摩尔工业公司(Moore Industries)智能温度变送器的性能及应用

介绍美国ＭｏｏｒｅＩｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅｓ的智能温度变送器的性能、特点及其在工业测量与监控系统中的应用。

摩尔工业公司(Moore Industries)信号隔离/转换/分配器的性能及应用

介绍美国ＭｏｏｒｅＩｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅｓｒ信号隔离／转换／分配器的性能、特点及其在有关信号处理方面的应用。

摩尔工业公司(Moore Industries)分散I/O及数据通信系统的性能及应用

介绍美国ＭｏｒｅＩｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅｓ的分散Ｉ／Ｏ及数据通信系统的性能、特点及其在数据监控与采集（ＳＣＡＤＡ）系统中的应用。

摩尔工业公司（Moore Industries）仪表在工业过程连接中的应用

介绍美国Ｍｏｏｒｅ Ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅｓ的智能温度变送器、可编程报警设定器、信号隔离转换分配器、分散Ｉ／Ｏ数据通讯系统、电／气和气／电转换器、电力变换器等过程连接仪表的性能及其在工业过程连接中的应用。

Opportunities and challenges of CD47-targeted therapy in cancer immunotherapy

Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer,with the tumor microenvironment(TME)playing a pivotal role in modulating the immune response.CD47,a cell surface protein,has been identified as a crucial regulator of the TME and a potential therapeutic target for cancer therapy.However,the precise functions and implications of CD47 in the TME during immunotherapy for cancer patients remain incompletely understood.This comprehensive review aims to provide an overview of CD47’s multifaced role in TME regulation and immune evasion,elucidating its impact on various types of immunotherapy outcomes,including checkpoint inhibitors and CAR T-cell therapy.Notably,CD47-targeted therapies offer a promising avenue for improving cancer treatment outcomes,especially when combined with other immunotherapeutic approaches.The review also discusses current and potential CD47-targeted therapies being explored for cancer treatment and delves into the associated challenges and opportunities inherent in targeting CD47.Despite the demonstrated effectiveness of CD47-targeted therapies,there are potential problems,including unintended effects on healthy cells,hematological toxicities,and the development if resistance.Consequently,further research efforts are warranted to fully understand the underlying mechanisms of resistance and to optimize CD47-targeted therapies through innovative combination approaches,ultimately improving cancer treatment outcomes.Overall,this comprehensive review highlights the significance of CD47 as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy and provides valuable insight into the challenges and opportunities in developing effective CD47-targeted therapies for cancer treatment.

Anthropogenic Influence on Decadal Changes in Concurrent Hot and Dry Events over China around the Mid-1990s

The frequency and duration of observed concurrent hot and dry events(HDEs) over China during the growing season(April–September) exhibit significant decadal changes across the mid-1990s. These changes are characterized by increases in HDE frequency and duration over most of China, with relatively large increases over southeastern China(SEC), northern China(NC), and northeastern China(NEC). The frequency of HDEs averaged over China in the present day(PD,1994–2011) is double that in the early period(EP, 1964–81);the duration of HDEs increases by 60%. Climate experiments with the Met Office Unified Model(MetUM-GOML2) are used to estimate the contributions of anthropogenic forcing to HDE decadal changes over China. Anthropogenic forcing changes can explain 60%–70% of the observed decadal changes,suggesting an important anthropogenic influence on HDE changes over China across the mid-1990s. Single-forcing experiments indicate that the increase in greenhouse gas(GHG) concentrations dominates the simulated decadal changes,increasing the frequency and duration of HDEs throughout China. The change in anthropogenic aerosol(AA) emissions significantly decreases the frequency and duration of HDEs over SEC and NC, but the magnitude of the decrease is much smaller than the increase induced by GHGs. The changes in HDEs in response to anthropogenic forcing are mainly due to the response of climatological mean surface air temperatures. The contributions from changes in variability and changes in climatological mean soil moisture and evapotranspiration are relatively small. The physical processes associated with the response of HDEs to GHG and AA changes are also revealed.

