Photothermal cancer therapy is an alternative to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. With the development of nanophotothermal agents, this therapy holds immense potential in clinical translation. However, the tox...Photothermal cancer therapy is an alternative to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. With the development of nanophotothermal agents, this therapy holds immense potential in clinical translation. However, the toxicity issues derived from the fact that nanomaterials are trapped and retained in the reticuloendothelial systems limit their biomedical application.Developing biodegradable photothermal agents is the most practical route to address these concerns. In addition to the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, various internal and external stimuli play key roles on nanomaterials uptake,transport, and clearance. In this review, we summarized novel nanoplatforms for photothermal therapy; these nanoplatforms can elicit stimuli-triggered degradation. We focused on the recent innovative designs endowed with biodegradable photothermal agents under different stimuli, including enzyme, p H, and near-infrared(NIR) laser.展开更多
Ultra-thin flexible films have attracted wide attention because of their excellent ductility and potential versatility.In particular,the energy-harvesting films(EHFs)have become a research hotspot because of the indis...Ultra-thin flexible films have attracted wide attention because of their excellent ductility and potential versatility.In particular,the energy-harvesting films(EHFs)have become a research hotspot because of the indispensability of power source in various devices.However,the design and fabrication of such films that can capture or transform di erent types of energy from environments for multiple usages remains a challenge.Herein,the multifunctional flexible EHFs with e ective electro-/photo-thermal abilities are proposed by successive spraying Ag microparticles and MXene suspension between on waterborne polyurethane films,supplemented by a hot-pressing.The optimal coherent film exhibits a high electrical conductivity(1.17×10^(4)S m^(-1)),excellent Joule heating performance(121.3℃)at 2 V,and outstanding photo-thermal performance(66.2℃ within 70 s under 100 mW cm^(-1)).In addition,the EHFs-based single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerators(TENG)give short-circuit transferred charge of 38.9 nC,open circuit voltage of 114.7 V,and short circuit current of 0.82μA.More interestingly,the output voltage of TENG can be further increased via constructing the double triboelectrification layers.The comprehensive ability for harvesting various energies of the EHFs promises their potential to satisfy the corresponding requirements.展开更多
Flexible electrically pumped random laser(RL) based on ZnO nanowires is demonstrated for the first time to our knowledge. The ZnO nanowires each with a length of 5 μm and an average diameter of 180 nm are synthesiz...Flexible electrically pumped random laser(RL) based on ZnO nanowires is demonstrated for the first time to our knowledge. The ZnO nanowires each with a length of 5 μm and an average diameter of 180 nm are synthesized on flexible substrate(ITO/PET) by a simple hydrothermal method. No obvious visible defect-related-emission band is observed in the photoluminescence(PL) spectrum, indicating that the ZnO nanowires grown on the flexible ITO/PET substrate have few defects. In order to achieve electrically pumped random lasing with a lower threshold, the metal–insulator–semiconductor(MIS) structure of Au/SiO2/ZnO on ITO/PET substrate is fabricated by low temperature process. With sufficient forward bias, the as-fabricated flexible device exhibits random lasing, and a low threshold current of ~ 11.5 m A and high luminous intensity are obtained from the ZnO-based random laser. It is believed that this work offers a case study for developing the flexible electrically pumped random lasing from ZnO nanowires.展开更多
Disk-like liquid crystals(DLCs) can self-assemble to ordered columnar mesophases and are intriguing onedimensional organic semiconductors with high charge carrier mobility.To improve their applicable property of mes...Disk-like liquid crystals(DLCs) can self-assemble to ordered columnar mesophases and are intriguing onedimensional organic semiconductors with high charge carrier mobility.To improve their applicable property of mesomorphic temperature ranges,we exploit the binary mixtures of electronic donor-acceptor DLC materials.The electron-rich2,3,6,7,10,11-hexakis(alkoxy)triphenylenes(C4,C6,C8,C10,C12) and an electron-deficient tetrapentyl triphenylene-2,3,6,10-tetracarboxylate have been prepared and their binary mixtures have been investigated.The mesomorphism of the1:1(molar ratio) mixtures has been characterized by polarizing optical microscopy(POM),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),and small angel x-ray scattering(SAXS).The self-assembled monolayer structure of a discogen on a solid-liquid interface has been imaged by the high resolution scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).The match of peripheral chain length has important influence on the mesomorphism of the binary mixtures.展开更多
The self-assembled behavior of an unsymmetric molecule(BCDTDA)with one imidazole group as center and benzoic acid group as functional group is studied,and the regulatory behaviors of coronene(COR)and three bipyridine ...The self-assembled behavior of an unsymmetric molecule(BCDTDA)with one imidazole group as center and benzoic acid group as functional group is studied,and the regulatory behaviors of coronene(COR)and three bipyridine derivatives(named BP,PEBP-C4 and PEBP-C8)on BCDTDA self-assembly structures are also investigated.Based on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HOPG)substrate,scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)is used to observe the variation of assembled behaviors at the solid-liquid interface.Because of the concentration effect,BCDTDA molecules can assemble into grids and Kagomés structures in the form of N–H…O hydrogen bonded dimers.BCDTDA molecules still maintain dimeric structures in the regulation of COR and BP molecules to BCDTDA self-assembly.However,PEBP-C4 and PEBP-C8 destroy the structure of the dimers,and form a variety of co-assembled structures with BCDTDA.Different guest molecules coordinate the host molecules differently,which makes the experiment more meaningful.Combined with density functional theory(DFT)calculation,the discovery of molecular interactions provides a promising strategy for the construction of functional nanostructures and devices.展开更多
