioxide in treating hematological cancers have not been translated to solid cancers.This is due to arsenic＇s rapid clearance by the body＇s immune system before reaching the tumor site.Several attempts have henceforth been made to increase its bioavailability toward solid cancers without increasing its dosage albeit without much success.This review summarizes the past and current utilization of arsenic trioxide in the medical field with primary focus on the implementation of nanotechnology for arsenic trioxide delivery to solid cancer cells.Different approaches that have been employed to increase arsenic＇s efficacy,specificity and bioavailability to solid cancer cells were evaluated and compared.The potential of combining different approaches or tailoring delivery vehicles to target specific types of solid cancers according to individual cancer characteristics and arsenic chemistry is proposed and discussed.

Intrusion detection and prevention system for an IoT environment

Internet of Things(IoT)security is the act of securing IoT devices and networks.IoT devices,including industrial machines,smart energy grids,and building automation,are extremely vulnerable.With the goal of shielding network systems from illegal access in cloud servers and IoT systems,Intrusion Detection Systems(IDSs)and Network-based Intrusion Prevention Systems(NBIPSs)are proposed in this study.An intrusion prevention system is proposed to realize NBIPS to safeguard top to bottom engineering.The proposed NBIPS inspects network activity streams to identify and counteract misuse instances.The NBIPS is usually located specifically behind a firewall,and it provides a reciprocal layer of investigation that adversely chooses unsafe substances.Networkbased IPS sensors can be installed either in an inline or a passive model.An inline sensor is installed to monitor the traffic passing through it.The sensors are installed to stop attacks by blocking the traffic using an IoT signature-based protocol.

Modeling and validating three dimensional human normal cervix and cervical cancer tissues in vitro

The use of three dimensional in vitro systems in cancer research is a promising path for developing effective anticancer therapies.The aim of this study was to engineer a functional 3-D in vitro model of normal and cancerous cervical tissue.Normal epithelial and immortalized cervical epithelial carcinoma cell lines were used to construct 3-D artificial normal cervical and cervical cancerous tissues.De-epidermised dermis（DED） was used as a scaffold for both models.Morphological analyses were conducted by using hematoxylin and eosin staining and characteristics of the models were studied by analyzing the expression of different structural cytokeratins and differential protein marker MAX dimerisation protein 1（Mad1） using immunohistochemical technique.Haematoxylin and eosin staining results showed that normal cervical tissue had multi epithelial layers while cancerous cervical tissue showed dysplastic changes.Immunohistochemistry staining revealed that for normal cervix model cytokeratin 10 was expressed in the upper stratified layer of the epithelium while cytokeratin 5 was expressed mainly in the middle and basal layer.Cytokeratin 19 was weakly expressed in a few basal cells.Cervical cancer model showed cytokeratin 19 expression in different epithelial layers and weak or no expression for cytokeratin 5 and cytokeratin 10.Madl expression was detected in some suprabasal cells.The 3-D in vitro models showed stratified epithelial layers and expressed the same types and patterns of differentiation marker proteins as seen in corresponding in vivo tissue in either normal cervical or cervical cancerous tissue.These findings imply that they can serve as functional normal and cervical cancer models.

Use of steroids for facial nerve paralysis after parotidectomy:A systematic review

AIM: To systematically review the literature to assess the efficacy of corticosteroids in treating postparotidectomy facial nerve palsy(FNP). METHODS: We searched the Cochrane library, EMBASE and MEDLINE(from inception to 2014) for studies assessing the use of corticosteroids in post-parotidectomy FNP. Studies were assessed for inclusion and quality. Data was extracted from included studies. RESULTS: Two randomised controlled trials met the inclusion criteria. One study assessed the use of dexamethasone and the other prednisolone. None of the studies demonstrated a significant difference in the outcome of FNP post-parotidectomy with the use of corticosteroids vs no therapy. The majority of FNP postparotidectomy is transient. Preoperative factors(size of tumour and malignancy), intraoperative factors(extent of parotidectomy and integrity of facial nerve at the end of the operation) are important in determining prognosis of FNP if it does occur.CONCLUSION: Corticosteroids do not appear to improve FNP prognosis post-parotidectomy. Further studies assessing patients by cohort and with long term followup are required to increase scientific evidence.