海上自主水面船舶航行风险识别研究综述

海上自主水面船舶(MASS)作为未来航运业重要的发展方向,逐渐受到国际海事界的广泛关注,尤其是其航行过程中的潜在风险。首先,结合当前研究,比对了传统船舶和MASS的风险识别手段的差异性。其次,从人为、船舶设备与系统、环境、管理、网络安全5个方面归纳了MASS航行过程中可能存在的航行风险因素。最后,揭示了当前MASS航行风险识别研究的局限性。该研究有利于发现自主船舶航行风险因素的变化,对自主船舶风险识别与评估具有参考意义。

Game-changing insights on vertebral skeletal stem cells in bone metastasis and therapeutic horizons

Greenblatt and his team have unveiled vertebral skeletal stem cells(vSSCs)as a critical player in the landscape of bone metastasis.This commentary delves into the transformative discoveries surrounding vSSCs,emphasizing their distinct role in bone metastasis compared to other stem cell lineages.We illuminate the unique properties and functions of vSSCs,which may account for the elevated susceptibility of vertebral bones to metastatic invasion.Furthermore,we explore the exciting therapeutic horizons opened by this newfound understanding.These include potential interventions targeting vSSCs,modulation of associated signaling pathways,and broader implications for the treatment and management of bone metastasis.By shedding light on these game-changing insights,we hope to pave the way for novel strategies that could revolutionize the prognosis and treatment landscape for cancer patients with metastatic bone disease.

Redefining the tumor microenvironment with emerging therapeutic strategies

The environment surrounding a tumor,known as the tumor microenvironment(TME),plays a role in how cancer progresses and responds to treatment.It poses both challenges and opportunities for improving cancer therapy.Recent progress in understanding the TME complexity and diversity has led to approaches for treating cancer.This perspective discusses the strategies for targeting the TME,such as adjusting networks using extracellular vesicles to deliver drugs and enhancing immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIS)through combined treatments.Furthermore,it highlights adoptive cell transfer(ACT)therapies as an option for tumors.By studying how components of the TME interact and utilizing technologies like single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics,we can develop more precise and efficient treatments for cancer.This article emphasizes the need to reshape the TME to boost antitumor immunity and overcome resistance to therapy,providing guidance for research and clinical practices in precision oncology.

Car-following strategy of intelligent connected vehicle using extended disturbance observer adjusted by reinforcement learning

Disturbance observer-based control method has achieved good results in the carfollowing scenario of intelligent and connected vehicle(ICV).However,the gain of conventional extended disturbance observer(EDO)-based control method is usually set manually rather than adjusted adaptively according to real time traffic conditions,thus declining the car-following performance.To solve this problem,a car-following strategy of ICV using EDO adjusted by reinforcement learning is proposed.Different from the conventional method,the gain of proposed strategy can be adjusted by reinforcement learning to improve its estimation accuracy.Since the“equivalent disturbance”can be compensated by EDO to a great extent,the disturbance rejection ability of the carfollowing method will be improved significantly.Both Lyapunov approach and numerical simulations are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

A systematic scoping review of study methodology for randomized controlled trials investigating probiotics in athletic and physically active populations

Background:The purported ergogenic and health effects of probiotics have been a topic of great intrigue among researchers,practitioners,and the lay public alike.There has also been an increased research focus within the realm of sports science and exercise medicine on the athletic gut microbiota.However,compared to other ergogenic aids and dietary supplements,probiotics present unique study challenges.The objectives of this systematic scoping review were to identify and characterize study methodologies of randomized controlled trials investigating supplementation with probiotics in athletes and physically active individuals.Methods:Four databases(MEDLINE,CINAHL,Cochrane CENTRAL,and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)were searched for randomized controlled studies involving healthy athletes or physically active individuals.An intervention with probiotics and inclusion of a control and/or placebo group were essential.Only peer-reviewed articles in English were considered,and there were no date restrictions.Results were extracted and presented in tabular form to detail study protocols,characteristics,and outcomes.Bias in randomized controlled trials was determined with the RoB 2.0 tool.Results:A total of 45 studies were included in the review,with 35 using a parallel group design and 10 using a cross-over design.Approximately half the studies used a single probiotic and the other half a multi-strain preparation.The probiotic dose ranged from 2×10^(8)to 1×10^(11)colony forming units daily,and the length of intervention was between 7 and 150 days.Fewer than half the studies directly assessed gastrointestinal symptoms,gut permeability,or the gut microbiota.The sex ratio of participants was heavily weighted toward males,and only 3 studies exclusively investigated females.Low-level adverse events were reported in only 2 studies,although the methodology of reporting varied widely.The risk of bias was generally low,although details on randomization were lacking in some studies.Conclusion:There is a substantial body of research on the effects of prob iotic supplementation in healthy athletes and physically active individuals.Considerable heterogeneity in probiotic selection and dosage as well as outcome measures has made clinical and mechanistic interpretation challenging for both health care practitioners and researchers.Attention to issues of randomization of participants,treatments and interventions,selection of outcomes,demographics,and reporting of adverse events will facilitate more trustworthy interpretation of probiotic study results and inform evidence-based guidelines.