The interaction between organic photoelectric molecules leads to the formation of a certain aggregation structure,which plays a pivotal role in the charge transport at the intermolecular interface.In view of this,we i...The interaction between organic photoelectric molecules leads to the formation of a certain aggregation structure,which plays a pivotal role in the charge transport at the intermolecular interface.In view of this,we investigated the mechanism and law of intermolecular interaction by detecting the self-assembled behaviors between organic photoelectric molecules at the interface by scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).In this work,the structural transformations of tetraphenylethylene acids(H_(4)ETTCs)on graphite surface induced by temperature and triazine derivatives(zcy-19,zcy-27,and zcy-38 molecules)were studied by STM technology and density functional theory(DFT)calculations.At room temperature,zcy-19 and H_(4)ETTC molecules formed a small range of ordered co-assembled nanostructure,while for zcy-27 or zcy-38 molecules,no co-assembled nanostructures were observed and only their own self-assembled structures existed on graphite surface,individually.In the thermal annealing trials,the original co-assembled H_(4)ETTC/zcy-19 structure disappeared,and only zcy-19 and H_(4)ETTC self-assembled in separate domains.Nevertheless,new well-ordered H_(4)ETTC/zcy-27 or H_(4)ETTC/zcy-38 co-assembled structures appeared at different annealing temperatures,respectively.Combined with DFT calculations,we further analyzed the mechanism of such structural transformations by triazine derivatives and temperature.Results reveal that triazine derivatives could interact with H_(4)ETTC by N–H···O and O–H···N hydrogen bondings,and whether temperature or zcy series compounds could achieve successful regulation of H_(4)ETTC assembly behavior is closely associated with the conjugated skeleton length of zcy series compounds.展开更多
High sensitivity and fast response are the figures of merit for benchmarking commercial sensors.Due to the advantages of intrinsic signal amplification,bionic ability,and mechanical flexibility,electrochemical transis...High sensitivity and fast response are the figures of merit for benchmarking commercial sensors.Due to the advantages of intrinsic signal amplification,bionic ability,and mechanical flexibility,electrochemical transistors(ECTs)have recently gained increasing popularity in constructing various sensors.In the current work,we have proposed a pulse-driven synaptic ECT for supersensitive and ultrafast biosensors.By pulsing the presynaptic input(drain bias,VD)and setting the modulation potential(gate bias)near transconductance intersection(VG,i),the synaptic ECT-based pH sensor can achieve a record high sensitivity up to 124 mV pH^(-1)(almost twice the Nernstian limit,59.2 mV pH^(-1))and an ultrafast response time as low as 8.75 ms(7169 times faster than the potentiostatic sensors,62.73 s).The proposed synaptic sensing strategy can effectively eliminate the transconductance fluctuation issue during the calibration process of the pH sensor and significantly reduce power consumption.Besides,the most sensitive working point at VG,i has been elaborately figured out through a series of detailed mathematical derivations,which is of great significance to provide higher sensitivity with quasi-nonfluctuating amplification capability.The proposed electrochemical synaptic transistor paired with an optimized operating gate offers a new paradigm for standardizing and commercializing high-performance biosensors.展开更多
Recently,a research team led by Prof.CHEN Chunying from the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology(NCNST)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)revealed that gut microbiota can ferment exogenous carbon nanomat...Recently,a research team led by Prof.CHEN Chunying from the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology(NCNST)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)revealed that gut microbiota can ferment exogenous carbon nanomaterials(CNMs)as carbon source into short-chain fatty acids.A related research achievement entitled“A new capacity of gut microbiota:fermentation of engineered inorganic carbon nanomaterials into endogenous organic metabolites”was published in PNAS.展开更多
Carbon-based single-atom catalysts(SACs)have been widely studied in the field of biomedicine due to their excellent catalytic performance.However,carbon-based SACs usually aggregate during pyrolysis,which leads to the...Carbon-based single-atom catalysts(SACs)have been widely studied in the field of biomedicine due to their excellent catalytic performance.However,carbon-based SACs usually aggregate during pyrolysis,which leads to the reduction of catalytic activity.Here,we describe a method to improve the monodispersion of SACs using silicon dioxide as a protective layer.The decoration of silicon dioxide serves as a buffer layer for individual nanoparticles,which is not destroyed during the pyrolysis process,ensuring the single-particle dispersion of the nanoparticles after etching.This approach increased the hydroxyl groups on the surface of Fe-SAC(Fe-SAC-SE)and improved its water solubility,resulting in a four times enhancement of the peroxidase(POD)-like activity of Fe-SAC-SE(58.4 U/mg)than that of non-protected SACs(13.9 U/mg).The SiO_(2)-protection approach could also improve the catalytic activities of SACs with other metals such as Mn,Co,Ni,and Cu,indicating its generality for SACs preparation.Taking advantage of the high POD-like activity,photothermal properties,and large specific surface area of Fe-SAC-SE,we constructed a synergistic therapeutic system(Fe-SAC-SE@DOX@PEG)for combining the photothermal therapy,catalytic therapy,and chemotherapy.It was verified that the photothermal properties of Fe-SAC-SE@DOX@PEG could effectively improve its POD-like activity,exhibiting excellent tumor-killing performance at the cellular level.This work may provide a general approach to improve the performances of SACs for disease therapy and diagnosis.展开更多
