Data Fusion in Distributed Multi-sensor System

This paper presents a data fusion method in distributed multi-sensor system including GPS and INS sensors’ data processing. First, a residual χ 2 \|test strategy with the corresponding algorithm is designed. Then a coefficient matrices calculation method of the information sharing principle is derived. Finally, the federated Kalman filter is used to combine these independent, parallel, real\|time data. A pseudolite (PL) simulation example is given.

Application of Integration of Spatial Statistical Analysis with GIS to Regional Economic Analysis

This paper summarizes a few spatial statistical analysis methods for to measuring spatial autocorrelation and spatial association, discusses the criteria for the identification of spatial association by the use of global Moran Coefficient, Local Moran and Local Geary. Furthermore, a user-friendly statistical module, combining spatial statistical analysis methods with GIS visual techniques, is developed in Arcview using Avenue. An example is also given to show the usefulness of this module in identifying and quantifying the underlying spatial association patterns between economic units.

Effect of Lanthanum and Yttrium on Microstructures of Cu-Cr alloys

Microstructures of Cu-based alloys (including CuO.8CrO.05La, CuO.8CrO.lLa, CuO.8CrO.4La, CuO.8CrO.05Y, CuO.8CrO.lY and CuO.8CrO.4Y) were studied by optical microscope, X-ray diffractometer, Scanning electron microscope and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The results show that La and Y refine the grains and change the distribution of microstructures of Cu-Cr alloys. The sizes of Cr particles are smaller in CuCrRE alloys than in CuCr alloy. In CuCrLa and CuCrY alloys, La and Y usually respectively exist as compounds of CugLa and Cu5Y. These compounds distribute in the grains with sphere shape and on the grain-boundaries with slice shape.

Effect of Reduction Associated with Organic Matter Decomposition on Magnetic Properties of Red Soils

Five soils derived from different parent materials were sampled from red soil region of southern China and studied by magnetic methodology to understand to what extent iron reduction would affect soil magnetic properties and how iron reduction would affect the magnetic minerals in soils. Reduction associated with organic matter decomposition strongly affected soil magnetic parameters at low pH. The losses of orition (SIRM) at pH 4～6 during the two-month saturation treatment, were 66%～94%, 54%～90%, 64%～95% and 33%～83%, respectively. These changes were interpreted as a consequence of substantial dissolution of maghaemite and haematite in the soils. At pH 10, however, there was no significant magnetic change observed. Moreover, stable single domain soil maghaemite grains were also sensitive to reduction, which suggested that both pedogenic and detrital maghaemite were not stable in acid and reducing environments.Goethite, instead, was the most stable iron form under reducing conditions.

Serial Analysis of Gene Expression in Monascus aurantiacus Producing Citrinin

To construct a tag expression library of Monascus aurantiacus that could produce citrinin maximally on the thirteenth (0.966 mg/mL) day in the submerged culture. Methods Total RNA was extracted from the mycelium, cDNA was synthesized using the SuperScript choice system, and then, a SAGE library was successfully constructed according to the MicroSAGE method. Results Five hundred and ninety eight clones were obtained in SAGE library, and 120 clones were picked out randomly for identification and sequencing purpose. Eighty nine clones had positive inserts, 26 clones had no inserts and the remaining 5 clones had no site of NlaⅢ enzyme in inserts. There were seven repeated clones. Conclusion With the aid of SAGE2000 software, 901 tags were obtained from 89 clones, representing 686 unique transcripts. Six unique tags of them belong to highly expressed genes (Number of tags≥10) and 143 unique tags to moderately expressed genes (repeat tags≥2).

Mechanochemical Reaction of Lanthanum Carbonate with Sodium Hydroxide and Preparation of Lanthanum Oxide Nanoparticle

The preparation of nano sized La 2O 3 powder by mechanochemical reaction of lanthanum carbonate with sodium hydroxide and subsequent heat treatment was studied using X ray diffraction, differential thermal and thermo gravimetric analysis and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the mechanochemical reaction process can be divided into two steps: the first step is the multi phases mechanochemical reaction of lanthanum carbonate with NaOH to form amorphous lanthanum basic carbonate and lanthanum hydroxide, and the second step is the crystallization of basic lanthanum carbonate with the formula of La 2(OH) 2(CO 3) 2·H 2O under a quasi hydrothermal synthesis condition caused by the mechanical ball milling. The synthesized La 2O 3 powder appears clearly separated spherical like monodisperse nano size particles in which particle size ranges from 30 to 50 nm.

