Firefighting protective clothing is a crucial protective equipment for firefighters to minimize skin burn and ensure safety firefighting operation and rescue mission.A recent increasing concern is to develop self-powe...Firefighting protective clothing is a crucial protective equipment for firefighters to minimize skin burn and ensure safety firefighting operation and rescue mission.A recent increasing concern is to develop self-powered fire warning materials that can be incorporated into the firefighting clothing to achieve active fire protection for firefighters before the protective clothing catches fire on fireground.However,it is still a challenge to facilely design and manufacture thermoelectric(TE)textile(TET)-based fire warning electronics with dynamic surface conformability and breathability.Here,we develop an alternate coaxial wet-spinning strategy to continuously produce alternating p/n-type TE aerogel fibers involving n-type Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene and p-type MXene/SWCNT-COOH as core materials,and tough aramid nanofiber as protective shell,which simultaneously ensure the flexibility and high-efficiency TE power generation.With such alternating p/n-type TE fibers,TET-based self-powered fire warning sensors with high mechanical stability and wearability are successfully fabricated through stitching the alternating p-n segment TE fibers into aramid fabric.The results indicate that TET-based fire warning electronics containing 50 p-n pairs produce the open-circuit voltage of 7.5 mV with a power density of 119.79 nW cm-2 at a temperature difference of 300℃.The output voltage signal is then calculated as corresponding surface temperature of firefighting clothing based on a linear relationship between TE voltage and temperature.The fire alarm response time and flame-retardant properties are further displayed.Such self-powered fire warning electronics are true textiles that offer breathability and compatibility with body movement,demonstrating their potential application in firefighting clothing.展开更多
In wireless body sensor network(WBSN),the set of electrocardiogram(ECG)data which is collected from sensor nodes and transmitted to the server remotely supports the experts to monitor the health of a patient.While tra...In wireless body sensor network(WBSN),the set of electrocardiogram(ECG)data which is collected from sensor nodes and transmitted to the server remotely supports the experts to monitor the health of a patient.While transmit-ting these collected data some adversaries may capture and misuse it due to the compromise of security.So,the major aim of this work is to enhance secure trans-mission of ECG signal in WBSN.To attain this goal,we present Pity Beetle Swarm Optimization Algorithm(PBOA)based Elliptic Galois Cryptography(EGC)with Chaotic Neural Network.To optimize the key generation process in Elliptic Curve Cryptography(ECC)over Galoisfield or EGC,private key is chosen optimally using PBOA algorithm.Then the encryption process is enhanced by presenting chaotic neural network which is used to generate chaotic sequences or cipher data.Results of this work show that the proposed cryptogra-phy algorithm attains better encryption time,decryption time,throughput and SNR than the conventional cryptography algorithms.展开更多
Interconnected devices and intelligent applications have slashed human intervention in the Internet of Things(IoT),making it possible to accomplish tasks with less human interaction.However,it faces many problems,incl...Interconnected devices and intelligent applications have slashed human intervention in the Internet of Things(IoT),making it possible to accomplish tasks with less human interaction.However,it faces many problems,including lower capacity links,energy utilization,enhancement of resources and limited resources due to its openness,heterogeneity,limited resources and extensiveness.It is challenging to route packets in such a constrained environment.In an IoT network constrained by limited resources,minimal routing control overhead is required without packet loss.Such constrained environments can be improved through the optimal routing protocol.It is challenging to route packets in such a constrained environment.Thus,this work is motivated to present an efficient routing protocol for enhancing the lifetime of the IoT network.Lightweight On-demand Ad hoc Distance-vector Routing Protocol—Next Generation(LOADng)protocol is an extended version of the Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector(AODV)protocol.Unlike AODV,LOADng is a lighter version that forbids the intermediate nodes on the route to send a route reply(RREP)for the route request(RREQ),which originated from the source.A resource-constrained IoT network demands minimal routing control overhead and faster packet delivery.So,in this paper,the parameters of the LOADng routing protocol are optimized using the black widow optimization(BWO)algorithm to reduce the control overhead and delay.Furthermore,the performance of the proposed model is analyzed with the default LOADng in terms of delay,delivery ratio and overhead.Obtained results show that the LOADng-BWO protocol outperforms the conventional LOADng protocol.展开更多