Research on Trust Model in Container-Based Cloud Service

Container virtual technology aims to provide program independence and resource sharing.The container enables flexible cloud service.Compared with traditional virtualization,traditional virtual machines have difficulty in resource and expense requirements.The container technology has the advantages of smaller size,faster migration,lower resource overhead,and higher utilization.Within container-based cloud environment,services can adopt multi-target nodes.This paper reports research results to improve the traditional trust model with consideration of cooperation effects.Cooperation trust means that in a container-based cloud environment,services can be divided into multiple containers for different container nodes.When multiple target nodes work for one service at the same time,these nodes are in a cooperation state.When multi-target nodes cooperate to complete the service,the target nodes evaluate each other.The calculation of cooperation trust evaluation is used to update the degree of comprehensive trust.Experimental simulation results show that the cooperation trust evaluation can help solving the trust problem in the container-based cloud environment and can improve the success rate of following cooperation.

Historical Evolution of Mariculture in China During Past 40 Years and Its Impacts on Eco-environment

The rapid development of mariculture in China in recent decades has satisfied people's demand of seafood, and has made a great contribution to economic development. However, mariculture has also caused some negative impacts on the eco-environment. By statistically analyzing national data(as well as data for four main provinces) regarding the mariculture area and cultivation species in China since reform and opening up, the historical evolution of mariculture during the past 40 years was analyzed, the driving factors related to policy, market and technology innovation were discussed, and the potential impacts of mariculture on the coastal eco-environment were also illustrated. The statistical results indicated that the maricultural area increased radically during the past 40 years, from 1979(116.47 × 10~3 ha) to 2012(2205.65 × 10~3 ha), with an increase of nearly 20-fold. Shandong Province represented the fastest-growing region, with an increase of 31-fold. Moreover, the cultivated species had gradually become diversified. Initially, shellfish and algae were major species, and then it developed to various species including fish, and currently shellfish and crustaceans were the major species. The development of mariculture was driven by government policies, market economy and technology innovation. Rapid development of mariculture also caused significantly adverse impacts on the eco-environment of the coastal regions. For example, the sea reclamation for mariculture decreased the area and function of coastal wetlands and the contaminants originating from mariculture destroyed the coastal aquatic environment. Fortunately, the implementation of ‘13 th Five-Year Fisheries Planning' is expected to help both improve the seafood quality and reduce the contamination in coastal aquatic environment. This current study will provide reference for management and structure adjustment of mariculture in the future.

Analytic provenance for criminal intelligence analysis

In criminal intelligence domain where solution discovery is often serendipitous,it demands techniques to provide transparent evidences of top-down and bottom-up analytical processes of analysts while sifting through or transforming sourced data to provide plausible explanation of the fact.Management and tracing of such security sensitive analytical information flow originated from tightly coupled visualizations into visual analytic system for criminal intelligence that triggers huge amount of analytical information on a single click,involves design and development challenges.In this research paper,we have introduced a system called"PROV"to capture,visualize and utilize analytical information named as analytic provenance by considering such challenges.A video demonstrating its features is available online at https://streamable.com/r8mlx.Prior to develop this system for criminal intelligence analysis,we conducted a systematic research to outline the requirements and technical challenges.We gathered such information from real police intelligence analysts through multiple sessions who are the end users of a large heterogeneous event-driven modular Analyst’s User Interface(AUI)of the project VALCRI(Visual Analytics for Sensemaking in Criminal Intelligence),developed by using visual analytic technique.We have proposed a semantic analytic state composition technique to trigger new insight by schematizing captured reasoning states.To evaluate the system we carried out few subjective feedback sessions with the end-users of the project and found very positive feedback.We also have tested our event triggered analytic state capturing protocol with an external geospatial and temporal crime analysis system and found that our proposed technique works generically for both small and large complex visual analytic systems.

Methods and Tools Supporting Urban Resilience Planning: Experiences from Cork, Ireland

To prevent flood disasters, policymakers call for resilient cities which are better able to cope with flood hazards. However, actual adoption of resilience measures in urban planning is still limited, partly because it is not sufficiently clear how and to what extent resilience should and can be enhanced. To develop resilience strategies, information on the current resilience and on the effects of measures should be available. Since cities are complex systems, an assessment of resilience requires the input of different actors. To obtain and combine this input, a comprehensive approach which brings together many actors is required. Furthermore, resilience must be integrated in planning frameworks in order to enhance adoption by city policy makers. Tools which support and structure the contribution of different disciplines and actors will help to obtain information on the current resilience and to develop a shared vision on measures to enhance urban resilience. We illustrate our view with an example on Cork, Ireland.