The efficacy study of trinity permeation synergism on anti-aging

Background:More and more consumers are paying attention to skin rejuvenation.However,there is a lack of a non-invasive and efficient solution.Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of a trinity permeation synergism(TPS),which consists of a firming essence,an atomizer and a photoelectric penetrator,for facial anti-aging efficacy.Material and methods:In this work,in vitro cell experiments and human efficacy study were used to evaluate the firming and anti-wrinkle effects.Cell experiments were used to verify the effect of the firming essence on the cell proliferation,migration,and anti-inflammation in keratinocytes(HaCaT),and on the gene expression levels of type I and type III collagen(Col-1 and Col-3)and type I matrix metalloproteinase(MMP-1)in human skin fibroblasts(HSF).After in vitro test,60 women aged 35–60 years were enrolled in the randomized test,of which 30 subjects were randomly selected to be the experimental group and treated with the TPS system,while the left 30 subjects were treated with the firming essence only considered as control.After 28 days,skin elasticity,skin redness value,and skin wrinkles were measured to evaluate the efficacy of the TPS system.Results:Cell experiments showed that the firming essence can significantly improve the proliferation and the migration of HaCaT cells.It also promoted the expression level of Col-1 and Col-3 gene,and inhibited the expression level of MMP-1 gene in HSF cells.After confirming the efficacy of firming essence,the efficacy benefit of the TPS was further studied.The 28-day tests show that combined use firming essence with atomizer and penetrator can significantly increase skin elasticity,reduce skin hemoglobin value and skin wrinkles on Day 28.Moreover,all the mentioned improvements are significantly better than that in the control group.Conclusion:Through efficient delivery in the whole process,TPS boosts the efficacy of active components in the firming essence.TPS offers an efficient,non-invasive,and convenient way for enhanced facial rejuvenation efficacy.

Effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness:A multi-country cluster randomized controlled trial

Purpose:To examine the effects of a school-based karate intervention on academic achievement,psychosocial functioning,and physical fitness in children aged 7-8 years.Methods:Twenty schools in 5 different European countries(2 second-grade classrooms per school)participated in a cluster randomized controlled trial(Sport at School trial).Participants were assigned to either a control group,which continued with their habitual physical education lessons,or to an intervention group,which replaced these lessons with a 1-year karate intervention(Karate Mind and Movement program).A total of 721 children(344 girls and 377 boys,7.4±0.5 years old,mean±SD)completed the study,of which 333 and 388 were assigned to the control group and intervention group,respectively.Outcomes included academic performance(average grade),psychosocial functioning(Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for parents),and different markers of physical fitness(cardiorespiratory fitness,balance,and flexibility).Results:The intervention provided small but significant benefits compared to the control group for academic achievement(d=0.16;p=0.003),conduct problems(d=-0.28;p=0.003),cardiorespiratory fitness(d=0.36;p<0.001),and balance(d=0.24;p=0.015).There was a trend towards significant benefits for flexibility(d=0.24;p=0.056).No significant benefits were observed for other variables,including psychosocial difficulties,emotional symptoms,hyperactivity/inattention,peer problems,or prosocial behaviour(all p>0.05).Conclusion:A 1-year school-based karate intervention was effective in improving academic achievement,conduct problems,and physical fitness in primary school children.The results support the inclusion of karate during physical education lessons.

