Intracranial complications of sinusitis are rare. However, they have an important morbidity and mortality rate, and can be a source of disabling neurological sequelae in the absence of a rapid diagnosis and adequate t...Intracranial complications of sinusitis are rare. However, they have an important morbidity and mortality rate, and can be a source of disabling neurological sequelae in the absence of a rapid diagnosis and adequate treatment. We carry a retrospective study of 23 patients having sinusitis with intracranial complications, treated between 1996 and 2011. All patients underwent complete ENT and neurological examination, biological investigations and sinonasal and cerebral CT. An intraveinous large-spectrum antibiotherapy was administered to all patients. Twenty patients underwent surgery. It included evacuation of the intracranial collection, sinus drainage, with or without cranialization of the frontal sinus. Evolution was assessed on clinical biological and radiological criteria. Mean age was 25 years and sex-ratio was 3.6. Neurological signs were the most frequent symptoms. Rhinological signs were essentially purulent rhinorrhea (14 cases) and nasal obstruction (12 cases). Nasal endoscopy showed pus in the middle meatus in 10 cases. On CT, intracranial complications included subdural empyema (11 cases), extradural empyema (7 cases) and brain abscess (5 cases). Associated cerebral thrombophlebitis was noted in 4 cases. Three patients with extradural empyema had had an exclusive medical treatment. All other patients (20 cases) were operated. Clinical and radiological evolution was favorable after initial treatment in 14 cases (60.8%). Six patients required secondary surgery. Two patients have died despite intensive care. The intracranial complications of sinusitis are serious and source of important morbidity and mortality. Management should rapid and adequate, combining effective antibiotic therapy and eventually neurosurgical treatment.展开更多
偏头痛是最常见的功能障碍性神经疾病之一,会对患者的生活质量造成严重影响。为了在文献检索和专家组共识基础上对不同类型偏头痛综合征的各种药物治疗方案提供循证或专家推荐,我们从现有的所有医学参考文献系统中筛选出关于有先兆型或...偏头痛是最常见的功能障碍性神经疾病之一,会对患者的生活质量造成严重影响。为了在文献检索和专家组共识基础上对不同类型偏头痛综合征的各种药物治疗方案提供循证或专家推荐,我们从现有的所有医学参考文献系统中筛选出关于有先兆型或无先兆型偏头痛以及偏头痛样综合征等各种类型临床资料进行分析。根据欧洲神经病学学会联盟(European Federation of Neurological Societies.EFNS)制定的推荐意见分级方案对这些研究结果进行评价从而确定A级、B级或C级推荐和良好的临床实践要点。对于偏头痛急性发作期的治疗,推荐口服非甾体消炎药(NSAID)和曲坦类药物。用药方案应遵循分层治疗的观念。在服用NSAID和曲坦类药物之前,推荐口服甲氧氯普胺或多潘立酮。极重度发作的首选药物为静脉注射乙酰水杨酸或皮下注射舒马曲坦。偏头痛持续状态或许可用类固醇治疗。对于偏头痛的预防性治疗,β-受体阻断药(普萘洛尔和美托洛尔)、氟桂利嗪、丙戊酸和托吡酯可作为首选用药,其次可选择阿米替林、萘普生、蜂斗菜烯碱和比索洛尔。展开更多
文摘Intracranial complications of sinusitis are rare. However, they have an important morbidity and mortality rate, and can be a source of disabling neurological sequelae in the absence of a rapid diagnosis and adequate treatment. We carry a retrospective study of 23 patients having sinusitis with intracranial complications, treated between 1996 and 2011. All patients underwent complete ENT and neurological examination, biological investigations and sinonasal and cerebral CT. An intraveinous large-spectrum antibiotherapy was administered to all patients. Twenty patients underwent surgery. It included evacuation of the intracranial collection, sinus drainage, with or without cranialization of the frontal sinus. Evolution was assessed on clinical biological and radiological criteria. Mean age was 25 years and sex-ratio was 3.6. Neurological signs were the most frequent symptoms. Rhinological signs were essentially purulent rhinorrhea (14 cases) and nasal obstruction (12 cases). Nasal endoscopy showed pus in the middle meatus in 10 cases. On CT, intracranial complications included subdural empyema (11 cases), extradural empyema (7 cases) and brain abscess (5 cases). Associated cerebral thrombophlebitis was noted in 4 cases. Three patients with extradural empyema had had an exclusive medical treatment. All other patients (20 cases) were operated. Clinical and radiological evolution was favorable after initial treatment in 14 cases (60.8%). Six patients required secondary surgery. Two patients have died despite intensive care. The intracranial complications of sinusitis are serious and source of important morbidity and mortality. Management should rapid and adequate, combining effective antibiotic therapy and eventually neurosurgical treatment.
文摘偏头痛是最常见的功能障碍性神经疾病之一,会对患者的生活质量造成严重影响。为了在文献检索和专家组共识基础上对不同类型偏头痛综合征的各种药物治疗方案提供循证或专家推荐,我们从现有的所有医学参考文献系统中筛选出关于有先兆型或无先兆型偏头痛以及偏头痛样综合征等各种类型临床资料进行分析。根据欧洲神经病学学会联盟(European Federation of Neurological Societies.EFNS)制定的推荐意见分级方案对这些研究结果进行评价从而确定A级、B级或C级推荐和良好的临床实践要点。对于偏头痛急性发作期的治疗,推荐口服非甾体消炎药(NSAID)和曲坦类药物。用药方案应遵循分层治疗的观念。在服用NSAID和曲坦类药物之前,推荐口服甲氧氯普胺或多潘立酮。极重度发作的首选药物为静脉注射乙酰水杨酸或皮下注射舒马曲坦。偏头痛持续状态或许可用类固醇治疗。对于偏头痛的预防性治疗,β-受体阻断药(普萘洛尔和美托洛尔)、氟桂利嗪、丙戊酸和托吡酯可作为首选用药,其次可选择阿米替林、萘普生、蜂斗菜烯碱和比索洛尔。
