Rethinking to riluzole mechanism of action: the molecular link among protein kinase CK1δ activity, TDP-43 phosphorylation, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pharmacological treatment

Life expectancy in industrialized and developed countries will continue to increase in the near future. Consequently, over the last years, the incidence and social impact of neurodegenerative diseases have increased, highlighting an urgent need for new and more effective therapeutic strategies to counter these terrible disorders. While we tend to think about neurodegenerative diseases as conditions that are uniquely associated with the elder age, these diseases cover a diverse range across the entire lifespan, even affecting infants and children.

Hydromechanical behaviors of andesite under different stress states during fluid injection

Water reinjection into the formation is an indispensable operation in many energy engineering practices.This operation involves a complex hydromechanical(HM)coupling process and sometimes even causes unpredictable disasters,such as induced seismicity.It is acknowledged that the relative magnitude and direction of the principal stresses significantly influence the HM behaviors of rocks during injection.However,due to the limitations of current testing techniques,it is still difficult to comprehensively conduct laboratory injection tests under various stress conditions,such as in triaxial extension stress states.To this end,a numerical study of HM changes in rocks during injection under different stress states is conducted.In this model,the saturated rock is first loaded to the target stress state under drainage conditions,and then the stress state is maintained and water is injected from the top to simulate the formation injection operation.Particular attention is given to the difference in HM changes under triaxial compression and extension stresses.This includes the differences in the pore pressure propagation,mean effective stress,volumetric strain,and stress-induced permeability.The numerical results demonstrate that the differential stress will significantly affect the HM behaviors of rocks,but the degree of influence is different under the two triaxial stress states.The HM changes caused by the triaxial compression stress states are generally greater than those of extension,but the differences decrease with increasing differential stress,indicating that the increase in the differential stress will weaken the impact of the stress state on the HM response.In addition,the shear failure potential of fracture planes with various inclination angles is analyzed and summarized under different stress states.It is recommended that engineers could design suitable injection schemes according to different tectonic stress fields versus fault occurrence to reduce the risk of injection-induced seismicity.

Assessing Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model Parameterization Schemes Skill to Simulate Extreme Rainfall Events over Dar es Salaam on 21 December 2011

This paper evaluates the skills of physical Parameterization schemes in simulating extreme rainfall events over Dar es Salaam Region, Tanzania using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The model skill is determined during the 21 December 2011 flooding event. Ten sensitivity experiments have been conducted using Cumulus, Convective and Planetary boundary layer schemes to find the best combination and optimize the WRF model for the study area for heavy rainfall events. Model simulation results were verified against observed data using standard statistical tests. The model simulations show encouraging and better statistical results with the combination of Kain-Fritsch cumulus parameterization scheme, Lin microphysics scheme and Asymmetric Convection Model 2 (ACM2) planetary boundary scheme than any other combinations of physical parameterization schemes over Dar es Salaam region.

溢料槽形状对使用外部工具摩擦焊接的CP-Ti管与304L不锈钢管板的接头性能的影响（英文）

通过使用外部工具的管子与管板摩擦焊(FWTPET)来焊接钛管和不锈钢管板。铜被用作连接不同材料的夹层,同时用来减小在接头界面形成的金属间化合物的影响。控制FWTPET过程的工艺参数包括切入速率、旋转速度、切入深度、轴向载荷和溢料槽形状。其中,管的溢料槽形状对接头完整性具有很大的影响。在焊接到不锈钢管板的钛管上制作了各种溢料槽形状,如垂直槽、洞、曲折洞和花瓣型。宏观和微观研究表明接头没有缺陷。X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱(EDS)分析表明了铜层和金属间化合物的存在。研究横向和纵向焊接界面的显微硬度。使用一种新的测试程序称为"切入剪切试验"来检测焊接接头的性能。具有花瓣型溢料槽形状的试样具有最高的剪切断裂载荷(31.58 k N)。使用SEM进一步表征剪切面。