Inspired by sophisticated biological structures and their physiological processes, supramolecular chemistry has been developed for understanding and mimicking the behaviors of natural species. Through spontaneous self...Inspired by sophisticated biological structures and their physiological processes, supramolecular chemistry has been developed for understanding and mimicking the behaviors of natural species. Through spontaneous self-assembly of functional building blocks, we are able to control the structures and regulate the functions of resulting supramolecular assemblies. Up to now, numerous functional supramolecular assemblies have been constructed and successfully employed as molecular devices, machines and biological diagnostic platforms. This review will focus on molecular structures of functional molecular building blocks and their assembled superstructures for biological detection and delivery.展开更多
Angiogenesis occurs during the process of tumor growth,invasion and metastasis,and is essential for the survival of solid tumors.As an integrin significantly ove rexpressed in human tumor vascular endothelial cells,α...Angiogenesis occurs during the process of tumor growth,invasion and metastasis,and is essential for the survival of solid tumors.As an integrin significantly ove rexpressed in human tumor vascular endothelial cells,αvβ3 is a suitable targeting site for anti-angiogenesis of tumor.We designed and prepared a selfassembling peptide(SAP)with the ability to targeting αvβ3 and self-assembly.SAP formed nanoparticles in solution and transformed into nanofibrous network once specifically binding to integrin αvβ3 on the surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).The SAP network stably anchored on HUVECs over 24h,which consequently resulted in high-efficient inhibition of vascularization.In vitro anti-angiogenesis experiment displayed that the inhibition rate of tube-formation reached 94.9%.In vivo anti-angiogenesis array based on chick chorioallantoic membrane(CAM)model exhibited that the SAP had an inhibition rate up to 63.1%.These results indicated the outstanding anti-angiogenic ability of SAP,potentially for tumor therapy.展开更多
The prediction of two-dimensional molecular self-assembly structures has always been a problem to be solved.The molecules with meta-dicarboxyl groups can self-assemble into a specific hexagonal cavity,which has an imp...The prediction of two-dimensional molecular self-assembly structures has always been a problem to be solved.The molecules with meta-dicarboxyl groups can self-assemble into a specific hexagonal cavity,which has an important influence on the prediction of molecular self-assembly structures and the application of functional molecules with meta-dicarboxyl groups.Two kinds of molecules with four pairs of meta-dicarboxyl groups,1,3,6,8-tet「akis(3,5-isophthalic acid)pyrene(H_(8)TIAPy)and 4′,4′",4′"",4""-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayl)tetrakis(([1,1′-biphenyl]-3,5-dicarboxylic acid))(H8ETTB)molecules were chosen to observe the self-assembly behavior at the heptanoic acid/highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HA/HOPG)interface.H8TIAPy molecules self-assembled into well-ordered quadrilateral structures and could be regulated into kagome networks with hexagonal pores by coronene(COR)molecules.H8ETTB molecules self-assembled into lamellar structures and transformed into acid-COR-acid-COR co-assembled structures at low concentration of COR solution and acid-COR dimer-acid-COR dimer co-assembled structures at high concentration of COR solution.The reason that H8ETTB molecules could not be regulated into hexagonal porous architecture was attributed to the steric hindrance by the similar length and width of H8ETTB molecules.The H8ETTB templates had stronger adsorption for COR than that of hexaphenylbenzene(HPB),regardless of the order of molecular introduction.展开更多
Hyperthermia has long been considered as an adjuvant therapy for treating various diseases. Cancer treatment exploiting hyperthermia shows great clinical potential for a wide range of tumors. Importantly, the efficacy...Hyperthermia has long been considered as an adjuvant therapy for treating various diseases. Cancer treatment exploiting hyperthermia shows great clinical potential for a wide range of tumors. Importantly, the efficacy of hyperthermal therapy has recently been enhanced by the development of functional nanomaterials. The unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials afford the specific localization of hyperthermia to primary tumors and early-stage cancers. In particular, due to their high rate of light-to-heat conversion and their capacity to be activated by tissue-penetrating electromagnetic radiation, near-infrared (NIR) light-absorbing plasmonic nanomaterials have attracted considerable attention as candidates for noninvasive photothermal therapy. The purpose of this article is to provide a overview on the current development in multifunctional nanomaterials capable of combined hyperthermia-chemotherapy delivery.展开更多
