AZ31 wrought magnesium alloys are light weight materials which play an important role in order to reduces the environmental burdens in modern society because of its high strength to weight ratio,corrosion resistance,a...AZ31 wrought magnesium alloys are light weight materials which play an important role in order to reduces the environmental burdens in modern society because of its high strength to weight ratio,corrosion resistance,and stiffness and machinability.Applications of this material are mainly in structural component i.e.,in constructions,automobile,aerospace,electronics and marine industries.In the present work,the microstructure characterization of the AZ31 alloys up to four ECAP passes at temperature of 573 K was observed for route Bc.Average grain size of the material was reduced from 31.8μm to 8μm after four ECAP passes.Mechanical properties of the alloy improved with increase in number of ECAP passes.Moreover,X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out for as received and ECAP processed material.展开更多
Ferro nematic suspensions are the prominent materials to enhance the electro optical performance of liquid crystal displays. Electro optical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) display with the intro...Ferro nematic suspensions are the prominent materials to enhance the electro optical performance of liquid crystal displays. Electro optical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) display with the introduction of Barium Titanate nanoparticles have been investigated in this article and it is shown that there is a considerable enhancement in electro-optical response of the displays. The nanoparticles lower the switch-on electric field and thereby increase the optical transmission at certain voltages of the displays. The electro-optical characteristics of the PDLC cells were investigated with a He-Ne laser followed by MatLab calculations.展开更多
The research aims to provide an alternative to austempering treatment of ductile cast iron with a simple and cost-effective heat-treatment process.This goal was accomplished by applying a simple one-step spheroidizati...The research aims to provide an alternative to austempering treatment of ductile cast iron with a simple and cost-effective heat-treatment process.This goal was accomplished by applying a simple one-step spheroidization heat treatment to the as-cast ductile iron,which would normally possess a coarse pearlitic microstructure to a significant extent.Spheroidization experiments involving isothermal holding below the lower critical temperature(A1)were conducted followed by standard mechanical testing and microstructural characterization for an experimental ductile iron.After improving the spheroidization holding time at a given temperature,the work shows that the ductility and toughness of an as-cast ductile iron can be improved by 90%and 40%,respectively,at the cost of reducing the tensile strength by 8%.Controlled discretization of the continuous cementite network in pearlitic matrix of the ductile iron is deemed responsible for the improved properties.The work also shows that prolonged holding time during spheroidization heat treatment leads to degradation of mechanical properties due to the inhomogenous microstructure formation caused by heterogeneous decomposition and cementite clustering in the material.The main outcome of this work is the demonstration of ductile cast iron’s necking behavior due to spheroidization heat treatment.展开更多
The increasing deployment of Distributed Generation(DG) technologies introduces power quality challenges to the grid, in particular steady state voltage rise at the connection point for DG units. In most distribution ...The increasing deployment of Distributed Generation(DG) technologies introduces power quality challenges to the grid, in particular steady state voltage rise at the connection point for DG units. In most distribution networks,control and monitoring of grid parameters is missing, as well as system security is at risk. Smart grid technologies have the capability to realize the real-time measurements and on-load voltage controls. With the steady implementation of smart grid technologies throughout the existing distribution networks, the online voltage control can be achieved ensuring the power quality and voltage levels within the statutory limits. This study presents a methodology for the estimation of voltage profile in a smart distribution network with DG for the online voltage control, taking into account different line X/R ratios and laterals. This method is based on maximum and minimum voltage estimation by remote terminal units(RTUs) placed only at DG connected bus and at capacitor connected bus. Voltage regulation is carried out based on RTUs estimated values. This work is tested on two radial distribution networks with/without DGs and laterals. Comparative results for voltage magnitudes estimated with different methodology are presented. The reported simulation results show that the method presented is capable of estimating the voltage profile along the distribution network with DGs for the online voltage control, considering different line X/R ratios and laterals.展开更多
文摘AZ31 wrought magnesium alloys are light weight materials which play an important role in order to reduces the environmental burdens in modern society because of its high strength to weight ratio,corrosion resistance,and stiffness and machinability.Applications of this material are mainly in structural component i.e.,in constructions,automobile,aerospace,electronics and marine industries.In the present work,the microstructure characterization of the AZ31 alloys up to four ECAP passes at temperature of 573 K was observed for route Bc.Average grain size of the material was reduced from 31.8μm to 8μm after four ECAP passes.Mechanical properties of the alloy improved with increase in number of ECAP passes.Moreover,X-ray diffraction analysis was carried out for as received and ECAP processed material.
文摘Ferro nematic suspensions are the prominent materials to enhance the electro optical performance of liquid crystal displays. Electro optical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) display with the introduction of Barium Titanate nanoparticles have been investigated in this article and it is shown that there is a considerable enhancement in electro-optical response of the displays. The nanoparticles lower the switch-on electric field and thereby increase the optical transmission at certain voltages of the displays. The electro-optical characteristics of the PDLC cells were investigated with a He-Ne laser followed by MatLab calculations.
文摘The research aims to provide an alternative to austempering treatment of ductile cast iron with a simple and cost-effective heat-treatment process.This goal was accomplished by applying a simple one-step spheroidization heat treatment to the as-cast ductile iron,which would normally possess a coarse pearlitic microstructure to a significant extent.Spheroidization experiments involving isothermal holding below the lower critical temperature(A1)were conducted followed by standard mechanical testing and microstructural characterization for an experimental ductile iron.After improving the spheroidization holding time at a given temperature,the work shows that the ductility and toughness of an as-cast ductile iron can be improved by 90%and 40%,respectively,at the cost of reducing the tensile strength by 8%.Controlled discretization of the continuous cementite network in pearlitic matrix of the ductile iron is deemed responsible for the improved properties.The work also shows that prolonged holding time during spheroidization heat treatment leads to degradation of mechanical properties due to the inhomogenous microstructure formation caused by heterogeneous decomposition and cementite clustering in the material.The main outcome of this work is the demonstration of ductile cast iron’s necking behavior due to spheroidization heat treatment.
文摘The increasing deployment of Distributed Generation(DG) technologies introduces power quality challenges to the grid, in particular steady state voltage rise at the connection point for DG units. In most distribution networks,control and monitoring of grid parameters is missing, as well as system security is at risk. Smart grid technologies have the capability to realize the real-time measurements and on-load voltage controls. With the steady implementation of smart grid technologies throughout the existing distribution networks, the online voltage control can be achieved ensuring the power quality and voltage levels within the statutory limits. This study presents a methodology for the estimation of voltage profile in a smart distribution network with DG for the online voltage control, taking into account different line X/R ratios and laterals. This method is based on maximum and minimum voltage estimation by remote terminal units(RTUs) placed only at DG connected bus and at capacitor connected bus. Voltage regulation is carried out based on RTUs estimated values. This work is tested on two radial distribution networks with/without DGs and laterals. Comparative results for voltage magnitudes estimated with different methodology are presented. The reported simulation results show that the method presented is capable of estimating the voltage profile along the distribution network with DGs for the online voltage control, considering different line X/R ratios and laterals.
