Inhibitor of fatty acid synthase induced apoptosis in human colonic cancer cells

INTRODUCTIONThe treatment of human epithelial malignancies islimited by drug resistance and toxic and side effects,which results in the failure in the treatment ofmajority of advanced cancer victims.To seek for anew,and specific antineoplastic therapy willprovide hope for tumor treatment.Althoughdisordered intermediary metabolism in cancer cellshas been known for many years,much of the

我国铁路人群人型支原体感染状况的调查研究

1990年4～5月,在全国铁路人群按统一设计方案,整群抽查18个铁路地区5197名饮服职工和广州铁路局1330名不同职业人群人型支原体感染情况的调查。结果表明,该病流行范围相当广泛,有7个路局的15个地区铁路职工中存在不同程度的感染(0.70～11.64％)。平均阳性率为4.93％。大量数据揭示了铁路人群Mh感染的基本特点,为我国制定正确的防治对策和措施提供了科学依据。

遗传性球形红细胞增多症患者外周血红细胞形态的扫描电镜观察

目的 :为探讨遗传性球形红细胞增多症异形红细胞的形态分类、发生演变、诊断和鉴别 ,本文运用扫描电镜技术对遗传性球形红细胞增多症患者外周血红细胞进行研究。方法 :7例遗传性球形红细胞增多症患者及 2例家系成员的静脉血置于扫描电镜下观察。结果 :在观察红细胞从盘形到口形 ,最终至球形的过程中 ,作者对各型红细胞直径和中央凹陷直径及细胞厚度的变化作了测量 ,并结合细胞表面形态和测量结果将病变红细胞分成 5个亚型 ,即 :盘口型 -碗口型 -球口型 -口球型 -典型球形 ,其他少量出现的异常红细胞 (棘状和靶状红细胞 )则归于畸变类。结论 :上述分型对于判断异形红细胞类型和诊断本病很有帮助。

ARTHRALGIA TREATED BY ACUPUNCTURE WITHIN "CHIFU" AREA

Chifu refers to the skin covering the areafrom the wrist joint to the elbow joint, about 1chi (1/3 meter) in length in adults.Acupuncture with filiform needle at certainpoints within Chifu area exhibits quitesatisfactory therapeutic results for treatment ofsprain and contusion of the four extremities.The following are some examples.

NEW DRUG TARGETING TREATMENT-GLIVEC

This review evaluates the role of Glivec in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and other malignant tumors. Preclinical and clinical evidence showed that Glivec demonstrated a potent and specific inhibition on BCR-ABL positive leukemias and other malignant tumors in which overexpression of c-kit and PDGFR-b played a major role in their pathogenesis. Glivec has induced complete hematologic responses in up to 98% of patients evaluated in clinical trials. It's a very successful drug that supported the idea of targeted therapy through inhibition of tyrosine kinases. Although it's still in the early stages of clinical development and the resistance to Glivec remains to be a problem needed further study, a great deal has been learned from these research and observation. And with the increasing data, molecular targeting therapy will play much more important role in the treatment of malignant tumors. With the better understanding of the pathogenesis of malignant tumors, well-designed drugs targeting the specific molecular abnormalities with higher efficacy and lower side effect will benefit numerous patients with malignant tumors.