A square-grid triboelectric nanogenerator (SG-TENG) is demonstrated for harvesting vibrational energy and sensing impulsive forces. Each square of the three-dimensional (3D)-printed square grid is filled with an a...A square-grid triboelectric nanogenerator (SG-TENG) is demonstrated for harvesting vibrational energy and sensing impulsive forces. Each square of the three-dimensional (3D)-printed square grid is filled with an aluminum (A1) ball. The grid structure allows the SG-TENG to harvest vibrational energy over a broad bandwidth and operate at different vibrational angles. The most striking feature of the SG-TENG is its ability of being scaled and integrated. After connecting two SG-TENGs in parallel, the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current are significantly increased over the full vibrational frequency range. Being integrated with a table tennis racket, the SG-TENG can harvest the vibrational energy from hitting a ping pong ball using the racket, where a direct hit by the racket generates an average output voltage of 10,9 ~ 0.6 V and an average output current of 0.09 ± 0.02 boA. Moreover, the SG-TENG integrated into a focus mitt can be used in various combat sports, such as boxing and taekwondo, to monitor the frequency and magnitude of the punches or kicks from boxers and other practitioners. The collected data allow athletes to monitor their status and improve their performance skills. This work demonstrates the enormous potential of the SG-TENG in energy harvesting and sensing applications.展开更多
We fabricate a flexible hybrid nanogenerator (HNG), based on multilayered nanocomposite materials, which integrates a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) and a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) into a single str...We fabricate a flexible hybrid nanogenerator (HNG), based on multilayered nanocomposite materials, which integrates a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) and a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) into a single structure with only two electrodes. The HNG enables enhancement of the electrical output of the nano- generators. An open-circuit voltage of 280 V and a short-circuit current of 25 μA are achieved by a HNG of 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm in size, superior to the performance of previously reported HNGs. In addition, the energy-conversion process of the HNG relies on the working mechanism of both the PENG and TENG. The polarization direction and doping content of BTO are the two major factors that affect the electrical output. Biomechanical energy harvesting from walking motion or the bending of an arm is also demonstrated.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)materials are highly sensitive to substrates,interfaces,and the surrounding environments.Suspended 2D materials are free from substrate-induced effects,thus an ideal approach to study their intrinsi...Two-dimensional(2D)materials are highly sensitive to substrates,interfaces,and the surrounding environments.Suspended 2D materials are free from substrate-induced effects,thus an ideal approach to study their intrinsic properties.However,it is very challenging to prepare large-area suspended 2D materials with high efficiency.Here we report a universal method,based on pretreatments of densely patterned hole array substrates with either oxygenplasma or gold film deposition,to prepare large-area suspended mono-and few-layer 2D materials.Multiple structural,optical,and electrical characterization tools were used to fully evaluate the improved performance of various suspended 2D layers.Some of these observations reported in this study are:(1)Observation of a new Raman low frequency mode for the suspended MoS_(2);(2)Significantly stronger photoluminescence(PL)and second harmonic generation(SHG)signals of suspended WSe_(2),which enables the study of new optical transition processes;(3)The low energy electron diffraction pattern on suspended MoS_(2) also exhibits much sharper spots than that on the supported area;and(4)The mobility of suspended graphene device approaches 300000 cm^(2) V^(-1) s^(-1),which is desirable to explore the intrinsic properties of graphene.This work provides an innovative and efficient route for fabricating suspended 2D materials,and we expect that it can be broadly used for studying intrinsic properties of 2D materials and in applications of hybrid active nanophotonic and electronic devices.展开更多
The application of smart supramolecular nanosystems in biomedicine increases rapidly and offers promising prospects for disease diagnostics and therapeutics.Supramolecular nanosystems such as liposomes,micelles,or-gan...The application of smart supramolecular nanosystems in biomedicine increases rapidly and offers promising prospects for disease diagnostics and therapeutics.Supramolecular nanosystems such as liposomes,micelles,or-ganic nanoaggregates and metallic nanostructures etc.have been widely explored as diagnostic/therapeutic tools.Here,we review the recent advances in supramolecular nanosystems with different builtin reporters,e.g.,fluorescent,magnetic and photoacoustic signals for bioimaging.In addition,the substantial progress of supramolecular nanosystems as drug delivery carriers for cancer therapy,including chemotherapy,photothermal and photodynamic therapies is also summarized.展开更多
Compared to conventional hyperthermia that is limited by low selectivity and severe side effects,nano-enabled hyperthermia yields great potentials to tackle these limitations for cancer treatment.Another major advance...Compared to conventional hyperthermia that is limited by low selectivity and severe side effects,nano-enabled hyperthermia yields great potentials to tackle these limitations for cancer treatment.Another major advance is the observation of immunological responses associated with nano-enabled hyperthermia,which introduces a new avenue,allowing a potential paradigm shift from the acutely effective and cytotoxicity-centric response to the next-phase discovery,i.e.,long-lasting and/or systemic anti-tumor immunity.This perspective first discusses the temperature-gradient and the spatially-structured immunological landscape in solid tumors receiving nano-enabled hyperthermia.This includes the discussion about underlying mechanism such as immunogenic cell death,which initiates a profound immunological chain reaction.In order to propagate the immune activation as a viable therapeutic principle,we further discussed the tumor type-specific complexity in the immunological tumor microenvironment,including the creative design of nano-enabled combination therapy to synergize with nano-enabled hyperthermia.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 50871074, and Tianjin University of Science and Technology under Grant No 0200153.