早产双胎中头颅扫描异常与绒毛膜、出生体重不协调的关系

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of ultrasonographically detected cerebral white matter lesions (WMLs) in preterm twins at birth in relation to chorionicity, discordant weight and twin- twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). Methods: In this retrospective study, perinatal, neonatal, and cranial scan data of 85 monochorionic (MC) and 94 dichorionic (DC) twin pregnancies (341 infants) delivered between 24 and 34 weeks of gestation were collected. Data were analysed according to chorionicity, discordant birth weight (>20% ), single intrauterine death and TTTS. Results: The cerebral WML was seen in 14% of preterm twins. Monochorionic infants had higher risks of WML than DC twin (odds ratio 7.1; 95% CI 3.28- 15.8). In MC group, discordant weight (37% )- , TTTS (38% ), single intrauterine death (67% ) had higher incidence of cerebral WML than concordant weight infants (7% ). Similarly, incidence of WML was higher in DC discordant compared with concordant weight infants (13% versus 2% ; P <.0.05). Conclusion: Monochorionic infants had a seven- fold higher incidence of cerebral WML than DC infants. Discordant birth weight, TTTS and survivor of co- twin demise are an independent risk of cerebral white matter lesion.

A Very Compact Circular Adaptive Array for New Generation Mobile Commercial Receivers

The antenna is a receiver’s component that collects electromagnetic waves from various directions. The rationale behind focusing on the circular array is that its tuning ensures that the receiver processes the desired signal only, while rejecting the unwanted interference. This can only be achieved by a directional external antenna that is large in size and must be steered mechanically in the desired direction. As this arrangement is not practical, smart antennae have been proposed as an alternative. A circular phased array can produce a predicted radiation pattern, whereby it receives maximum energy from the desired direction without the need for mechanical control. Owing to these characteristics, phased arrays exhibit high gain as well as immunity to interference, making them ideal for use in high interference environments. This combination would ensure that it could be incorporated into a commercial deck receiver or installed on vehicles.

Performance Analysis of Listed Companies in the UAE-Using DEA Malmquist Index Approach

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is becoming an increasingly popular tool for assessing the relative performance of industries and companies. By applying DEA theory to the non-financial sector, the relative efficiency of 27 listed corporations in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has been analyzed in this paper. The focus of the study has been on the impact of the financial crisis and the recovery thereafter. Further, the productivity change was decomposed into technical efficiency change and technological change by using the non-parametric Malmquist Productivity Index (MPI) over the period from 2007 to 2014. Based on Malmquist analysis, we find that the most efficient industries during the post-crisis period were food and beverages, telecommunication and pharmaceuticals. In contrast, the sectors that were adversely affected by the crisis were services, real estate, construction and cements. The break-up of the TFP indicated that the efficiency indices in the top performing industries were driven by technological improvements or frontier effects. The top-performing companies in the UAE during the 2007-14 period demonstrated innovation-led growth, aided by the use of better technology, investments in capital equipment, and adoption of new production processes.

Improved Density Peaking Algorithm for Community Detection Based on Graph Representation Learning

There is a large amount of information in the network data that we canexploit. It is difficult for classical community detection algorithms to handle network data with sparse topology. Representation learning of network data is usually paired with clustering algorithms to solve the community detection problem.Meanwhile, there is always an unpredictable distribution of class clusters outputby graph representation learning. Therefore, we propose an improved densitypeak clustering algorithm (ILDPC) for the community detection problem, whichimproves the local density mechanism in the original algorithm and can betteraccommodate class clusters of different shapes. And we study the communitydetection in network data. The algorithm is paired with the benchmark modelGraph sample and aggregate (GraphSAGE) to show the adaptability of ILDPCfor community detection. The plotted decision diagram shows that the ILDPCalgorithm is more discriminative in selecting density peak points compared tothe original algorithm. Finally, the performance of K-means and other clusteringalgorithms on this benchmark model is compared, and the algorithm is proved tobe more suitable for community detection in sparse networks with the benchmarkmodel on the evaluation criterion F1-score. The sensitivity of the parameters ofthe ILDPC algorithm to the low-dimensional vector set output by the benchmarkmodel GraphSAGE is also analyzed.