Calculation of Metzner Constant for Double Helical Ribbon Impeller by Computational Fluid Dynamic Method

用多重参考框架(MRF ) impeller 方法，一条双螺旋状的带子(DHR ) 产生的三维的非牛顿的流动地 impeller 被模仿了。数字模拟计算的速度地类似于以前的研究，力量常数与试验性的数据同意了很好。三计算液体动态(CFD ) 方法，标记我， II 和 III，被用来计算 Metzner 经常的 ks。结果证明从 slop 方法的计算价值(方法我) 与试验性的数据一致。方法 II，它拿了最大的圆周一般水准砍在是的 impeller 附近的率有效砍计算 ks 的率，对实验的也显示出的好同意。然而，两个方法受不了计算过程的复杂性。一个新方法(方法 III ) 在这份报纸被设计为精明的 ks 在 impeller 附近把区域加权的平均粘性用作有效粘性。方法 III 显示出好精确性和容易使用。

CFD Simulation and Experimental Validation of Fluid Flow in Pre-distributor

液体分发者是一很为蒸馏列内部的进口。分发者前通常为起始的分发被放在分发者的顶上。在分发者前的液体流动是有许多孔和支店的可变集体流动的一个复杂系统。因而，分发者前当模特儿的二个阶段被执行，与免费表面模型一起的同类的模型被使用。数字方法被与试验性的数据作比较验证。用在流出之上的不同分发者前，流入率的影响，地点和取向的模仿的结果，分发被调查。而且，流出分发影响因为在马槽的液体一致性上的分发者前也被分析。结论能为液体分发者的结构的设计和大规模的分发者前被采用。

A review on the application of nanofluids in enhanced oil recovery

Enhanced oil recovery(EOR)has been widely used to recover residual oil after the primary or secondary oil recovery processes.Compared to conventional methods,chemical EOR has demonstrated high oil recovery and low operational costs.Nanofluids have received extensive attention owing to their advantages of low cost,high oil recovery,and wide applicability.In recent years,nanofluids have been widely used in EOR processes.Moreover,several studies have focused on the role of nanofluids in the nanofluid EOR(N-EOR)process.However,the mechanisms related to N-EOR are unclear,and several of the mechanisms established are chaotic and contradictory.This review was conducted by considering heavy oil molecules/particle/surface micromechanics;nanofluidassisted EOR methods;multiscale,multiphase pore/core displacement experiments;and multiphase flow fluid-solid coupling simulations.Nanofluids can alter the wettability of minerals(particle/surface micromechanics),oil/water interfacial tension(heavy oil molecules/water micromechanics),and structural disjoining pressure(heavy oil molecules/particle/surface micromechanics).They can also cause viscosity reduction(micromechanics of heavy oil molecules).Nanofoam technology,nanoemulsion technology,and injected fluids were used during the EOR process.The mechanism of N-EOR is based on the nanoparticle adsorption effect.Nanoparticles can be adsorbed on mineral surfaces and alter the wettability of minerals from oil-wet to water-wet conditions.Nanoparticles can also be adsorbed on the oil/water surface,which alters the oil/water interfacial tension,resulting in the formation of emulsions.Asphaltenes are also adsorbed on the surface of nanoparticles,which reduces the asphaltene content in heavy oil,resulting in a decrease in the viscosity of oil,which helps in oil recovery.In previous studies,most researchers only focused on the results,and the nanoparticle adsorption properties have been ignored.This review presents the relationship between the adsorption properties of nanoparticles and the N-EOR mechanisms.The nanofluid behaviour during a multiphase core displacement process is also discussed,and the corresponding simulation is analysed.Finally,potential mechanisms and future directions of N-EOR are proposed.The findings of this study can further the understanding of N-EOR mechanisms from the perspective of heavy oil molecules/particle/surface micromechanics,as well as clarify the role of nanofluids in multiphase core displacement experiments and simulations.This review also presents limitations and bottlenecks,guiding researchers to develop methods to synthesise novel nanoparticles and conduct further research.