Ohjective:To assess molecular characterization,distribution,seasonal activities of sandfly species and Leishmania parasites infecting them for this zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus.Methods:The collections were c...Ohjective:To assess molecular characterization,distribution,seasonal activities of sandfly species and Leishmania parasites infecting them for this zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus.Methods:The collections were carried out in 2009-2011 using CDC traps,Sticky Papers and manual aspirator in and around the villages in Abarkouh district.Individual sandflies were characterized by PCR amplification and sequencing of fragments of their mitochondrial cytochrome b gene.Leishmania parasite infections within sandflies were performed by targeting Cyt b,ITS-rDNA,k-DNA and microsatellite genes.Results:The PCR assays detected only Leishmania major(L.major).All infections(30)were found in the abundant and widespread vector Phlebolomus papalasi(P.papatasi).Small numbers of other sandfly species were also screened for infections,but none was found.Sergentomyia sinloni and P.papalasi were the predominant members in all locations of this district and in all habitats throughout the trapping season.Only five other sandfly species were found,namely Phlebolomus ansari,Phlebotomus caucasicus,Phlebotomus sergenti,Sergentomyia dentata and Sergentomyia merviney.Conclusions:In the current survey,the only infections detected are of L.major in females of P.papatasi(30 out of190).The rates of infection of P.papalasi by L.major are not significantly different in compare with other locations in Iran with no diversity of parasite strains.Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis may have emerged only recently in Abarkouh district,and the reason may well be the instability of the transmission cycles there.展开更多
The 16 776 bp mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Crocodylus niloticus was sequenced by PCR methods. Comparing with the complete nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial genome of other crocodiles, no variation on gene arra...The 16 776 bp mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Crocodylus niloticus was sequenced by PCR methods. Comparing with the complete nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial genome of other crocodiles, no variation on gene arrangement or quantity was found in the mtDNA of Crocodylus niloticus, however, the control region varied greatly. In addition to the analyses of complete sequences, partial sequences of 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and Cyt b gene from other 13 crocodile species were combined and analyzed. We attempted to diagram phylogenetic relationships among crocodile species to provide convenience for following research.展开更多
The nucleotide sequence of the complete mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） molecule of the salt-water crocodile （Crocodylus porosus） was determined in this article. The molecule is 16,917 base pairs Cop） in length, and co...The nucleotide sequence of the complete mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） molecule of the salt-water crocodile （Crocodylus porosus） was determined in this article. The molecule is 16,917 base pairs Cop） in length, and codes for 22 tRNAs, 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs, as well as a control region （D-loop）, as is characteristic for mitochondrial genomes of other metazoans. The gene order conforms to that of other crocodilians sequenced, but the arrangement of some tRNA genes differs from other vertebrates. It shows that the gene order of crocodilians is remarkably conserved. In this study, the relationships among crocodilians were examined in the phylogenetic analysis based on the control conserved regions of 17 crocodilians. The results suggest that the gharial （Gavialis gangeticus） joins the false gharial （Tomistoma schlegelii） on a common branch, and then constitutes a sister group to traditional Crocodylidae. Thus, the result supports that G gangeticus belongs to Crocodylidae. The analyses also suggest that the African slender-shouted crocodile （Crocodylus cataphractus） can be treated as an isolated genus, and constitutes a sister group to Crocodylus.展开更多
Brassica taxa occur naturally and are also cultivated in Turkey.Due to their economic importance,several cultivars have been extensively cultivated in certain regions of the country.Alongside extensive cultivation for...Brassica taxa occur naturally and are also cultivated in Turkey.Due to their economic importance,several cultivars have been extensively cultivated in certain regions of the country.Alongside extensive cultivation for vegetable production of the other species of the genus,Brassica juncea has very limited cultivation.Five native species of Brassica are known from restricted locations in Turkey with only a few collections.Among them,Brassica elongata is distributed all over the Central and Eastern parts of the country and it prefers unfertile soils on hillsides.Highlighting the current data about the Brassica taxa would lead to new initiatives for Brassica research dealing with both the genetic structure and the origin of the taxa.Diagnostic characters of the genera closely related to Brassica have been discussed under the relevant genera.Additionally,an overview for the Turkish Brassiceae tribe,both native and cultivated,has been presented and the relevant identification keys have been supplied for updating.展开更多