Study on the Deactivation Kinetics of Pd(PPh_3)_2Cl_2 in the Monocarbonylation of Benzyl Chloride

The deactivation kinetics of Pd(PPh3)2Cl2 in the monocarbonylation of benzyl chloride to synthesize phenylacetic acid is studied in this paper. Solid 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) is used as the colouring agent, and the concentration of Pd(PPh3)2Cl2 in the system is measured through absorptiometry.The result shows that the optimum condition of the chromogenic reaction between Pd2+ and PAN is:0.5 ml of 0.04% PAN added to 10 ml of Pd2+ solution (1.0×10-6-2.0×10-5 mol/L), and heated in a constant temperature water bath at 40 ℃ for about 30 min, with pH of the solution being about 3.0.The molar coefficient of absorption is 1.384×104 L/(mol.cm); the orders of the hydrolytic reaction to the concentration of Pd(PPh3)2Cl2, PPh3, phenylacetic acid and NaOH are 0.5, minus 0.8, 2 and 1.2,respectively. The activation energy (E) of the hydrolytic reaction is 75.59 k J/mol, and the pre-exponential factor is 1.68×1012.

Engineering Photonic Crystal Impurity Bands for Multiple Channelled Optical Switches

We report theoretically on the engineering of photonic crystal impurity bands to realize multiple channelled optical switches. The mechanism is based on the confinement of the impurity band in a photonic quantum-well structure, leading to N-quantized confined states coming from N-coupled defects. Due to the strong localization of electromagnetic wave at defect regions, the transmission of confined states are greatly dependent on the defects and then multiple channelled optical switches can be realized by slightly changing the defects by a control light. The dependence of the threshold of such a switch on the layer number of photonic barriers is also given.

Study on the Synthesis of Phenylacetic Acid by Carbonylation of Benzyl Chloride under Normal Pressure

The influences of some factors on the yield of phenylacetic acid in the carbonylation of benzyl chloride were studied in this paper. These factors included the variety and content of catalyst, and that of solvent, way of material feeding, reaction temperature, sodium hydrate concentration, triphenylphosphine content, presence of surfactant, the ratio of organic phase volume to aqueous phase volume etc. The optimum reaction conditions were found to be: with a one-time pour of 0.15 g Pd(PPh3)2Cl2, 0.24 g PPh3, 75 ml NaOH of 3.5 mol/L, 20 ml benzyl chloride and 55 ml n-butyl alcohol, and the reaction was carried out at 50 ℃ for about 3 hours. The as-obtained yield of phenylacetic acid was as high as 97.6%.In addition, the influences of the presence of phenylacetic acid and air in the reaction system were also studied. The results showed that the presence of air in the system and the entrainment of phenylacetic acid in the circulating organic phase had great influence on the reaction rate, the stability and performance of catalyst and the yield of phenylacetic acid.

Novel Carbon Nanotubes-supported NiB Amorphors Alloy Catalyst for Benzene Hydrogenation

The NiB amorphous alloy catalysts supported on CNTs and alumina were prepared by impregnation and chemical reduction. The gas-phase benzene hydrogenation was used as a probe reaction to evaluate the catalytic activity. The result showed that the NiB amorphous alloy catalyst supported on carbon nanotubes exhibited higher activity than that supported on alumina.

One-step alternating direction implicit FDTD algorithm

In this paper, a novel unconditionally stable alternating direction implicit finite-different time-domain method(ADI-FDTD) called the one-step ADI-FDTD method is presented, where the calculation for one discrete time step is performed using only one procedure, but not the original two sub-updating procedures. Consequently, the proposed one-step ADI-FDTD methods have consumed less computer memory and computation resources and have been faster than the conventional ADI-FDTD methods. We analytically and numerically verified that the new algorithm is unconditionally stable and free from the Courant condition.