文摘Photothermal cancer therapy is an alternative to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. With the development of nanophotothermal agents, this therapy holds immense potential in clinical translation. However, the toxicity issues derived from the fact that nanomaterials are trapped and retained in the reticuloendothelial systems limit their biomedical application.Developing biodegradable photothermal agents is the most practical route to address these concerns. In addition to the physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, various internal and external stimuli play key roles on nanomaterials uptake,transport, and clearance. In this review, we summarized novel nanoplatforms for photothermal therapy; these nanoplatforms can elicit stimuli-triggered degradation. We focused on the recent innovative designs endowed with biodegradable photothermal agents under different stimuli, including enzyme, p H, and near-infrared(NIR) laser.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51803190)National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFA0706802)for financial support。
文摘Ultra-thin flexible films have attracted wide attention because of their excellent ductility and potential versatility.In particular,the energy-harvesting films(EHFs)have become a research hotspot because of the indispensability of power source in various devices.However,the design and fabrication of such films that can capture or transform di erent types of energy from environments for multiple usages remains a challenge.Herein,the multifunctional flexible EHFs with e ective electro-/photo-thermal abilities are proposed by successive spraying Ag microparticles and MXene suspension between on waterborne polyurethane films,supplemented by a hot-pressing.The optimal coherent film exhibits a high electrical conductivity(1.17×10^(4)S m^(-1)),excellent Joule heating performance(121.3℃)at 2 V,and outstanding photo-thermal performance(66.2℃ within 70 s under 100 mW cm^(-1)).In addition,the EHFs-based single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerators(TENG)give short-circuit transferred charge of 38.9 nC,open circuit voltage of 114.7 V,and short circuit current of 0.82μA.More interestingly,the output voltage of TENG can be further increased via constructing the double triboelectrification layers.The comprehensive ability for harvesting various energies of the EHFs promises their potential to satisfy the corresponding requirements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61405040,61675027,51622205,51432005,61505010,and 51502018)the National Key Research and Development Project,Ministry of Science and Technology,China(Grant No 2016YFA0202703)+2 种基金the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents,China(Grant No.BX201600040)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2016M600976)the“Thousand Talents”Program of China for Pioneering Researchers and Innovative Teams
文摘Flexible electrically pumped random laser(RL) based on ZnO nanowires is demonstrated for the first time to our knowledge. The ZnO nanowires each with a length of 5 μm and an average diameter of 180 nm are synthesized on flexible substrate(ITO/PET) by a simple hydrothermal method. No obvious visible defect-related-emission band is observed in the photoluminescence(PL) spectrum, indicating that the ZnO nanowires grown on the flexible ITO/PET substrate have few defects. In order to achieve electrically pumped random lasing with a lower threshold, the metal–insulator–semiconductor(MIS) structure of Au/SiO2/ZnO on ITO/PET substrate is fabricated by low temperature process. With sufficient forward bias, the as-fabricated flexible device exhibits random lasing, and a low threshold current of ~ 11.5 m A and high luminous intensity are obtained from the ZnO-based random laser. It is believed that this work offers a case study for developing the flexible electrically pumped random lasing from ZnO nanowires.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51273133 and 51443004)
文摘Disk-like liquid crystals(DLCs) can self-assemble to ordered columnar mesophases and are intriguing onedimensional organic semiconductors with high charge carrier mobility.To improve their applicable property of mesomorphic temperature ranges,we exploit the binary mixtures of electronic donor-acceptor DLC materials.The electron-rich2,3,6,7,10,11-hexakis(alkoxy)triphenylenes(C4,C6,C8,C10,C12) and an electron-deficient tetrapentyl triphenylene-2,3,6,10-tetracarboxylate have been prepared and their binary mixtures have been investigated.The mesomorphism of the1:1(molar ratio) mixtures has been characterized by polarizing optical microscopy(POM),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),and small angel x-ray scattering(SAXS).The self-assembled monolayer structure of a discogen on a solid-liquid interface has been imaged by the high resolution scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).The match of peripheral chain length has important influence on the mesomorphism of the binary mixtures.
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21972031,12064026 and 22272039)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB36000000)Jilin Chinese Academy of Sciences-Yanshen Technology Co.,Ltd.
文摘The self-assembled behavior of an unsymmetric molecule(BCDTDA)with one imidazole group as center and benzoic acid group as functional group is studied,and the regulatory behaviors of coronene(COR)and three bipyridine derivatives(named BP,PEBP-C4 and PEBP-C8)on BCDTDA self-assembly structures are also investigated.Based on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HOPG)substrate,scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)is used to observe the variation of assembled behaviors at the solid-liquid interface.Because of the concentration effect,BCDTDA molecules can assemble into grids and Kagomés structures in the form of N–H…O hydrogen bonded dimers.BCDTDA molecules still maintain dimeric structures in the regulation of COR and BP molecules to BCDTDA self-assembly.However,PEBP-C4 and PEBP-C8 destroy the structure of the dimers,and form a variety of co-assembled structures with BCDTDA.Different guest molecules coordinate the host molecules differently,which makes the experiment more meaningful.Combined with density functional theory(DFT)calculation,the discovery of molecular interactions provides a promising strategy for the construction of functional nanostructures and devices.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22272039 and 21972031)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB36000000)the Jilin Chinese Academy of Sciences-Yanshen Technology Co.,Ltd.