基金supported by the Pasteur Institute of Irangrant 501 awarded to Dr.Parviz Parvizi,Another part of this wok was funded by National Institute Of Health Research (NIHR) project No 63-9024
文摘Ohjective:To assess molecular characterization,distribution,seasonal activities of sandfly species and Leishmania parasites infecting them for this zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis focus.Methods:The collections were carried out in 2009-2011 using CDC traps,Sticky Papers and manual aspirator in and around the villages in Abarkouh district.Individual sandflies were characterized by PCR amplification and sequencing of fragments of their mitochondrial cytochrome b gene.Leishmania parasite infections within sandflies were performed by targeting Cyt b,ITS-rDNA,k-DNA and microsatellite genes.Results:The PCR assays detected only Leishmania major(L.major).All infections(30)were found in the abundant and widespread vector Phlebolomus papalasi(P.papatasi).Small numbers of other sandfly species were also screened for infections,but none was found.Sergentomyia sinloni and P.papalasi were the predominant members in all locations of this district and in all habitats throughout the trapping season.Only five other sandfly species were found,namely Phlebolomus ansari,Phlebotomus caucasicus,Phlebotomus sergenti,Sergentomyia dentata and Sergentomyia merviney.Conclusions:In the current survey,the only infections detected are of L.major in females of P.papatasi(30 out of190).The rates of infection of P.papalasi by L.major are not significantly different in compare with other locations in Iran with no diversity of parasite strains.Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis may have emerged only recently in Abarkouh district,and the reason may well be the instability of the transmission cycles there.
文摘The 16 776 bp mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of Crocodylus niloticus was sequenced by PCR methods. Comparing with the complete nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial genome of other crocodiles, no variation on gene arrangement or quantity was found in the mtDNA of Crocodylus niloticus, however, the control region varied greatly. In addition to the analyses of complete sequences, partial sequences of 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA and Cyt b gene from other 13 crocodile species were combined and analyzed. We attempted to diagram phylogenetic relationships among crocodile species to provide convenience for following research.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30470244, No.30270213), and the Fund for Excellent Youth in Anhui Province (No.04043049) and Key Laboratory of Biotic Environment and Ecological safety in Anhui Province.
文摘The nucleotide sequence of the complete mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） molecule of the salt-water crocodile （Crocodylus porosus） was determined in this article. The molecule is 16,917 base pairs Cop） in length, and codes for 22 tRNAs, 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs, as well as a control region （D-loop）, as is characteristic for mitochondrial genomes of other metazoans. The gene order conforms to that of other crocodilians sequenced, but the arrangement of some tRNA genes differs from other vertebrates. It shows that the gene order of crocodilians is remarkably conserved. In this study, the relationships among crocodilians were examined in the phylogenetic analysis based on the control conserved regions of 17 crocodilians. The results suggest that the gharial （Gavialis gangeticus） joins the false gharial （Tomistoma schlegelii） on a common branch, and then constitutes a sister group to traditional Crocodylidae. Thus, the result supports that G gangeticus belongs to Crocodylidae. The analyses also suggest that the African slender-shouted crocodile （Crocodylus cataphractus） can be treated as an isolated genus, and constitutes a sister group to Crocodylus.
基金the TUB˙ITAK-2221 program to examine Brassica crops in Turkey.
文摘Brassica taxa occur naturally and are also cultivated in Turkey.Due to their economic importance,several cultivars have been extensively cultivated in certain regions of the country.Alongside extensive cultivation for vegetable production of the other species of the genus,Brassica juncea has very limited cultivation.Five native species of Brassica are known from restricted locations in Turkey with only a few collections.Among them,Brassica elongata is distributed all over the Central and Eastern parts of the country and it prefers unfertile soils on hillsides.Highlighting the current data about the Brassica taxa would lead to new initiatives for Brassica research dealing with both the genetic structure and the origin of the taxa.Diagnostic characters of the genera closely related to Brassica have been discussed under the relevant genera.Additionally,an overview for the Turkish Brassiceae tribe,both native and cultivated,has been presented and the relevant identification keys have been supplied for updating.