Security is the one of the major challenges for routing the data between the source and destination in an Internet of Things(IoT)network.To overcome this challenge,a secure Lightweight On-demand Ad hoc Distancevector...Security is the one of the major challenges for routing the data between the source and destination in an Internet of Things(IoT)network.To overcome this challenge,a secure Lightweight On-demand Ad hoc Distancevector—Next Generation(LOADng)Routing Protocol is proposed in this paper.As the LOADng protocol is the second version of Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector(AODV)protocol,it retains most of the basic functionality and characteristics of AODV.During the route discovery process,the cyclic shift transposition algorithm(CSTA)is used to encrypt the control packets of the LOADng protocol to improve its security.CSTA approach only derives transposition and substitution without product cipher with respect to input data.Besides this,for choosing the best probable path between the source and destination,routing metrics such as link quality Indicator(LQI),hop count(HC)and queue length(QL)are included in the control packets.The data is then securely sent using CSTA using the optimal secure path selected.Experimental Results depict that the proposed secure and optimal LOADng(SO-LOADng)using CSTA encryption obtains better throughput,delivery ratio encryption time and decryption time than the existing state-ofart approaches.展开更多
Edge computing is a cloud computing extension where physical compu-ters are installed closer to the device to minimize latency.The task of edge data cen-ters is to include a growing abundance of applications with a sm...Edge computing is a cloud computing extension where physical compu-ters are installed closer to the device to minimize latency.The task of edge data cen-ters is to include a growing abundance of applications with a small capability in comparison to conventional data centers.Under this framework,Federated Learning was suggested to offer distributed data training strategies by the coordination of many mobile devices for the training of a popular Artificial Intelligence(AI)model without actually revealing the underlying data,which is significantly enhanced in terms of privacy.Federated learning(FL)is a recently developed decentralized profound learning methodology,where customers train their localized neural network models independently using private data,and then combine a global model on the core server together.The models on the edge server use very little time since the edge server is highly calculated.But the amount of time it takes to download data from smartphone users on the edge server has a significant impact on the time it takes to complete a single cycle of FL operations.A machine learning strategic planning system that uses FL in conjunction to minimise model training time and total time utilisation,while recognising mobile appliance energy restrictions,is the focus of this study.To further speed up integration and reduce the amount of data,it implements an optimization agent for the establishment of optimal aggregation policy and asylum architecture with several employees’shared learners.The main solutions and lessons learnt along with the prospects are discussed.Experiments show that our method is superior in terms of the effective and elastic use of resources.展开更多
There are many recent studies regarding the efficacy of bacteriophage-related lytic enzymes: the enzymes of ‘bacteria-eaters' or viruses that infect bacteria. By degrading the cell wall of the targeted bacteria, ...There are many recent studies regarding the efficacy of bacteriophage-related lytic enzymes: the enzymes of ‘bacteria-eaters' or viruses that infect bacteria. By degrading the cell wall of the targeted bacteria, these lytic enzymes have been shown to efficiently lyse Gram-positive bacteria without affecting normal flora and non-related bacteria. Recent studies have suggested approaches for lysing Gram-negative bacteria as well(Briersa Y, et al., 2014). These enzymes include: phage-lysozyme, endolysin, lysozyme, lysin, phage lysin, phage lytic enzymes, phageassociated enzymes, enzybiotics, muralysin, muramidase, virolysin and designations such as Ply, PAE and others. Bacteriophages are viruses that kill bacteria, do not contribute to antimicrobial resistance, are easy to develop, inexpensive to manufacture and safe for humans, animals and the environment. The current focus on lytic enzymes has been on their use as anti-infectives in humans and more recently in agricultural research models. The initial translational application of lytic enzymes, however, was not associated with treating or preventing a specifi c disease but rather as an extraction method to be incorporated in a rapid bacterial detection assay(Bernstein D, 1997).The current review traces the translational history of phage lytic enzymes–from their initial discovery in 1986 for the rapid detection of group A streptococcus in clinical specimens to evolving applications in the detection and prevention of disease in humans and in agriculture.展开更多
Located in the northern South China Sea,Chaoshan Depression is mainly a residual Mesozoic depression,with a construction of Meso-Cenozoic strata over 7000m thick and good hydrocarbon accumulation conditions.Amplitude ...Located in the northern South China Sea,Chaoshan Depression is mainly a residual Mesozoic depression,with a construction of Meso-Cenozoic strata over 7000m thick and good hydrocarbon accumulation conditions.Amplitude attribute of-90°phase component derived by phase decomposition is employed to detect Hydrocarbon in the zone of interest(ZOI)in Chaoshan Depression.And it is found that there are evident amplitude anomalies occurring around ZOI.Phase decomposition is applied to forward modeling results of the ZOI,and high amplitudes occur on the-90°phase component more or less when ZOI is charged with hydrocarbon,which shows that the amplitude abnormality in ZOI is probably caused by oil and gas accumulation.展开更多
