Chinese expert consensus on the treatment of modern combat-related spinal injuries

The battlefield treatments of spinal and spinal cord injury vary from civilian settings. However, there is no unified battlefield treatment guidelines for spine trauma in PLA. An expert consensus is reached, based on spine trauma epidemiology and the concepts of battlefield treatment combined with the existing levels of military medical care in modern warfare. Since the specialized treatment for spine trauma are no significant difference between civilian settings and modern war, the first aid, emergency treatment and early treatment of spine trauma are introduced separately in three levels in this consensus. In Level I facilities, the fast and accurate evaluation of spine trauma followed by fixation and stabilization are recommended during the first-aid stage. Re-evaluation, further treatment for possible hemorrhagic shock, dyspnea and infection are recommended at Level II facilities. At Level III facilities, it is recommended to strengthen the intensive care and the prevention of urinary system and lung infection for the wounded with severe spinal injury, however, spinal surgery is not recommended in a battlefield hospital. The grading standard for evidence evaluation and recommendation was used to reach this expert consensus.

Membrane-coated nanoparticles as a biomimetic targeted delivery system for tumour therapy

Drug therapy towards tumours often causes adverse effects because of their non-specific nature.Membrane-coated technology and membrane-coated nanoparticles provide an advanced and promising platform of targeted and safe delivery.By camouflaging the nanoparticles with natural derived or artificially modified cell membranes,the nano-payloads are bestowed with properties from cell membranes such as longer circulation,tumour or inflammation-targeting,immune stimulation,augmenting the performance of traditional therapeutics.In this review,we review the development of membrane coating technology,and summarise the technical details,physicochemical properties,and research status of membrane-coated nanoparticles from different sources in tumour treatment.Finally,we also look forward to the prospects and challenges of transforming membrane coating technology from experiment into clinical use.Taken together,membrane-coated nanoparticles are bound to become one of the most potential anti-tumour strategies in the future.

Construction and application of time-effect assessment database for experiments on war-traumatized animals

Background:High-quality real war trauma data are important,but they are still lacking.Using the database to realize the networked,systematic,standardized,and dynamic management of war injury animal experimental data can provide a real and reliable supplement for the research of war injury treatment.Methods:Through demand analysis,module design,architecture design,compilation and debugging,and other processes,JAVA language development tools were used to develop a time-effect assessment database for experiments on war-traumatized animals,where the browser/server architecture(B/S architecture)is used as the technical architecture and SQL Server as the database management system.Results:A time-effect assessment database for experiments on war-traumatized animals that features reasonable structural design,rich data resources,and convenient use has been established,in which case efficient collection,storage,display,retrieval,and management of animal experimental data have been achieved.At present,the database is running well and has good data quality.