Clinical features of adult spinal muscular atrophy:46 cases

BACKGROUND： Spinal muscular atrophy （SMA） is a kind of degenerative disease of nervous system. There are 4 types in clinic, especially types Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ are common, and the researches on those 3 types are relative mature. Type IV is a kind of adult spinal muscular atrophy （ASMA）, which has low incidence rate and is often misdiagnosed as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, cervical syndrome, or others.OBJEETIVE： To observe the clinical features of 46 ASMA patients and analyze the relationship between course and activity of daily living. DESIGN ： Case analysis.SETTING： Departments of Neurology of the 81 Hospital of Chinese PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical College and General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS ： A total of 46 ASMA patients were selected from the Departments of Neurology of the 81 Hospital of Chinese PLA, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical College and General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA between April 1998 and January 2002. All patients were consentient. Among 46 cases, there were 37 males and 9 females with the mean age of 42 years. The patients＇ courses in all ranged from 6 months to 23 years, concretely, courses of 37 cases were less than or equal to 5 years, and those of 9 cases were more than or equal to 6 years.METHODS： ① All the 46 ASMA patients were asked to check blood sedimentation, anti O, serum creatinine, creatine, blood creatine phosphokinase （CPK） and muscular biopsy as early as possible. ②X-ray was used to measure plain film of cervical vertebra borderline film of cranium and neck at proximal end of upper limb of 25 cases and plain film of abdominal vertebra at proximal end of lower limb of 17 cases. ③ Cerebrospinal fluid of lumbar puncture was checked on 42 cases, for routine examination, biochemical examination, and immunoglobulin examination. Electromyogram （EMG） was also examined to 42 cases. ④ Barthel index was used to evaluate activities of daily living （ADL） of patients with various courses. The index ranged from 1 to 100. The more the index of a ASMA was, the stronger his independence was. ⑤ The Barthel indexes of patients with courses ≤ 5 years and those ≥ 6 years were compared with univariate analysis of variance. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ① Incidences of all patients at the first time; ② values of relative blood and blood biochemistry; ③results of muscular biopsy; ④ results of EMG and relative X-ray plain film of 42 cases; ⑤ results of cerebrospinal fluid of 42 cases; ⑥ comparisons of Barthel index of patients with various courses.RESULTS： A total of 46 ASMA patients were involved in the final analysis. ① Incidence on the first time： 25 patients had the disease at the proximal end of upper limb, 17 at the proximal end of lower limb, and 4 at the four limbs. ② Value of serum-blood CPK of one fourth patients was increased slightly （3.034-9.735 μkat/L; normal value： 0.400-3.001 μkat/L）, and other values of blood and blood biochemical indicator were normal. ③Results of muscle biopsy of all patients showed that a small group of muscular atrophy could be observed mostly, and muscle group in the same type and compensatory hypertrophy of muscle fibres were also observed with ATP enzyme staining. ④ Results of EMG of 42 cases suggested that 37 patients had mild and moderate nerve-derived injury and 3 had mild muscle-derived injury. Results of all the X-ray plain films in this study were normal. ⑤ Results of routine, biochemical and immunoglobulin examination in cerebrospinal fluid of lumbar puncture in 42 cases were all normal. ⑥The difference between Barthel indexes of patients with courses ≤ 5 years and those ≥ 6 years was not significant [（64.73±20.38） vs （68.89±21.76） points, P〉 0.05]. CONCLUSION ： ① Amyasthenia is mainly occurred at the proximal end of the four limbs of ASMA patients. A small group of muscular atrophy is its mostly pathological change, and the progression of the disease is slow. ② Most patients have mild and moderate nerve-derived injury under EMG examination.③ The duration of a patient suffered from the disease has no obvious effect on his ADL ability.

Molecular and Crystal Structure of 4-Amino-4'-Nitrodiphenyl Ether

The title compound (C 12 H 10 N 2O 3, M r =230.22) is monoclinic, space group P2 1/c with unit cell of a=7.234 (1), b=8.999 (1), c=16.907(2) ; β=102.47°, V=1099.6(2) 3, Z=4, D c= 1.391g/cm 3; λ (Mo Kα )=0.71073 , μ =0.102mm -1 , F (000)=480, final R=0.0322, wR= 0.0770 for 1937 observed reflections [ I>2σ(I) ]. Structure analyses reveal that the two benzene rings are almost perpendicular and the bond angle between the two benzene rings is 118.44°.

STUDY ON THE RFLPs AND AMPLICATION AND REARRANGEMENT OF THE TRANSFORMING GENES IN PRIMARY HEPATIC CARCINOMA, GASTRIC CARCINOMA AND BRAIN TUMOR WITH SIX HUMAN ONCOGENE PROBES

By using c-Ha-ras-1, N-ras Wigler (left sequence) and P52C.(right sequence), c-sis, v-erbB, c-myc and v-fos oncogenes as probes, restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of tumor tissue DNAs of 95 patients with gastric carcinoma, primary hepatic carcinoma and brain tumor, and those of 90 normal individuals were studied with the techniques of Southern blot and dot blot. Gene amplification and recombination were also examined in some tumors simultaneously. Some alleles of oncogene are reported in Chinese population for the first time. Moreover, the characteristic frequency of some "rare" alleles and genotypes occurred in some tumor samples is significantly higher than that occured in normal individuals. Pedigree analysis for 2 patients showed that some "rare" alleles are also abandant. Besides, gene amplification and recombination were found in some tumors.