AIM To identify factors associated with Papanicolaou-smear(Pap-smear) cervical cancer screening rates in a safety net population.METHODS From January 2012 to May 2013, the use of Pap-smear was determined for all patie...AIM To identify factors associated with Papanicolaou-smear(Pap-smear) cervical cancer screening rates in a safety net population.METHODS From January 2012 to May 2013, the use of Pap-smear was determined for all patients seen at the breast clinic in a safety net hospital. Health literacy assessment was performed using the validated Newest Vital Sign. The records of patients were reviewed to determine if they had undergone Pap-smears for cervical cancer screening. Sociodemographic information was collected included age, education, monthly income, race/ethnicity, employment, insurance status, and primary care provider of the patient. Logistic regression analysis was then performed to determine factors associated with utilization of Papsmears. Crude and adjusted odds ratios derived from multivariate logistic regression models were calculated as well as the associated 95% CIs and P-values.RESULTS Overall, 39% had Pap-smears in the prior 15 mo, 1377 consecutive women were seen during the study period and their records were reviewed. Significantly more patients with adequate health literacy underwent Papsmears as compared to those with limited health literacy(59% vs 34%, P < 0.0001). In multivariate analysis, patients with adequate health literacy, younger patients, and those with later age of first live birth were more likely to undergo Pap-smears. Patients whose primary care providers were gynecologists were also significantly more likely to have Pap-smears compared to other specialties(P < 0.0001). Patients younger than 21 years or older than 65 years underwent screening less frequently(11% and 11%, respectively) than those 21-64 years(41%, P < 0.0001). Race, ethnicity, language, and insurance status were not associated with Pap-smear screening rates.CONCLUSION Patient health literacy and primary care physician were associated with Pap-smear utilization. Development of interventions to target low health literacy populations could improve cervical cancer screening.展开更多
We all negotiate,formally or informally,in jobs,in day today lives and outcomes of negotiations affect those processes of life.Although negotiation is an intrinsic nature of human psyche,it is very complex phenomenon ...We all negotiate,formally or informally,in jobs,in day today lives and outcomes of negotiations affect those processes of life.Although negotiation is an intrinsic nature of human psyche,it is very complex phenomenon to implement using computing and internet for the various purposes in E Commerce.Automation of negotiation process poses unique challenges for computer scientists and researchers,so here we study how negotiation can be modeled and analyzed mathematically,what can be different techniques and strategies or set of rules/protocols to be implemented and how they can be relevantly implemented.We are in a quest to find out how this complex process,which involves human psyche can be automated using computers and modern day technologies.Now,the quest is not only automation,looking at the research in the related field in last ten years;but it is all about finding solutions to make e-negotiation more efficient and more accurate,as well as useful in any kind of electronic trading situations.Here is an attempt to consolidate our work of last few years on automation of negotiation process;we call it as negotiation protocol on research,study as well as implementation level of negotiation automation.Overall,we are trying to give few solutions to make the automation more efficient.展开更多
In this article, we investigates finite-time H∞ control problem of Markovian jumping neural networks of neutral type with distributed time varying delays. The mathematical model of the Markovian jumping neural networ...In this article, we investigates finite-time H∞ control problem of Markovian jumping neural networks of neutral type with distributed time varying delays. The mathematical model of the Markovian jumping neural networks with distributed delays is established in which a set of neural networks are used as individual subsystems. Finite time stability analysis for such neural networks is addressed based on the linear matrix inequality approach. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the usefulness of our proposed method. The results obtained are compared with the results in the literature to show the conservativeness.展开更多
Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)are created and affect our daily lives.You can find applications in various fields such as health,accident,life,manufacturing,production management,network management and many other field...Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)are created and affect our daily lives.You can find applications in various fields such as health,accident,life,manufacturing,production management,network management and many other fields.WSN now connects to the Internet of Things,connects the sensor to the Internet,and then uses it for collaboration and collaboration.However,when WSN is part of the internet we need to be able to study and analyze related terms.In this article,we’re going to look at different ways to getWSN online and identify the challenges that address in future as well.展开更多
China's modernization will make the flower garden of human civilization more colorful by integrating with other civilizations around the world.Nowadays,China is advancing toward the Second Centenary Goal and worki...China's modernization will make the flower garden of human civilization more colorful by integrating with other civilizations around the world.Nowadays,China is advancing toward the Second Centenary Goal and working to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through a Chinese path to modernization.Chinese modernization has enriched and developed a new form of human civilization,blazed a new path for the development of all nations,and created new opportunities for mutual learning among civilizations.展开更多