文摘The interaction between organic photoelectric molecules leads to the formation of a certain aggregation structure,which plays a pivotal role in the charge transport at the intermolecular interface.In view of this,we investigated the mechanism and law of intermolecular interaction by detecting the self-assembled behaviors between organic photoelectric molecules at the interface by scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).In this work,the structural transformations of tetraphenylethylene acids(H_(4)ETTCs)on graphite surface induced by temperature and triazine derivatives(zcy-19,zcy-27,and zcy-38 molecules)were studied by STM technology and density functional theory(DFT)calculations.At room temperature,zcy-19 and H_(4)ETTC molecules formed a small range of ordered co-assembled nanostructure,while for zcy-27 or zcy-38 molecules,no co-assembled nanostructures were observed and only their own self-assembled structures existed on graphite surface,individually.In the thermal annealing trials,the original co-assembled H_(4)ETTC/zcy-19 structure disappeared,and only zcy-19 and H_(4)ETTC self-assembled in separate domains.Nevertheless,new well-ordered H_(4)ETTC/zcy-27 or H_(4)ETTC/zcy-38 co-assembled structures appeared at different annealing temperatures,respectively.Combined with DFT calculations,we further analyzed the mechanism of such structural transformations by triazine derivatives and temperature.Results reveal that triazine derivatives could interact with H_(4)ETTC by N–H···O and O–H···N hydrogen bondings,and whether temperature or zcy series compounds could achieve successful regulation of H_(4)ETTC assembly behavior is closely associated with the conjugated skeleton length of zcy series compounds.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:61703298,51975400,52073031,52175542Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province,Grant/Award Number:20210302123136+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2020M673646National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Numbers:2021YFB3200304,2016YFA0202703Beijing Nova Program,Grant/Award Number:Z211100002121148Patent Transformation Special Program of Shanxi Province,Grant/Award Number:202304012。
文摘High sensitivity and fast response are the figures of merit for benchmarking commercial sensors.Due to the advantages of intrinsic signal amplification,bionic ability,and mechanical flexibility,electrochemical transistors(ECTs)have recently gained increasing popularity in constructing various sensors.In the current work,we have proposed a pulse-driven synaptic ECT for supersensitive and ultrafast biosensors.By pulsing the presynaptic input(drain bias,VD)and setting the modulation potential(gate bias)near transconductance intersection(VG,i),the synaptic ECT-based pH sensor can achieve a record high sensitivity up to 124 mV pH^(-1)(almost twice the Nernstian limit,59.2 mV pH^(-1))and an ultrafast response time as low as 8.75 ms(7169 times faster than the potentiostatic sensors,62.73 s).The proposed synaptic sensing strategy can effectively eliminate the transconductance fluctuation issue during the calibration process of the pH sensor and significantly reduce power consumption.Besides,the most sensitive working point at VG,i has been elaborately figured out through a series of detailed mathematical derivations,which is of great significance to provide higher sensitivity with quasi-nonfluctuating amplification capability.The proposed electrochemical synaptic transistor paired with an optimized operating gate offers a new paradigm for standardizing and commercializing high-performance biosensors.
文摘Recently,a research team led by Prof.CHEN Chunying from the National Center for Nanoscience and Technology(NCNST)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)revealed that gut microbiota can ferment exogenous carbon nanomaterials(CNMs)as carbon source into short-chain fatty acids.A related research achievement entitled“A new capacity of gut microbiota:fermentation of engineered inorganic carbon nanomaterials into endogenous organic metabolites”was published in PNAS.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51872030,51631001,51902023,51702016,and 22175048)Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars.