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON RFLP OF MITOCHONDRIAL DNA OF CHINESE PEOPLE OF HAN NATIONALITY

During recent years, workers have done a lot of researches on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of many different races of people residing abroad. This provides a sound basis for comparison of hereditary similarities among various races and for investigating the mechanism of heredity and variety within a race. In this report the authors give the results of preliminary study on RFLP of mtDNA of Chinese people of Han nationality with 11 restriction endonucleases that recognize 6 base pairs.

MODULATION OF RAT KUPFFER CELLS ON HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTORS ON HEPATOCYTES

The present study found that conditioned media from Kupffer cells preincubated with acetylated LDL or acetylated LDL and zymosan increased the number of HDL receptors on hepatocytes, using the method of conditioned media transfer. This indicated that the transferable factors produced by Kupffer cells modulate HDL receptors on hepatocytes.

Immunofluorescence laser confocal expression and localization study of rat nerve growth guidance cues Netrin-1 and Slit2 after spinal cord injury

Objective： To observe the expression and distribution of adult rat axon guidance cues Netrin- 1 and Slit2 at different time points after spinal cord injury and to investigate the guidance mechanism of regenerated axons. Methods： Twenty adult Sprague Dawley （SD） rats were divided randomly into five groups with 4 in each. Four groups of them were used to make Allen＇s spinal cord punch models and we took materials randomly from one of them on the 2nd, 4th, 7th and 14th day respectively after operation. The left one group was taken as the control group. Immun- ofluorescence laser confocal scan was used to examine the co-expression and localization of Netrin- 1 and Slit2 proteinsin the injured site of the spinal cord. Results： Within two weeks after SCI, the expression of Netrin- 1 and Slit2 proteins increased temporarily and there was co-expression of them on the neuron plasma membrane. Conclusions： Synchronous high expression and co-expression of axon attractant Netrin-1 and repellent Slit2 are found in the adult rat injured spinal cord in the damaged local and vicinity parts, and probably, they act as the key regulators of axon guidance regeneration.

Meiotic Chromosome Behavior in a Human Male t(8;15)Carrier

Reciprocal translocation is one of the most common structural chromosomal rearrangements in human beings; it is widely recognized to be associated with male infertility. This association is mainly based on the abnormal chromosome behavior of the translocated chromosomes and sex chromosomes during meiosis prophase I in reciprocal translocation carriers. However, the underlying mechanisms are not completely known. Here we report a reciprocal translocation carrier of t（8;15）, who is oligozoospermic due to apoptosis of primary spermatocytes and to premature germ cell desquamation from seminiferous tubules. Further analysis showed abnormal synapsis and recombination frequency in this patient, indicating a connection between chromosome behavior and apoptosis of primary spermatocytes. We also compared these observations with recently reported findings on spermatogenesis defects in reciprocal translocation carriers, and discuss the possible mechanisms underlying both common and unique phenotypes of reciprocal translocations involving different chromosomes with the aim of further understanding the regulation of human spermatogenesis.

A Phenomenological Model of the Solar Flare Based on the Evolution of Filament Current

It was shown observationally that there existed a close relation between flare occur-rence and filament motion at the same time. Van Tend and Kuperus andmany authors afterwards studied theoretically the physical relationship between flare processand the evolution and motion of the filament current in active regions. However, due tothe difficulty in obtaining observational material of high quality and the complexity

Chinese expert consensus on the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage-related hydrocephalus

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage-related hydrocephalus(aSAH-H)refers to a clinical syndrome of excessive secretion,obstructive absorption,or circulatory disturbance of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF)with subarachnoid hemorrhage following rupture of aneurysm that leads to excessive accumulation of intracranial CSF and enlargement of ventricles impairing neurological function.aSAH is an important risk factor for hydrocephalus[1,2].According to fluid dynamics,aSAH-H is divided into communicating and obstructive hydrocephalus;according to the time of occurrence.