废轮胎热解油(TPO)冷再生沥青混合料路用性能及机理研究

废轮胎热解油(Tire Pyrolysis Oil,TPO)是废旧轮胎热解的副产物。TPO的化学成分与常用沥青再生剂芳香烃类油的化学成分相似,使得TPO能够用作废旧沥青混合料(Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement,RAP)的再生剂,并能恢复RAP的技术性能。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对再生沥青胶结料的化学结构进行了研究,揭示了TPO冷再生沥青混合料的再生机理。采用马歇尔设计方法明确了TPO冷再生沥青混合料的材料组成。研究了TPO的掺量、预活化时间和环氧树脂掺量对再生沥青混合料路用性能的影响规律。研究结果表明:TPO可以软化老化沥青、降低其黏度、重新平衡RAP表面的老化沥青的化学成分和恢复老化沥青的技术性能,但仅用TPO再生的再生沥青混合料的力学性能较差,掺入低剂量的环氧树脂在沥青混合料内部起到了结构补强的作用,极大地提高了TPO再生沥青混合料的各项性能。

Development,validation,and transportability of several machine-learned,non-exercise-based VO_(2max)prediction models for older adults

Background:There exist few maximal oxygen uptake(VO_(2max))non-exercise-based prediction equations,fewer using machine learning(ML),and none specifically for older adults.Since direct measurement of VO_(2max)is infeasible in large epidemiologic cohort studies,we sought to develop,validate,compare,and assess the transportability of several ML VO_(2max)prediction algorithms.Methods:The Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging(BLSA)participants with valid VO2_(max)tests were included(n=1080).Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were trained to predict VO_(2max)values.We developed these algorithms for:(a)the overall BLSA,(b)by sex,(c)using all BLSA variables,and(d)variables common in aging cohorts.Finally,we quantified the associations between measured and predicted VO_(2max)and mortality.Results:The age was 69.0±10.4 years(mean±SD)and the measured VO_(2max)was 21.6±5.9 mL/kg/min.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,linear-and tree-boosted extreme gradient boosting,random forest,and support vector machine yielded root mean squared errors of 3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,3.4 mL/kg/min,3.6 mL/kg/min,and 3.5 mL/kg/min,respectively.Incremental quartiles of measured VO_(2max)showed an inverse gradient in mortality risk.Predicted VO_(2max)variables yielded similar effect estimates but were not robust to adjustment.Conclusion:Measured VO_(2max)is a strong predictor of mortality.Using ML can improve the accuracy of prediction as compared to simpler approaches but estimates of association with mortality remain sensitive to adjustment.Future studies should seek to reproduce these results so that VO_(2max),an important vital sign,can be more broadly studied as a modifiable target for promoting functional resiliency and healthy aging.

Structural effects induced by dialysis-based purification of carbon nanomaterials

Dialysis plays a crucial role in the purification of nanomaterials but its impact on the structural properties of carbon nanomaterials was never investigated.Herein,a carbon-based nanomaterial generated electrochemically in potassium phosphate buffer,was characterized before and after dialysis against pure water.It is shown that dialysis affects the size of the carbon domains,structural organization,surface functionalization,oxidation degree of carbon,and grade of amorphicity.Accordingly,dialysis drives the nanomaterial organization from discrete roundish carbon domains,with sizes ranging from 70 to 160 nm,towards linear stacking structures of small nanoparticles(<15 nm).In parallel,alcohol and ether(epoxide)surface groups evolve into more oxidized carbon groups(e.g.,ketone and ester groups).Investigation of the as-prepared nanomaterial by electron paramagnetic resonance(EPR)revealed a resonance signal consistent with carbon-oxygen centred radicals.Additionally,this study brings to light the selective affinity of the carbon nanomaterial under study to capture Na^(+)ions,a property greatly enhanced by the dialysis process,and its high ability to trap oxygen,particularly before dialysis.These findings open new perspectives for the application of carbon-based nanomaterials and raise awareness of the importance of structural changes that can occur during the purification of carbon-based nanomaterials.