文摘Carbon-based single-atom catalysts(SACs)have been widely studied in the field of biomedicine due to their excellent catalytic performance.However,carbon-based SACs usually aggregate during pyrolysis,which leads to the reduction of catalytic activity.Here,we describe a method to improve the monodispersion of SACs using silicon dioxide as a protective layer.The decoration of silicon dioxide serves as a buffer layer for individual nanoparticles,which is not destroyed during the pyrolysis process,ensuring the single-particle dispersion of the nanoparticles after etching.This approach increased the hydroxyl groups on the surface of Fe-SAC(Fe-SAC-SE)and improved its water solubility,resulting in a four times enhancement of the peroxidase(POD)-like activity of Fe-SAC-SE(58.4 U/mg)than that of non-protected SACs(13.9 U/mg).The SiO_(2)-protection approach could also improve the catalytic activities of SACs with other metals such as Mn,Co,Ni,and Cu,indicating its generality for SACs preparation.Taking advantage of the high POD-like activity,photothermal properties,and large specific surface area of Fe-SAC-SE,we constructed a synergistic therapeutic system(Fe-SAC-SE@DOX@PEG)for combining the photothermal therapy,catalytic therapy,and chemotherapy.It was verified that the photothermal properties of Fe-SAC-SE@DOX@PEG could effectively improve its POD-like activity,exhibiting excellent tumor-killing performance at the cellular level.This work may provide a general approach to improve the performances of SACs for disease therapy and diagnosis.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,No.2013CB932701 )the 100-Talent program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2132053)Young Scientists Fund of National Natural Science Foundation(No.51102014)
文摘Inspired by sophisticated biological structures and their physiological processes, supramolecular chemistry has been developed for understanding and mimicking the behaviors of natural species. Through spontaneous self-assembly of functional building blocks, we are able to control the structures and regulate the functions of resulting supramolecular assemblies. Up to now, numerous functional supramolecular assemblies have been constructed and successfully employed as molecular devices, machines and biological diagnostic platforms. This review will focus on molecular structures of functional molecular building blocks and their assembled superstructures for biological detection and delivery.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51890891,51725302,21807020,51573031 and 51573032)Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11621505)+1 种基金CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team,Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecular Design and Synthesis(No.130028911)Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety,CAS(No.NSKF201807)。
文摘Angiogenesis occurs during the process of tumor growth,invasion and metastasis,and is essential for the survival of solid tumors.As an integrin significantly ove rexpressed in human tumor vascular endothelial cells,αvβ3 is a suitable targeting site for anti-angiogenesis of tumor.We designed and prepared a selfassembling peptide(SAP)with the ability to targeting αvβ3 and self-assembly.SAP formed nanoparticles in solution and transformed into nanofibrous network once specifically binding to integrin αvβ3 on the surface of human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).The SAP network stably anchored on HUVECs over 24h,which consequently resulted in high-efficient inhibition of vascularization.In vitro anti-angiogenesis experiment displayed that the inhibition rate of tube-formation reached 94.9%.In vivo anti-angiogenesis array based on chick chorioallantoic membrane(CAM)model exhibited that the SAP had an inhibition rate up to 63.1%.These results indicated the outstanding anti-angiogenic ability of SAP,potentially for tumor therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21773041,and 21972031)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB36000000)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.Y20B020032)China Scholarship Council(No.202007090155).
文摘The prediction of two-dimensional molecular self-assembly structures has always been a problem to be solved.The molecules with meta-dicarboxyl groups can self-assemble into a specific hexagonal cavity,which has an important influence on the prediction of molecular self-assembly structures and the application of functional molecules with meta-dicarboxyl groups.Two kinds of molecules with four pairs of meta-dicarboxyl groups,1,3,6,8-tet「akis(3,5-isophthalic acid)pyrene(H_(8)TIAPy)and 4′,4′",4′"",4""-(ethene-1,1,2,2-tetrayl)tetrakis(([1,1′-biphenyl]-3,5-dicarboxylic acid))(H8ETTB)molecules were chosen to observe the self-assembly behavior at the heptanoic acid/highly oriented pyrolytic graphite(HA/HOPG)interface.H8TIAPy molecules self-assembled into well-ordered quadrilateral structures and could be regulated into kagome networks with hexagonal pores by coronene(COR)molecules.H8ETTB molecules self-assembled into lamellar structures and transformed into acid-COR-acid-COR co-assembled structures at low concentration of COR solution and acid-COR dimer-acid-COR dimer co-assembled structures at high concentration of COR solution.The reason that H8ETTB molecules could not be regulated into hexagonal porous architecture was attributed to the steric hindrance by the similar length and width of H8ETTB molecules.The H8ETTB templates had stronger adsorption for COR than that of hexaphenylbenzene(HPB),regardless of the order of molecular introduction.
文摘Hyperthermia has long been considered as an adjuvant therapy for treating various diseases. Cancer treatment exploiting hyperthermia shows great clinical potential for a wide range of tumors. Importantly, the efficacy of hyperthermal therapy has recently been enhanced by the development of functional nanomaterials. The unique physicochemical properties of nanomaterials afford the specific localization of hyperthermia to primary tumors and early-stage cancers. In particular, due to their high rate of light-to-heat conversion and their capacity to be activated by tissue-penetrating electromagnetic radiation, near-infrared (NIR) light-absorbing plasmonic nanomaterials have attracted considerable attention as candidates for noninvasive photothermal therapy. The purpose of this article is to provide a overview on the current development in multifunctional nanomaterials capable of combined hyperthermia-chemotherapy delivery.
