Cardioprotective effect of Danshen injectable powder on pressure overloadinduced ventricular remodeling in rats and isoproterenol induced myocardial injury in mice

OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of Danshen injectable powder on myocardial remodeling in pressure overload rats and isoproterenol(ISO) injection mice.METHODS SD Rats were subject to abdominal aortic constriction(AAC) surgery to develop pressure overload.Therapeutic effect of Danshen injectable powder was assessed six weeks after AAC surgery.The lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) and creatine kinase(CK) levels in serum,biometric,echocardiographic parameters,interstitial fibrosis,the expression of DJ-1 and SOD2 were then measured.The myocardial impairment in mice was induced by ISO injection.LDH and CK in serum,biometric,interstitial fibrosis were measured to investigate the cardioprotective effect of Danshen injectable powder.Matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry imaging(MALDI-MSI) was used to detect the changes of 60-1000 Da molecules in mice heart tissue.RESULTS In AAC rats,we observed compensatory hypertrophy and perivascular fibrosis,however cardiac function had not progressed to deterioration.The levels of LDH and CK were decreased significantly in the Danshen injectable powder groups(P<0.05,P<0.05).Danshen injectable powder could alleviate the perivascular collagen deposits but not cardiac hypertrophy in AAC rats.Furthermore,Danshen injectable powder enhanced the expression levels of SOD2 and DJ-1 in cardio.myocytes(P<0.05,P<0.01).In ISO injection mice,the levels of HWI and LDH were decreased signifi.cantly in drug treatment group compared with model group(P<0.01,P<0.01).In the MALDI-MSI of mice heart section,Danshen injectable powder can improve the reduction of energy metabolism-related substances including adenosine,creatine and ADP induced by ISO impairment.CONCLUSION Danshen injectable powder can attenuate perivascular fibrosis and improve the expression of antioxidative stress-related proteins SOD2,DJ-1 in the rats with pressure overload-induced left ventricular remodeling.Danshen injectable powder has cardioprotective effect on ISO impairment in mice which is probably related to improvement of energy metabolism.

Coupling Reaction of 4-Chloro-7-H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]Pyrimidine with 2,3,5-Tri-O-Acetyl-b-D-Ribofuranosyl Chloride

Coupling reaction of 4-chloro-7-H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine with 2,3,5-tri-O-acetyl -β-D-ribofuranosyl chloride under the basic condition was investigated. An abnormal coupling reaction, in which the heterocyclic base attacked at the carbon of 1,2-O-methylidene moiety instead of anomeric carbon of ribose was observed and the structure of products 5a, 5b were identified by NMR and X-Ray diffraction.

A New Pseudo Sesquiterpenoid from the Seeds of Koelreuteria paniculata

From the seeds of medicinal plant Koelreuteria paniculata, a new pseudo sesquiter- penoid with novel skeleton namely paniculoid 1 was isolated. The structure of 1 was established on the basis of extensive 2D NMR spectroscopy in conjugation with MS and IR spectral analysis.

Stereoselective Synthesis of N^1-Lyxitol Inosine Derivative

1,4-anhydro-2-trifiyl-3,5-O-benzenylidene-L-xylitol (5) was constructed in six steps from protected D-xylose. Substitution of 5 with protected 8-bromoinosine 6 gave the key intermediate 5 ' -O-TBS-2 ' ,3 ' -di-O-acctyl-N-1-(2 ' -deoxy-1 ' ,4 ' -anhydro-3 ' ,5 ' -O-benzenylidene (14). Selective removal of 5 ' -O-TBS-group gave the corresponding though phosphorylation which was characterized by X-ray crystallographical analysis.

Four Novel Hydropyranoindeno-Derivatives from Marine Fungus Aspergillus versicolor

From the cultured filtrates of fungus Aspergillus versicolor, isolated from marine sponge Xestospongia exigua, four novel secondary metabolites, namely aspergillone 1, aspergillodiol 2, aspergillol 3 and 12-acetyl-aspergillol 4, have been isolated by column chromatographic separation. The structures of all the new compounds are established on the basis of extensive 2D NMR spectroscopy in conjugation with MS, UV spectral analysis. The basic structure pattern of those compounds possessed an hydroindenoisopyran nucleus.

Novel Chromone Derivatives from Marine Fungus Aspergillus versicolor Isolated from the Sponge Xestospongia exigua

From the marine sponge Xestospongia exigua, fungal isolates of Aspergillus versicolor (Vuill)Triab were obtained. Isolation and purification of ethyl acetate extracts from culture filtrates of the fungus led to yield six new chromone derivatives namely aspergione A, aspergione B, aspergione C, aspergione D. aspergione E, aspergione F. The structures of all the new compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopy (UV, MS, H-1 and C-13 NMR, COSY, HMQC and HMBC) analysis.

Complement Factor H Displays Opposite Expression Patterns Under Two Situations of Methamphetamine Administration:Acute Exposure and Chronic Dependence

Dear Editor,Methamphetamine(METH)is a highly addictive central nervous system stimulant that has severe physical and psychological side-effects,including loss of appetite,hyperactivity,dysphoria,and depression[1].Due to its illegal production,distribution,sale,and possession it has become a worldwide burden.METH is directly toxic to dopaminergic and serotoninergic neurons,resulting in excitotoxicity,oxidative stress,and other processes[2].Research on biomolecules associated with these processes will be useful for identifying potential markers,exploring the mechanism of METH dependence,and even developing prevention and treatment strategies.

Copper ions inactivate S-ade-nosylhomocysteine hydrolase

S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy) hydrolase is an enzyme that regulates biomethylation and some other physiological processes. Recombinant AdoHcy hydrolase was overexpressed in E. coli JM109 and purified with ion exchange and gel filtration chromatographies. The effects of copper ions (Cu2+) on the activity of AdoHcy hydrolase were investigated and the results showed that Cu2+ inhibited the enzyme’s activity by a concentration and time-dependent process. The inhibition constant (Ki) and the apparent rate constant (Kapp) were calculated to be (14±4) nmol·L-1 and (1.08±0.15) min-1, respectively. The existence of the natural substrate Ado could to some extent prevent Cu2+ from inactivating the enzyme, suggesting that copper ions possibly could compete with the natural substrate on enzyme’s substrate binding site. Further studies on the mechanism of inhibition are being carried out.