Epidemiology of Mpox Outbreaks and Implications for Surveillance in Imo State, Nigeria

Mpox disease is caused by a double-stranded DNA virus, genus Orthopoxvirus of the family Poxviridae. The incubation period is usually 6 to 13 days but can range from 5 to 21 days while symptoms and signs may persist for 2 to 5 weeks. Although, the clinical features are usually less severe when compared to the deadly smallpox, the disease can be fatal with case fatality rate between 1% and 10%. In Imo State, Nigeria, there has been a changing epidemiology of the disease in the last 6 years and the frequency and geographic distribution of cases have progressively increased. This study aims to conduct a review of the disease epidemiology between 2017 and 2023 and implications for surveillance in Imo State. Surveillance data from the Surveillance Outbreak Response and Management System (SORMAS) was extracted between January 2017 and December 2023 across the 27 Local Government Areas (LGAs) of Imo State. A line list of 231 suspected cases was downloaded into an excel template and analyzed using SPSS® version 20 software. Analysis was done using descriptive statistics and associations were tested using Fischer’s exact at 0.05 level of significance. Of the 231 suspected cases, 57.1% (132) were males, 42.9% (99) were females and the modal age group was between the ages of 0 - 4 (32.5%). Eight (8) LGAs (districts) accounted for 71% (n = 164) of all the suspected cases. 21.2% (49) were confirmed positive, 27 males (55.1%) and 22 females (44.9%) (p > 0.05). Modal age group was 20 - 24 (22.4%, n = 11), 18% (9) were children under 14 years, p > 0.05. Case fatality rate was 8% (n = 4). There was no significant association between mortality and age group. Five (5) LGAs accounted for about 60% (29) of all confirmed cases. These LGAs contribute only 20% to the total population in the State. Only 5.6% and 4% of suspected and confirmed cases, respectively, had knowledge of contact with an infectious source. The study described the epidemiology of Mpox outbreaks between 2017 and 2023 and the findings have significant implications on detection and outbreak response activities.

Targeting miRNA by CRISPR/Cas in cancer:advantages and challenges

Clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)has changed biomedical research and provided entirely new models to analyze every aspect of biomedical sciences during the last decade.In the study of cancer,the CRISPR/CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)system opens new avenues into issues that were once unknown in our knowledge of the non-coding genome,tumor heterogeneity,and precision medicines.CRISPR/Cas-based geneediting technology now allows for the precise and permanent targeting of mutations and provides an opportunity to target small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs(miRNAs).However,the development of effective and safe cancer gene editing therapy is highly dependent on proper design to be innocuous to normal cells and prevent introducing other abnormalities.This study aims to highlight the cutting-edge approaches in cancer-gene editing therapy based on the CRISPR/Cas technology to target miRNAs in cancer therapy.Furthermore,we highlight the potential challenges in CRISPR/Cas-mediated miRNA gene editing and offer advanced strategies to overcome them.

高效深磨中磨削温度和表面烧伤研究

介绍了一种高效深磨的磨削热模型———圆弧热源模型 ,该模型和直线倾斜平面模型相比改进了温度的预测 ;给出了圆弧热源磨削温度的积分公式和量纲一温度计算式 ;详细分析了热流量 ,推导了工件、砂轮、磨削液和磨屑的对流因子计算公式 ,在此基础上给出了最大接触温度的计算公式 ;使用J形热电偶测量了磨削接触面接近磨削烧伤时的最高磨削温度和磨削液沸腾的温度。实验结果与理论计算值对比表明 。

踏跳瞬间足后部骨骼的三维有限元分析

目的建立足部三维有限元模型,对足后部骨骼在踏跳中的应力分布进行分析。方法应用CT扫描和CAD/CAM软件处理,建立足后部骨骼三维模型。通过对背跃式跳高踏跳的足底压力测量和逆向肌肉力量计算,确定载荷约束条件,并进行有限元计算。结果获得了踏跳瞬间,跟骨、距骨、舟骨等易损伤部位的生物力学响应和应力分布,发现跟骨后距关节,距骨背面均为应力集中处。结论本研究建立的模型可用于足后部骨骼生物力学研究,为踏跳中的运动损伤力学机理提供数据。