文摘A square-grid triboelectric nanogenerator (SG-TENG) is demonstrated for harvesting vibrational energy and sensing impulsive forces. Each square of the three-dimensional (3D)-printed square grid is filled with an aluminum (A1) ball. The grid structure allows the SG-TENG to harvest vibrational energy over a broad bandwidth and operate at different vibrational angles. The most striking feature of the SG-TENG is its ability of being scaled and integrated. After connecting two SG-TENGs in parallel, the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current are significantly increased over the full vibrational frequency range. Being integrated with a table tennis racket, the SG-TENG can harvest the vibrational energy from hitting a ping pong ball using the racket, where a direct hit by the racket generates an average output voltage of 10,9 ~ 0.6 V and an average output current of 0.09 ± 0.02 boA. Moreover, the SG-TENG integrated into a focus mitt can be used in various combat sports, such as boxing and taekwondo, to monitor the frequency and magnitude of the punches or kicks from boxers and other practitioners. The collected data allow athletes to monitor their status and improve their performance skills. This work demonstrates the enormous potential of the SG-TENG in energy harvesting and sensing applications.
基金This research was supported by the Chinese "thousands talents" program for pioneer researcher and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51572030), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 2162047), and Chongqing Natural Science and Foundation (No. cstc2016jcyjA0621).
文摘We fabricate a flexible hybrid nanogenerator (HNG), based on multilayered nanocomposite materials, which integrates a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) and a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) into a single structure with only two electrodes. The HNG enables enhancement of the electrical output of the nano- generators. An open-circuit voltage of 280 V and a short-circuit current of 25 μA are achieved by a HNG of 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm in size, superior to the performance of previously reported HNGs. In addition, the energy-conversion process of the HNG relies on the working mechanism of both the PENG and TENG. The polarization direction and doping content of BTO are the two major factors that affect the electrical output. Biomechanical energy harvesting from walking motion or the bending of an arm is also demonstrated.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,Grant/Award Numbers:2019YFA0308000,2018YFA0306302,2018YFA0305800,2018YFA0704201Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS,Grant/Award Numbers:2019007,2018013+5 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:62022089,11874405,61725107,61971035,61725107,92163206,51772145National Basic Research Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2015CB921300Strategic Priority Research Program(B)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Grant/Award Numbers:XDB07020300,XDB30000000Research Program of Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences,Grant/Award Number:Y18G06Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,Grant/Award Number:BK20180003333 high level talent training project of JiangSu and JiangHai talent program of NanTong。
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)materials are highly sensitive to substrates,interfaces,and the surrounding environments.Suspended 2D materials are free from substrate-induced effects,thus an ideal approach to study their intrinsic properties.However,it is very challenging to prepare large-area suspended 2D materials with high efficiency.Here we report a universal method,based on pretreatments of densely patterned hole array substrates with either oxygenplasma or gold film deposition,to prepare large-area suspended mono-and few-layer 2D materials.Multiple structural,optical,and electrical characterization tools were used to fully evaluate the improved performance of various suspended 2D layers.Some of these observations reported in this study are:(1)Observation of a new Raman low frequency mode for the suspended MoS_(2);(2)Significantly stronger photoluminescence(PL)and second harmonic generation(SHG)signals of suspended WSe_(2),which enables the study of new optical transition processes;(3)The low energy electron diffraction pattern on suspended MoS_(2) also exhibits much sharper spots than that on the supported area;and(4)The mobility of suspended graphene device approaches 300000 cm^(2) V^(-1) s^(-1),which is desirable to explore the intrinsic properties of graphene.This work provides an innovative and efficient route for fabricating suspended 2D materials,and we expect that it can be broadly used for studying intrinsic properties of 2D materials and in applications of hybrid active nanophotonic and electronic devices.
基金supported by the National Basic Re-search Program of China (973 Program,No.2013CB932701)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.21374026,21304023,51102014,and 51303036)+1 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foun-dation (No.2132053)the 100-Talent Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.Y2462911ZX).
文摘The application of smart supramolecular nanosystems in biomedicine increases rapidly and offers promising prospects for disease diagnostics and therapeutics.Supramolecular nanosystems such as liposomes,micelles,or-ganic nanoaggregates and metallic nanostructures etc.have been widely explored as diagnostic/therapeutic tools.Here,we review the recent advances in supramolecular nanosystems with different builtin reporters,e.g.,fluorescent,magnetic and photoacoustic signals for bioimaging.In addition,the substantial progress of supramolecular nanosystems as drug delivery carriers for cancer therapy,including chemotherapy,photothermal and photodynamic therapies is also summarized.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31671017 and 81872809)the startup funding support from The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer(IBMC),CAS.HM thanks the start-up packages of NCNST,CAS.
文摘Compared to conventional hyperthermia that is limited by low selectivity and severe side effects,nano-enabled hyperthermia yields great potentials to tackle these limitations for cancer treatment.Another major advance is the observation of immunological responses associated with nano-enabled hyperthermia,which introduces a new avenue,allowing a potential paradigm shift from the acutely effective and cytotoxicity-centric response to the next-phase discovery,i.e.,long-lasting and/or systemic anti-tumor immunity.This perspective first discusses the temperature-gradient and the spatially-structured immunological landscape in solid tumors receiving nano-enabled hyperthermia.This includes the discussion about underlying mechanism such as immunogenic cell death,which initiates a profound immunological chain reaction.In order to propagate the immune activation as a viable therapeutic principle,we further discussed the tumor type-specific complexity in the immunological tumor microenvironment,including the creative design of nano-enabled combination therapy to synergize with nano-enabled hyperthermia.