Molecular Cloning and Identification of a Heat Shock Cognate Protein 70 Gene, Thhsc70, in Thellungiella halophila

Heat shock cognate proteins 70 (hsp70s) act as molecular chaperones. Some hsp70s are also expressed in unstressed plants, known as hsc70. To gain further knowledge about the hsc70, the Thellungiella halophila hsc70 (Thhsc70) gene that encoded the cytosolic hsc70 in salt cress (T.halophila (C.A.Mey.) O.E.Schulz) was identified. In unstressed plants the expression of Thhsc70was shown to be tissue-specific. The Thhsc70 gene was induced by heat and cold stresses, but almost not by salt and drought stresses. Overexpression of Thhsc7Ocould increase thermctolerance and chilling tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants.

Luminescent Properties and Mechanism of Gd1-x-yAlO3Eux,REy

GAP:Eu,Re(Gd1-x-yAlO3Eux,REy?A，RE=Pr or Ce) powders were prepared by a nitrate-citrate process. It is found that luminescent intensity decreases when GAP:Eu is co-doped with Pr or Ce. The phenomena of spectra prove that there is a resonant energy transfer between Eu and Pr, by the absorption and emission of lower-energy phonon, and also Ce sensitizer decreases the activator energy level from host→Eu. The two factors are considered to be the main reasons for decrease of the luminescent intensity for the co-doped GAP:Eu,Re.

Estimation of Critical Rate of Temperature Rise for Thermal Explosion of First Order Autocatalytic Decomposition Reaction Systems by Using Non-isothermal DSC

A method of estimating the critical rate of temperature rise for the thermal explosion of first order autocatalytic decomposition reaction systems by using non-isothermal DSC is presented. The information was obtained on the increasing rate of temperature for the first order autocatalytic decomposition of nitrocellulose containing 13.86% nitrogen converting into the thermal explosion.

Effects of Citric Acid Concentration and Activation Temperature on the Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes

A series of Ni-La-Mg catalyst samples were prepared by citric acid complex method, and carbon nanotubes were synthesized by catalytic decomposition of CH4 on these catalysts. The effects of the citric acid concentration and the activation temperature on catalytic activity were investigated by CO adsorption,TEM and XRD techniques. The experimental results showed that the particle size of the catalysts prepared through gel auto-combustion varied with the concentration of citric acid. Therefore carbon nanotubes with different diameters were obtained correspondingly. The effect of activation temperature on the activity of catalyst was negligible from 500 to 700 ℃, but it became pronounced at lower or higher temperatures.

A SIMULATION STUDY OF DEPOSITION UNDER TWO TYPES OF IMPINGING TRAJECTORIES

A model coupling particle aggregation and randomwalk surface diffusion has been developed for 2D simulation of depositional growth, in which impinging particles follow either a straight-line trajectory of cosine distribution, representing typically sputter deposition, or a scattered trajectory, representing typically electrochemical deposition. Simulations of the growth under various impinging conditions and effective surface diffusivity have been carried out. Pattern and defect development in deposition on flat, trenched and ridged substrates have been investigated. We found that on flat and ridged substrates, both types of trajectories yield similar features, including formation of cone-like defects on surface ridges. While on trenched substrate, the straight-line impingement yielded more uniform step coverage than the scattered impingement.

Effect of Sodium Chloride on Formation Process of Spherical Nano-Size Ceria

A novel method for preparation of nano-size spherical ceria by milling hydrated cerium carbonate with sodium chloride as grind aid agent and agglomeration inhibitor was investigated. The effects of mass ratio of hydrated cerium carbonate to sodium chloride,milling time, calcination temperature on CeO2 crystallite size were investigated by means of XRD. TEM micrograph of final product shows that CeO2 powder obtained is spherically-shaped particle with crystallite size in the range of 30-50 nm. The resuhs show that the co-existing sodium chloride in as-milled powders takes an important role for the formation of spherical ceria nanoparticle. And its grind-aiding and agglomer-ation-inhibiting action during milling and subsequentealeing period were discussed.

Non-locality of Entangled Coherent States and Its Evolution in a Thermal Reservoir

Regarding the necessary and sufficient condition violating Bell-CHSH's inequality as criterion for nonlocality of entangled states, we present a perturbative calculation determining non-locality of evolving entangled states.Furthermore, by means of the perturbative calculation, the non-locality and its evolution of two kinds of entangled coherent states in a thermal reservoir are discussed.