Background: Diabetes mellitus is a serious condition with potentially devastating complications that affects all age groups worldwide. The purposes of this study are to describe the glycemic control levels and to dete...Background: Diabetes mellitus is a serious condition with potentially devastating complications that affects all age groups worldwide. The purposes of this study are to describe the glycemic control levels and to determine the associated factors of poor glycemiccontrol among type 2 diabetes patients followed in Najran Armed Forces Hospital. Methods:We conducted a retrospective analysis of administrative data from adult patients with diabetes type 2 followed in NAFH clinics. To be included in the pilot study, patients needed to meet the following criteria: 1) Be identified as having diabetes type 2 using algorithms employed by disease management oasis program;2) Be at least aged 18;3) Be male or female;4) Have Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) and HbA1c measured at least twice during the last year. Both univariate and multivariate approaches of logistic regression were applied to determine factors associated with poor glycemic control. Results: Data from a total of 100 patients were analyzed. There were 22% of patients that achieved glycemic control. The risk factors associated with poor glycemic control were being female, age < 65 years old and those who had not achieved the target total cholesterol. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that diabetic control is suboptimal. This study provides factors that predict poor glycemic control. With this information, sub-groups with high risk of disease morbidity were identified. Barriers that prevent these patients from meeting their goals must be explored to improve health outcomes.展开更多
Background: The gram-positive, beta-hemolytic, and chain-forming Group B Streptococcus (GBS), commonly known as Streptococcus agalactiae, may asymptomatically invade the human gastrointestinal and vaginal tracts. Howe...Background: The gram-positive, beta-hemolytic, and chain-forming Group B Streptococcus (GBS), commonly known as Streptococcus agalactiae, may asymptomatically invade the human gastrointestinal and vaginal tracts. However, GBS may become very invasive and pathogenic to the mother and baby during pregnancy, having negative effects. Study Aim: This study aims to investigate the pregnancy outcomes of women who tested positive for genitourinary GBS infection during pregnancy in Najran, Saudi Arabia. Methods: Data was collected retrospectively from patient files in Armed Forces Hospital, Najran, Saudi Arabia. Data collected were entered to a Microsoft Excel sheet, then imported and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results: The study included 272 women of whom 66.5% were 31 to 45 years old. Gestational diabetes was diagnosed in 8.5% of the sample, 71.7% had a normal spontaneous vaginal delivery (NSVD), 1.8% had previous abortions, and 27.2% of new-borns were admitted to the NICU after delivery. There was a significant association between NICU admissions and women employment status (p = 0.001), gravidity (p = 0.001), parity (p = 0.001), history of abortions (p = 0.001), medical conditions (p = 0.049), and mode of delivery (p = 0.049). Conclusion: According to the findings of our study, GBS infection during pregnancy is associated to more NICU admissions. NICU admissions were significantly correlated with gestational diabetes, hypertension, and hypothyroidism in mothers but not with intrapartum antibiotic use.展开更多
Pregnancy is a complex physiological process involving several interconnected systems. Many researchers were concerned that the formation of a fetus with different genetic components may contradict the normal state of...Pregnancy is a complex physiological process involving several interconnected systems. Many researchers were concerned that the formation of a fetus with different genetic components may contradict the normal state of immunity, which attempts to reject and fight foreign bodies. This piqued the interest of biologists and immunologists, who set out to discover the immune system’s composition and mode of response in the uterus. According to several studies, natural killer (NK) cells are present in a significant percentage that differs from what is seen in peripheral blood. As a result, several scientific studies have been conducted on uterine NK cells, investigating their types, characteristics, receptors, secretions, and interactions with the surrounding environment. Research has also indicated the capacity of uterine NK cells to strike a balance between eradicating uterine infections and effectively contributing to different phases of pregnancy. Various studies have shown that NK cell activity is intimately related to the success or failure of pregnancy. In this review, we describe the uterine NK cell subtypes;decidual (dNK) cells and endometrial NK cells (eNK) cells and their important role during different phases of pregnancy.展开更多
文摘Background: Diabetes mellitus is a serious condition with potentially devastating complications that affects all age groups worldwide. The purposes of this study are to describe the glycemic control levels and to determine the associated factors of poor glycemiccontrol among type 2 diabetes patients followed in Najran Armed Forces Hospital. Methods:We conducted a retrospective analysis of administrative data from adult patients with diabetes type 2 followed in NAFH clinics. To be included in the pilot study, patients needed to meet the following criteria: 1) Be identified as having diabetes type 2 using algorithms employed by disease management oasis program;2) Be at least aged 18;3) Be male or female;4) Have Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) and HbA1c measured at least twice during the last year. Both univariate and multivariate approaches of logistic regression were applied to determine factors associated with poor glycemic control. Results: Data from a total of 100 patients were analyzed. There were 22% of patients that achieved glycemic control. The risk factors associated with poor glycemic control were being female, age < 65 years old and those who had not achieved the target total cholesterol. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that diabetic control is suboptimal. This study provides factors that predict poor glycemic control. With this information, sub-groups with high risk of disease morbidity were identified. Barriers that prevent these patients from meeting their goals must be explored to improve health outcomes.
文摘Background: The gram-positive, beta-hemolytic, and chain-forming Group B Streptococcus (GBS), commonly known as Streptococcus agalactiae, may asymptomatically invade the human gastrointestinal and vaginal tracts. However, GBS may become very invasive and pathogenic to the mother and baby during pregnancy, having negative effects. Study Aim: This study aims to investigate the pregnancy outcomes of women who tested positive for genitourinary GBS infection during pregnancy in Najran, Saudi Arabia. Methods: Data was collected retrospectively from patient files in Armed Forces Hospital, Najran, Saudi Arabia. Data collected were entered to a Microsoft Excel sheet, then imported and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results: The study included 272 women of whom 66.5% were 31 to 45 years old. Gestational diabetes was diagnosed in 8.5% of the sample, 71.7% had a normal spontaneous vaginal delivery (NSVD), 1.8% had previous abortions, and 27.2% of new-borns were admitted to the NICU after delivery. There was a significant association between NICU admissions and women employment status (p = 0.001), gravidity (p = 0.001), parity (p = 0.001), history of abortions (p = 0.001), medical conditions (p = 0.049), and mode of delivery (p = 0.049). Conclusion: According to the findings of our study, GBS infection during pregnancy is associated to more NICU admissions. NICU admissions were significantly correlated with gestational diabetes, hypertension, and hypothyroidism in mothers but not with intrapartum antibiotic use.
文摘Pregnancy is a complex physiological process involving several interconnected systems. Many researchers were concerned that the formation of a fetus with different genetic components may contradict the normal state of immunity, which attempts to reject and fight foreign bodies. This piqued the interest of biologists and immunologists, who set out to discover the immune system’s composition and mode of response in the uterus. According to several studies, natural killer (NK) cells are present in a significant percentage that differs from what is seen in peripheral blood. As a result, several scientific studies have been conducted on uterine NK cells, investigating their types, characteristics, receptors, secretions, and interactions with the surrounding environment. Research has also indicated the capacity of uterine NK cells to strike a balance between eradicating uterine infections and effectively contributing to different phases of pregnancy. Various studies have shown that NK cell activity is intimately related to the success or failure of pregnancy. In this review, we describe the uterine NK cell subtypes;decidual (dNK) cells and endometrial NK cells (eNK) cells and their important role during different phases of pregnancy.