A more pragmatic and healthier Sino-lndian relationship would be a force of stability in the troubled world.China and India are ancient Eastern civilizations that have enjoyed deep historical and cultural ties for tho...A more pragmatic and healthier Sino-lndian relationship would be a force of stability in the troubled world.China and India are ancient Eastern civilizations that have enjoyed deep historical and cultural ties for thousands of years.展开更多
The present work reports the synthesis, characterization, photoluminescence and photocatalytic activity of Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-11 mol%) doped and Li^+(0.5 mol%-5 mol%) co-doped Bi_2 O_3 nanophosphors(NPs) by sonochemical m...The present work reports the synthesis, characterization, photoluminescence and photocatalytic activity of Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-11 mol%) doped and Li^+(0.5 mol%-5 mol%) co-doped Bi_2 O_3 nanophosphors(NPs) by sonochemical method. The average particle size was estimated using powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and is found to be in the range of 30-35 nm. The scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images were highly dependent on sonication time and concentration of epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) bio-surfactant. The energy gap of doped and co-doped Bi_2 O_3 nanophosphors was estimated using Kubelka-Munk(K-M) function and is found to be in the range of2.9-3.08 eV. The effect of Li+ co-doping on luminescence of optimized Bi_2 O_3:Eu^(3+) was studied and is found about more than 3 fold enhancement of emission intensity. Judd-Ofelt parameters(Ω_2, Ω_4 and Ω_6).transition probabilities(A_T), quantum efficiency(η), luminescence lifetime(τ_(rad)), color chromaticity coordinates(CIE) and correlated color temperature(CCT) values were estimated from the emission spectra and are discussed in detail. The estimated CIE chromaticity co-ordinates are very close to the NTSC(National Television Standard Committee) standard value of red emission. The synthesized NPs show excellent photocatalytic activity of acid red-88 under UV-light irradiation, which can degrade 98.1% in60 min. The decreasing electron-hole pair recombination rate with quick electron transfer ability is predominantly ascribed to the balance between crystallite size, morphology, band gap, defects, surface area, etc. These results show a light for the use of sonochemical route of Bi_2 O_3:Eu^(3+):Li^+ in solid state display and photocatalytic applications.展开更多
The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),which is scheduled to begin on October 18 in Beijing,will surely inject new impetus into China’s drive to build a moderately prosperous society in an al...The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),which is scheduled to begin on October 18 in Beijing,will surely inject new impetus into China’s drive to build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way by 2020.In the past five years under the leadership of Chinese President Xi Jinping,brilliant achievements have been made in just about every field,and the CPC is firmly advancing China with socialism with Chinese characteristics,covering every area of economic,political,cultural,social and ecological development.展开更多
The sub-micron(of the order of 150 nm) thick core–shell composite fibers of magnesium ferrite-polyvinylidene fluoride are prepared by electrospinning.The loading of magnesium ferrite is varied from 1 to 10 wt%.The ...The sub-micron(of the order of 150 nm) thick core–shell composite fibers of magnesium ferrite-polyvinylidene fluoride are prepared by electrospinning.The loading of magnesium ferrite is varied from 1 to 10 wt%.The study results by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,and infra-red spectroscopy indicate the formation of core–shell structure and an enhancement in the amount of b-phase compared to a-phase in the polyvinylidene fluoride.The particle size of the magnesium ferrite in the fiber is evaluated to be 30 nm.The low frequency dielectric studies indicate that the addition of the magnesium ferrite increases the polarization resulting in the increase in the dielectric constant but decreases the dielectric loss.The magnetization measurements indicate an increased value of coercivity compared to bulk due to the nano-size of the magnesium ferrite.The microwave absorption at the ferromagnetic resonance increases with the increase in the concentration of magnesium ferrite.The resonance field is found to vary with the loading of MFO.展开更多
On April 1,2020,to markthe 7oth anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Chinaand India,thetwo big neighboring countries in Asia,Chinese President Xi Jinping sent a message to Indian President ...On April 1,2020,to markthe 7oth anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Chinaand India,thetwo big neighboring countries in Asia,Chinese President Xi Jinping sent a message to Indian President Ram Nath Kovind stating:"A stronger China-India relationship will bring more benefits to our twocountries andpeoples and contribute more positive energy to Asia and the world at large."展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the Opening Project of National Local Joint Laboratory for Advanced Textile Processing and Clean Production(FX2022006)Guiding Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hubei province(2022CFC072)+2 种基金Guiding Project of Scientific Research Plan of Education Department of Hubei Province(B2022081)Shenghong Key Scientific Research Project of Emergency Support and Public Safety Fiber Materials and Products(2022-rw0101)Science and Technology Guidance Program of China National Textile and Apparel Council(2022002).
