During the late months of last year,a novel coronavirus was detected in Hubei,China.The virus,since then,has spread all across the globe forcing Word Health Organization(WHO)to declare COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic.In ...During the late months of last year,a novel coronavirus was detected in Hubei,China.The virus,since then,has spread all across the globe forcing Word Health Organization(WHO)to declare COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic.In Spain,the virus started infecting the country slowly until rapid growth of infected people occurred in Madrid,Barcelona and other major cities.The government in an attempt to stop the rapssid spread of the virus and ensure that health system will not reach its capacity,implement strict measures by putting the entire country in quarantine.The duration of these measures,depends on the evolution of the virus in Spain.In this study,a Deep Neural Network approach using Monte Carlo is proposed for generating a database to train networks for estimating the optimal parameters of a SIR epidemiology model.The number of total infected people as of April 7 in Spain is considered as input to the Deep Neural Network.The adaptability of the model was evaluated using the latest data upon completion of this paper,i.e.,April 14.The date range for the peak of infected people(i.e.,active cases)based on the new information is estimated to be within 74 to 109 days after the first recorded case of COVID-19 in Spain.In addition,a curve fitting measure based on the squared Euclidean distance indicates that according to the current data the peak might occur before the 86th day.Collectively,Deep Neural Networks have proven accurate and useful tools in handling big epidemiological data and for peak prediction estimates.展开更多
Rejection is one of the key factors that determine the long-term allograft function and survival in renal transplant patients. Reliable and timely diagnosis is important to treat rejection as early as possible. Allogr...Rejection is one of the key factors that determine the long-term allograft function and survival in renal transplant patients. Reliable and timely diagnosis is important to treat rejection as early as possible. Allograft biopsies are not suitable for continuous monitoring of rejection. Thus, there is an unmet need for non-invasive methods to diagnose acute and chronic rejection. Proteomics in urine and blood samples has been explored for this purpose in 29 studies conducted since 2003. This review describes the different proteomic approaches and summarizes the results from the studies that examined proteomics for the rejection diagnoses. The potential limitations and open questions in establishing proteomic markers for rejection are discussed, including ongoing trials and future challenges to this topic.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the European Commission under project FLEXITRANSTORE-H2020-LCE-2016-2017-SGS-774407by the Spanish Ministry of Science under project ENE2017-88889-C2-1-RAny opinions,findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the host institutions or funders.
文摘During the late months of last year,a novel coronavirus was detected in Hubei,China.The virus,since then,has spread all across the globe forcing Word Health Organization(WHO)to declare COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic.In Spain,the virus started infecting the country slowly until rapid growth of infected people occurred in Madrid,Barcelona and other major cities.The government in an attempt to stop the rapssid spread of the virus and ensure that health system will not reach its capacity,implement strict measures by putting the entire country in quarantine.The duration of these measures,depends on the evolution of the virus in Spain.In this study,a Deep Neural Network approach using Monte Carlo is proposed for generating a database to train networks for estimating the optimal parameters of a SIR epidemiology model.The number of total infected people as of April 7 in Spain is considered as input to the Deep Neural Network.The adaptability of the model was evaluated using the latest data upon completion of this paper,i.e.,April 14.The date range for the peak of infected people(i.e.,active cases)based on the new information is estimated to be within 74 to 109 days after the first recorded case of COVID-19 in Spain.In addition,a curve fitting measure based on the squared Euclidean distance indicates that according to the current data the peak might occur before the 86th day.Collectively,Deep Neural Networks have proven accurate and useful tools in handling big epidemiological data and for peak prediction estimates.
基金Supported by The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft,No.GW 4/6-1
文摘Rejection is one of the key factors that determine the long-term allograft function and survival in renal transplant patients. Reliable and timely diagnosis is important to treat rejection as early as possible. Allograft biopsies are not suitable for continuous monitoring of rejection. Thus, there is an unmet need for non-invasive methods to diagnose acute and chronic rejection. Proteomics in urine and blood samples has been explored for this purpose in 29 studies conducted since 2003. This review describes the different proteomic approaches and summarizes the results from the studies that examined proteomics for the rejection diagnoses. The potential limitations and open questions in establishing proteomic markers for rejection are discussed, including ongoing trials and future challenges to this topic.