ORIGIN OF THE MUTANT GENE IN ONE CHINESE BECKER MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY FAMILY

Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD)is a common X-linked recessive neuromuscular disorder which affects 3- 6/10~5 of newborn boys. BMD is characterized by a milder clinical course, longer life and later onset as compared with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). BMD and DMD are located in the same locus and are considered to be allelic.

QUASILINEAR MODEL IN PHARMACOKINETICS

In classical linear pharmacokinetics, elimination rate of drugs is regarded as a constant, so elimination of drugs is independent of dose. But recent studies have showed that it is not true for some drugs. Levy found in 1965 that the elimination of salicylamide is dosedependent and its biological half-life increases with dose. To account for this phenomenon,

STUDY ON PLASMA CONCENTRATION OF DRUGS IN STEADY-STATE FOR INTRAVENOUS INJECTION IN MICHAELIS-MENTEN ELIMINATION KINETICS

The Michaelis-Menten elimination process for intravenous injection can be described as-dC/dt= VmC/（Km+C）. （1）The equations for the maximum, minimum and average plasma concentration of drugswhich obey Eq.（1）in steady-state, Cssmax, Cssmin and are derived as follows:Cssmax=D/[V(1-e-Hτ)] , （2）

STUDIES ON SPECIFIC SEROLOGICAL ANTIGENS IN METACERCARIAE AND JUVENILES OF Paragoniums westermani AND ITS MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

The polyclonal antibodies to juveniles of Paragoniums westermani (PwJ-PcAbs) from sera of Wistar rats infected with Paragoniums westerrnani (P. w.)were purified by Sephadex G 200 chromatography. Next the shared serological antigens of P. w. metacercaria and juveniles (PwMJ-SAg) from the crude antigens of the metacercariae (M-NS-Ag) were purified with immuno-affinity chromatography on cyanogen bromide-activated cross-linked Sepharose 4B beads coupled withPwJ-PcAbs. PwMJ-SAg, agroup of glycoprotein molecules shown by the staining test, were specific serological antigens of P. w. metacercariae and juveniles, identified by the immunoabsorb test and immunoelectrophoresis. By SDSPAGE, PwMJ-SAg were fractionated to seven bands, including major bands A(27.SK) and Bi(19.5 K), the two major serological antigen molecules. 20 sera samples from the patients with the nonpulmonary type of P. w. paragonimiasis were detected using PwMJ-SAg and M-NS-Ag by Dot-ELISA, and the difference of sensitivity between two antigens was highly statistically significant (P<0.001). BALB/c mice, in the early stage of infection with P. w. metacercaria, were immunized with PwMJ-SAg. The spleen cells of the mice were isolated and fused with SP_2/o, a murine myeloma cell line. After three subclonal cultures, eight cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) to PwMJ-SAg were prepared from 384 wells of hybridoma cells. All McAbs were IgG_1 subclass.

EFFICIENCY OF M:N MATCHING IN CASE-CONTROL STUDIES

In case-control studies, controls are often more readily obtained than cases so it makes sense to have the control-case ratio larger than 1. In case-control design, for the basic form of one dichtomous risk factor, we have been using the formula R/(1+R) for the relative efficiency of 1: R matching to 1:∞ matching and current textbooks all point out that a matching ratio R of 4 to 5 will generally suffice,

Study on the violet LED-induced fluorescence spectra of thioredoxin reductase from human brain

The technique of fluorescence spectroscopy is applied to study thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) in the cells of human brain. Experimental results show that, by the violet light emitting diode (LED, Amax=407 nm) light irradiation, TrxR is able to emit three striking spectral bands (528 - 582 nm; 588 - 660 nm; 683 - 700 nm). The fluorescence intensity is linear to the concentration of TrxR. The spectrum of denatured TrxR is rather different from that of organized TrxR, which reflects the structure change between denatured TrxR and organized TrxR. Furthermore, physical and biochemical mechanisms of fluorescence production for LED light-induced TrxR spectra and its characteristics are analyzed. This paper may be useful to better understand the structure of TrxR, and to provide new spectroscopic information to improve the resolution for this kind of biology structure.