High volume energy density(Ev)means more energy can be stored in a small space,which helps ease the“space anxiety”faced by electrochemical energy storage(EES)devices such as batteries.Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)a...High volume energy density(Ev)means more energy can be stored in a small space,which helps ease the“space anxiety”faced by electrochemical energy storage(EES)devices such as batteries.Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)are promising next-generation EES devices due to their high theoretical energy density.However,its E_(v) is unsatisfactory due to the low density of sulfur and excess use of lightweight nanocarbon in the cathode,severely limiting its practical applications.In this review,the recent progress in improving the E_(v) is summarized from the aspects of materials,electrodes,and devices.First,the key factors affecting E_(v) are discussed.Then at the material level,the design of materials with high density and rich pore structure,and the key roles of catalysts are discussed.At the electrode level,the design of the compact electrode structure is summarized.Increasing the thickness of the cathodes or reducing the use of the anodes(low N/P ratio)to improve E_(v) from the device level is highlighted.Finally,the E_(v) of solid-state LSBs system has been prospected.展开更多
Metal sulfide(MS)have good conductivity,strong adsorption ability,and excellent catalytic activity for the conversion of sulfur species,and thus,show great promise as the catalysts in LieS batteries.However,the relati...Metal sulfide(MS)have good conductivity,strong adsorption ability,and excellent catalytic activity for the conversion of sulfur species,and thus,show great promise as the catalysts in LieS batteries.However,the relationship between their properties and electrochemical performance is still unclear.Thus,further in-depth discussions are required to improve their design in Li-S batteries.This review systematically summarizes the basic structural and electrochemical properties of MSs and highlights the advantages that guarantee them as high-performance catalysts in Li-S batteries.Then,various modification strategies for MSs to enhance the catalytic activity,efficiency,and stability are also reviewed.At last,future opportunities for MS catalysts in Li-S batteries are proposed.展开更多
Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction is considered as a promising and sustainable method for ammonia synthesis.However,the selectivity and yield rate of ammonia are limited by the competitive hydrogen evolution...Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction is considered as a promising and sustainable method for ammonia synthesis.However,the selectivity and yield rate of ammonia are limited by the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction and the complex eight-electron transfer process.Herein,we developed a(FeCoNiCu)Ox/CeO_(2)polymetallic oxide electrocatalyst for effective nitrate reduction to ammonia.The synergistic effects among the multiple elements in the electrocatalyst were clearly elucidated by comprehensive experiments.Specifically,Cu acted as the active site for reducing nitrate to nitrite,and Co facilitated the subsequent reduction of nitrite to ammonia,while Fe and Ni promoted water dissociation to provide protons.Furthermore,the incorporation of CeO_(2)increased the active surface area of(FeCoNiCu)Ox,resulting in an improved ammonia yield rate to meet industrial demands.Consequently,the(FeCoNiCu)Ox/CeO_(2)electrocatalyst achieved an ammonia current density of 382 mA cm^(-2)and a high ammonia yield rate of 30.3 mg h^(-1)cm^(-2)with a long-term stability.This work offers valuable insights for the future design of highly efficient multi-element electrocatalysts.展开更多
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(grant no.2021YFF0500600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.51932005 and 52022041)+4 种基金Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program(grant no.2017BT01N111)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(grant no.2021B1515120079)All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Centre(grant no.XMHT20200203006)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(grant no.JCYJ20220818101008018)Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘High volume energy density(Ev)means more energy can be stored in a small space,which helps ease the“space anxiety”faced by electrochemical energy storage(EES)devices such as batteries.Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)are promising next-generation EES devices due to their high theoretical energy density.However,its E_(v) is unsatisfactory due to the low density of sulfur and excess use of lightweight nanocarbon in the cathode,severely limiting its practical applications.In this review,the recent progress in improving the E_(v) is summarized from the aspects of materials,electrodes,and devices.First,the key factors affecting E_(v) are discussed.Then at the material level,the design of materials with high density and rich pore structure,and the key roles of catalysts are discussed.At the electrode level,the design of the compact electrode structure is summarized.Increasing the thickness of the cathodes or reducing the use of the anodes(low N/P ratio)to improve E_(v) from the device level is highlighted.Finally,the E_(v) of solid-state LSBs system has been prospected.
基金the support from the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2021YFF0500600)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51932005 and 52022041)+3 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021B1515120079)All-Solid-State Lithium Battery Electrolyte Engineering Research Centre(XMHT20200203006)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JCYJ20220818101008018)Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities.
文摘Metal sulfide(MS)have good conductivity,strong adsorption ability,and excellent catalytic activity for the conversion of sulfur species,and thus,show great promise as the catalysts in LieS batteries.However,the relationship between their properties and electrochemical performance is still unclear.Thus,further in-depth discussions are required to improve their design in Li-S batteries.This review systematically summarizes the basic structural and electrochemical properties of MSs and highlights the advantages that guarantee them as high-performance catalysts in Li-S batteries.Then,various modification strategies for MSs to enhance the catalytic activity,efficiency,and stability are also reviewed.At last,future opportunities for MS catalysts in Li-S batteries are proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51972223,52202279)the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(20JCYBJC01550)+2 种基金the National Industry-Education Integration Platform of Energy Storagethe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations。
文摘Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction is considered as a promising and sustainable method for ammonia synthesis.However,the selectivity and yield rate of ammonia are limited by the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction and the complex eight-electron transfer process.Herein,we developed a(FeCoNiCu)Ox/CeO_(2)polymetallic oxide electrocatalyst for effective nitrate reduction to ammonia.The synergistic effects among the multiple elements in the electrocatalyst were clearly elucidated by comprehensive experiments.Specifically,Cu acted as the active site for reducing nitrate to nitrite,and Co facilitated the subsequent reduction of nitrite to ammonia,while Fe and Ni promoted water dissociation to provide protons.Furthermore,the incorporation of CeO_(2)increased the active surface area of(FeCoNiCu)Ox,resulting in an improved ammonia yield rate to meet industrial demands.Consequently,the(FeCoNiCu)Ox/CeO_(2)electrocatalyst achieved an ammonia current density of 382 mA cm^(-2)and a high ammonia yield rate of 30.3 mg h^(-1)cm^(-2)with a long-term stability.This work offers valuable insights for the future design of highly efficient multi-element electrocatalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52172223,52272230,and 51972223)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by Tianjin(TJSQNTJ-202011)+3 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0500600 and 2022YFB2404500)the National IndustryEducation Integration Platform of Energy Storagethe Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformationsthe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。