Conceptual Model for Automatic Early Warning Information System of Infectious Diseases Based on Internet Reporting Surveillance System

Objective To establish a conceptual model of automatic early warning of infectious diseases based on internet reporting surveillance system, with a view to realizing an automated warning system on a dally basis and timely identifying potential outbreaks of infectious diseases. Methods The statistic conceptual model was established using historic surveillance data with movable percentile method. Results Based on the infectious disease surveillance information platform, the conceptual model for early warning was established. The parameter, threshold, and revised sensitivity and specificity of early warning value were changed to realize dynamic alert of infectious diseases on a dally basis. Conclusion The instructive conceptual model of dynamic alert can be used as a validating tool in institutions of infectious disease surveillance in different districts.

Frequency, Duration and Intensity of Dengue Fever Epidemic Risk in Townships in Pearl River Delta and Yunnan in China, 2013

Dengue fever （DF）, one of the neglected tropical diseases also known as breakbone fever, is a mosquito-borne disease common in the tropics and subtropics. Dengue fever is transmitted primarily by A.aegypti, resulting in infection with any of four distinct but closely related virus serotypes. The majority of infected people experience a self-limiting clinical course. A small proportion of cases develop into life-threatening Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever or Dengue Shock Syndrome.

Mobile device-based Reporting System for Sichuan Earthquake-affected Areas Infectious Disease Reporting in China

Objective To describe the experience of the China CDC in rebuilding reporting capacity and response to the Sichuan earthquake through use of mobile phones. Methods Software engineering and business modeling are used to design and develop a cell phone-based reporting system. The PDA-based system used by the Field Adapted Survey Toolkit （FAST） was deployed Results Approximately one week after deployment of the mobile phone-based reporting system, the cumulative reporting rate reached the same level （81%） as the same period in 2007. In the Sichuan provincial pilot investigation for infectious disease, 1339 records were collected using PDAs developed and deployed by FAST. Conclusion The mobile-based system is recognized as a quick and effective response solution to this public health challenge. Our experience suggests that mobile-based data collection tools provide faster, cleaner, standardized, and shareable data for critical decision making. This system could be adapted as complementary to national infectious disease reporting systems after natural disaster occurrences.

Connecting Information to Promote Public Health

With the development of information technology in the past 12 years,China has established the specialized or vertical web-based information systems for data collection of disease and related risk factor.These information systems are described as public health information systems(PHIS) in China.When PHIS has thus evolved in a haphazard and fragmented way under the pressure administrative,economic and legal,local health workers who are overburdened with multiple and timeconsuming reporting requirements cannot deliver timely,accurate and complete data.Seeing that the information of disease surveillance is provided by hospitals and health service centers in China and that the development of electronic medical record(EMR) and electronic health record(EHR) occurs under the policy and investment of health since 2009 in China,there should be a connection and data sharing mechanism between EMR(EHR) and PHIS to support public health surveillance and public health decision-making.The paper aims at discussing current status and problems of PHIS in China,making a brief introduction on the blueprint of health information technology in China,exploring solution for interoperability between PHIS and EHR(EMR),and sharing some experiences and lessons from pilot project on automatic notifiable infectious disease reporting.

Impacts of Typhoon ‘Koppu' on Infectious Diarrhea in Guangdong Province,China

This study aims to quantify the impact of typhoon‘Koppu’on infectious diarrhea in Guangdong,China in 2009.Rate ratios(RRs)were calculated by comparing person-time of infectious diarrhea cases between typhoon period and reference period.RRs of dysentery and other infectious diarrhea increased to a maximum of 1.12(95%CI,0.86-1.47),1.10(95%CI,1.00-1.20)on the

Disproportionate Increase of New Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS Infection by Sex and Age--China, 2007−2018

What is already known about this topic?The annual rates of newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS among total population is increasing in China,yet HIV/AIDS in older adults has received little attention.What is added by this report?The overall rates of new diagnosis of HIV/AIDS per 100,000 populations increased 3.26 and 2.18 times among male and female in all ages from 2007 to 2018,respectively.Among adults aged≥60 years,the rate increased 10.41 times(1.35 to 14.06 per 100,000)from 2007 to 2018.Male adults aged 60–69 and 70–79 years and female aged 50–59 and 60–69 years had the highest increasing rates among all groups.What are the implications for public health practice?This study highlights the need to strengthen HIV/AIDS prevention among older adults.Health education and other effective measurements might be used to prevent HIV/AIDS among this group.

Control strategies and their effects on the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 in representative countries

COVID-19 is the most severe pandemic globally since the 1918 influenza pandemic.Effectively responding to this once-in-a-century global pandemic is a worldwide challenge that the international community needs to jointly face and solve.This study reviews and discusses the key measures taken by major countries in 2020 to fight against COVID-19,such as lockdowns,social distancing,wearing masks,hand hygiene,using Fangcang shelter hospitals,large-scale nucleic acid testing,close-contacts tracking,and pandemic information monitoring,as well as their prevention and control effects.We hope it can help improve the efficiency and effectiveness of pandemic prevention and control in future.