Epidemiological and Clinical Profile and Immediate Outcome of Neonates Transferred from the Maternity Unit to the Neonatology Unit of the CSREF in Commune V of Bamako District, Mali

Introduction: Neonatal mortality remains a major public health concern. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), the number of newborns dying each year has fallen from 5 million in 1990 to 2.4 million in 2019. The aim of our study was to describe the main morbid conditions and their lethality in newborns admitted to the paediatric ward of the CSREF in Commune V. Methodology: We conducted a 12-month prospective descriptive and analytical study from August 2020 to July 2021. Results: During the 12 months of the study, out of 2654 neonates admitted to hospital, 216 met our inclusion criteria, i.e. 8%. Newborns admitted in the first few hours of life represented 99.54% of cases. Full-term newborns accounted for 65.74% of the total. Forty-eight percent of newborns had hypothermia on admission. The most common diagnosis was asphyxia in 55.56% of cases, followed by neonatal infection in 27.78% and prematurity in 10.65%. Death was recorded in 22.2% of cases. Asphyxia was the main cause of neonatal death, followed by prematurity in our context. Conclusion: Improving the prognosis of newborn babies will require a thorough understanding of neonatal pathologies and the implementation of a pre- and perinatal prevention policy.

Migration of a Progestin Implant into a Pulmonary Artery: Observation of a Case at the Reference Health Center of Commune III of the District of Bamako in Mali

It was a 36-year-old patient, 5th Pregnancy, 5th Delivery, 4 live children, and I deceased, had a consultation in the department for the removal of implants. Questioning revealed that she had had the implant three years ago without medical follow-up. It was in view of the difficulties in extracting the capsule that the chest X-ray and CT scan carried out concluded that the implant had migrated into a branch of the left pulmonary artery. Therapeutic abstention has been the attitude of cardiovascular surgeons.

Seizures in Children under Five in a Pediatric Ward: Prevalence, Associated Factors and Outcomes

Introduction: convulsion is a frequent cause of neurological and cognitive sequelae and then of epilepsy. The objective of this work was to describe the socio-demographic, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects. Methodology: This was a descriptive retrospective study carried out in the general pediatrics department of CHU-Gabriel Touré. It took place over a period of 02 years from January 2017 to December 2018. We included all children aged 1 to 59 months hospitalized in the ward for convulsion. Results: During the study period, 2653 children aged 2 months to 59 months were hospitalized in the general pediatric ward. We included 288 medical records of children who presented with a seizure on admission. Convulsions represented 11% of pediatric hospitalizations from 1 month to 59 months. The average age was 29 months. Fever was present in 86% of patients. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) test was positive in 38 patients. Hypoglycemia was present in 14 patients. Serum calcium was low in 3 patients. The most implicated etiologies were malaria 70%, meningitis 20%, and dehydration 13%. Management consisted of airway clearance, oxygen therapy as needed, and administration of diazepam (54%). Antibiotics were prescribed in 77% of cases and antimalarials in 70%. The average length of hospital stay was 8 days with extremes of 1 and 30 days. The outcome was favorable in 95% of cases. Sequelae were observed in 5% of cases and one case of death was observed. Conclusion: Acute convulsions are one of the most common causes of hospitalization in children under 5 years old. The causes were dominated by infectious diseases (malaria, meningitis). The appropriate course of action was the administration of diazepam rectally.

Giant Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of the Right Femur about a Case

Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a rare bone tumor accounting for 1% - 4% of benign bone tumors. Its etiopathogenesis remains unknown. The main site is the metaphysis of the long bones. ABC occurs almost exclusively in young people, with a slight female predominance. We report an exceptional case of ABC of the femur with involvement of the right hip in a 16-year-old girl in the Medical Imaging Department of Pr Bocar Sidy Sall Hospital of Kati (Mali). We will discuss the clinical and radiological aspects of this pathology. Observation: Mrs N C., aged 16, was referred to the orthopaedic-traumatology department for an X-ray of the right thigh, indicated as having a large, disabling thigh. Clinical examination revealed a large thigh measuring 890 mm in circumference, compared with 300 mm on the contralateral side. Radiographically, the femur showed a blown appearance, with the cortex thinned and broken in places. Exceptionally, the lesion affected the entire femur. On CT scan, we found a voluminous fluid collection occupying the entire right femur, including the right femoral head and homolateral ischium. The cortex was interrupted in places, and the adjacent soft tissues were thinned or laminated, but not infiltrated. Histology revealed haemorrhagic and inflammatory elements compatible with the diagnosis of ABC. Conclusion: ABC is a tumor entity that is often difficult to diagnose. Medical imaging, topographical distribution and histology form an indissociable whole to establish a diagnosis of certainty.