Prevention and treatment technologies of railway tunnel water inrush and mud gushing in China

Water inrush and mud gushing are one of the biggest hazards in tunnel construction. Unfavorable geological sections can be observed in almost all railway tunnels under construction or to be constructed, and vary in extent. Furthermore, due to the different heights of mountains and the lengths of tunnels, the locations of the unfavorable geological sections cannot be fully determined before construction, which increases the risk of water inrush and mud gushing. Based on numerous cases of water inrush and mud gushing in railway tunnels, the paper tries to classify water inrush and mud gushing in railway tunnels in view of the conditions of the surrounding rocks and meteorological factors associated with tunnel excavation. In addition, the causes of water inrush and mud gushing in combination of macroand micromechanisms are summarized, and site-specifc treatment method is put forward. The treatment methods include choosing a method of advance geological forecast according to risk degrees of different sections in the tunnel, determining the items of predictions, and choosing the appropriate methods, i.e. draining-oriented method, blocking-oriented method or draining-and-blocking method. The treatment technologies of railway water inrush and mud gushing are also summarized, including energy relief and pressure relief technology, advance grouting technology, and advance jet grouting technology associated with their key technical features and applicable conditions. The results in terms of treatment methods can provide reference to the prevention and treatment of tunnel water inrush and mud gushing.

System integration and innovation of operating 20 kt combined heavy-haul train on Datong-Qinhuangdao line

Datong-Qinhuangdao line, as the first electrified double-track heavy-haul line dedicated to coal transport in China, extends from Datong in the west, and reaches Qinhuangdao in the east, opened to traffic in December, 1992, totaling 653 km with the designed annual traffic volume of 1×108 t. In order to meet the demands of national economic development, the transport capacity of the line must be enhanced greatly. Depending on independent innovation, MOR, for the first time in the world,realizes the integration between GSM-R and Locotrol, the integration between 800 MHz digital radio and Locotrol, and the integration between a single set of Locotrol and SS4 locomotive. Meanwhile, CR develops equipment portfolio for heavy-haul through combining 2 high power locomotives of HXD series (means harmony) with controllable EOT. Relying on integration and innovation, it succeeds in operating 20 kt-level combined heavy-haul train on Datong-Qinhuangdao line, which tripled the annual traffic volume of the line from 1×108 t in 2002 to 3×108 t in 2007.

EFFECT OF MASSOTHERAPY ON THE IN V IVO FREE RADICAL METABOLISM IN PATIENTS WITH PROLAPSE OF LUMBAR INTER VERTEBRAL DISC AND CERVICAL SPONDYLOPATHY

The endogenous free radical scavenger superoxide dismutase (SOD) and blood catalase (CAT) in 2 groups of patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc and cervical spondylopathy were lower than that of the healthy control group, while the -SH reflecting the metabolic disturbance of free radical was higher. After massotherapy, blood SOD and CAT were increased, while lipid peroxide (LPO), -SH in urine were decreased, demon-strating that there are distinct parallel relationships existing in the changes of these enzymes in blood and urine.

Design of Hygienic Support System & Research of Correlative Technology during Qinghai-Tibet Railway Operation

According to 4 aspects, including effect of plateau climate and environment on human health, epidemic characteristics of natural focal disease on Qinghai-Tibet plateau, supplying condition of drinking water resources and managing mode of Qinghai-Tibet railway operation, this paper does research on main facing problems of hygienic support work during Qinghai-Tibet railway operation. It also represents if hygienic support work needs to reach zero death object, it must follow up the overall thinking that people oriented, management centric, equipment as base and environment as condition. It makes design of stratification and structure of hygienic support system, and makes a detailed discussion of mutual dependent relations, status and effect of each factor existed in stratification and structure. It discusses the key technologies and presents suggestions. The key technologies include checkup appraisal mode used for plateau traveling staffs to ensure the hygienic support system go on wheels, the scheme of pressure oxygen supplying and new wind rate exchange for plateau passenger trains, information transport system used for Qinghai-Tibet railway hygienic support, and medical rescue preparatory scheme for accidental accidents [1-3] .

Modelling and Characterization of Basalt/Vinyl Ester/SiC Micro-and Nano-hybrid Biocomposites Properties Using Novel ANN–GA Approach

Basalt fiber reinforcement in polymer matrix composites is becoming more and more popular because of its environmental friendliness and mechanical qualities that are comparable to those of synthetic fibers.Basalt fiber strengthened vinyl ester matrix polymeric composite with filler addition of nano-and micro-sized silicon carbide(SiC)element spanning from 2 weight percent to 10 weight percent was studied for its mechanical and wear properties.The application of Artificial Neural Network(ANN)to correlate the filler addition composition for optimum mechanical properties is required due to the non-linear mechanical and tribological features of composites.The stuffing blend and composition of the composite are optimized using the hybrid model and Genetic Algorithm(GA)to maximize the mechanical and wear-resistant properties.The predicted and tested ANN–GA optimal values obtained for the composite combination had a tensile,flexural,impact resilience,hardness and wear properties of 202.93 MPa,501.67 MPa,3.460 J/s,43 HV and 0.196 g,respectively,for its optimum combination of filler and reinforcement.It can be noted that the nano-sized SiC filler particle enhances most of the properties of the composite which diversifies its applications.The predicted mechanical and wear values of the developed ANN–GA model were in closer agreement with the experimental values which validate the model.

Progress in high-speed train technology around the world

This is a review of high-speed train development in the sense of technology advances all over the world. Three generations of high-speed trains are classified according to their technical characteristics and maximum operating speed. Emphasis is given to the newly developed high-speed train in China, CRH380. The theoretical foundations and future development of CRH380 are briefly discussed.

Want a Railway Ticket During the Spring Festival Holiday?

Traditional Spring Festival in China means a family reunion time no matter how difficult to realize it.Due to China's large amount of popu- lation moving at one time,its limited transporta- tion capacity is often hard to bear in the around one month lasting time.A railway ticket to home could be as precious as gold.We often call this nationwide migrating crusade'Chunyun'in China.In the special period,Chinese trans- portation industry,especially the railway trans- portation,receives the highest focus from all the aspects.What's the difference of Chunyun this year?What new efforts exerted by Chinese government?Let's hear the voice from the Min- istry of Railways.

Study on Occupational Hazards and Preventive Measures for the Constructors in Building Qinghai-Tibetan Railway

To analyze the hazard factors for the constructors through the geographic environment along the Qinghai-Tibetan railway. On the basis of the physical examination data of the constructors, we dynamically investigated the impact of the plateau environment on the constructors’ health. We concluded the adaptation after the plain people entering into the plateau, and the application of the medical security measures and the effectiveness of the Plateau diseases preventing and controlling measures during the construction of the Qinghai-Tibetan railway. The results showed that there existed many occupational hazard factors because of the harsh environment in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, and they did a severe harm to the constructors. To take an effective prevention measure could apparently alleviate the occupational hazards, and ensure the safety and health of the constructors. The paper not only provided the valuable experiences for the medical support during the economic construction in the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau areas in the future, but also made a contribution for improving the development of the world plateau medicine.

INFLUENCES OF NOISE ON POWER SPECTRUM OF SPONTANEOUS EEG

Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONSince the 60’s of this century, computer technique has been introduced into the field of EEG analysis. Power spectrum, auto and cross correlation coherence, and cumulative analyses on EEG have made significant advances which have greatly attracted the attention of scientists. However, there are little studies in our country.The effects of noise on human body are in many ways, and the influence on

“Heavenly Road”:The Qinghai-Tibet Railway

1 Project profile The Qinghai–Tibet Railway(Fig.1),which extends from Golmud to Lhasa,has a total length of 1142 km.A 960 km section of its total length is over 4000 m above sea level,and the highest point on Tanggula Mountains is 5072 m above sea level.This railway is known as the“Heavenly Road”and the highest and longest highland railway in the world.The project began on June 29,2001,and the railway operated on July 1,2006,with a total investment of 33.09 billion yuan.The frail ecology environment with severe high-altitude anoxia and widespread permafrost was the primary challenge to the construction of the Qinghai–Tibet Railway.A vast number of railway construction personnel achieved technological breakthroughs and innovations.In 2008,the Qinghai–Tibet Railway project won the National Science&Technology Progress Award(special).