文摘Firefighting protective clothing is a crucial protective equipment for firefighters to minimize skin burn and ensure safety firefighting operation and rescue mission.A recent increasing concern is to develop self-powered fire warning materials that can be incorporated into the firefighting clothing to achieve active fire protection for firefighters before the protective clothing catches fire on fireground.However,it is still a challenge to facilely design and manufacture thermoelectric(TE)textile(TET)-based fire warning electronics with dynamic surface conformability and breathability.Here,we develop an alternate coaxial wet-spinning strategy to continuously produce alternating p/n-type TE aerogel fibers involving n-type Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene and p-type MXene/SWCNT-COOH as core materials,and tough aramid nanofiber as protective shell,which simultaneously ensure the flexibility and high-efficiency TE power generation.With such alternating p/n-type TE fibers,TET-based self-powered fire warning sensors with high mechanical stability and wearability are successfully fabricated through stitching the alternating p-n segment TE fibers into aramid fabric.The results indicate that TET-based fire warning electronics containing 50 p-n pairs produce the open-circuit voltage of 7.5 mV with a power density of 119.79 nW cm-2 at a temperature difference of 300℃.The output voltage signal is then calculated as corresponding surface temperature of firefighting clothing based on a linear relationship between TE voltage and temperature.The fire alarm response time and flame-retardant properties are further displayed.Such self-powered fire warning electronics are true textiles that offer breathability and compatibility with body movement,demonstrating their potential application in firefighting clothing.
文摘In wireless body sensor network(WBSN),the set of electrocardiogram(ECG)data which is collected from sensor nodes and transmitted to the server remotely supports the experts to monitor the health of a patient.While transmit-ting these collected data some adversaries may capture and misuse it due to the compromise of security.So,the major aim of this work is to enhance secure trans-mission of ECG signal in WBSN.To attain this goal,we present Pity Beetle Swarm Optimization Algorithm(PBOA)based Elliptic Galois Cryptography(EGC)with Chaotic Neural Network.To optimize the key generation process in Elliptic Curve Cryptography(ECC)over Galoisfield or EGC,private key is chosen optimally using PBOA algorithm.Then the encryption process is enhanced by presenting chaotic neural network which is used to generate chaotic sequences or cipher data.Results of this work show that the proposed cryptogra-phy algorithm attains better encryption time,decryption time,throughput and SNR than the conventional cryptography algorithms.
文摘Interconnected devices and intelligent applications have slashed human intervention in the Internet of Things(IoT),making it possible to accomplish tasks with less human interaction.However,it faces many problems,including lower capacity links,energy utilization,enhancement of resources and limited resources due to its openness,heterogeneity,limited resources and extensiveness.It is challenging to route packets in such a constrained environment.In an IoT network constrained by limited resources,minimal routing control overhead is required without packet loss.Such constrained environments can be improved through the optimal routing protocol.It is challenging to route packets in such a constrained environment.Thus,this work is motivated to present an efficient routing protocol for enhancing the lifetime of the IoT network.Lightweight On-demand Ad hoc Distance-vector Routing Protocol—Next Generation(LOADng)protocol is an extended version of the Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector(AODV)protocol.Unlike AODV,LOADng is a lighter version that forbids the intermediate nodes on the route to send a route reply(RREP)for the route request(RREQ),which originated from the source.A resource-constrained IoT network demands minimal routing control overhead and faster packet delivery.So,in this paper,the parameters of the LOADng routing protocol are optimized using the black widow optimization(BWO)algorithm to reduce the control overhead and delay.Furthermore,the performance of the proposed model is analyzed with the default LOADng in terms of delay,delivery ratio and overhead.Obtained results show that the LOADng-BWO protocol outperforms the conventional LOADng protocol.
文摘Security is the one of the major challenges for routing the data between the source and destination in an Internet of Things(IoT)network.To overcome this challenge,a secure Lightweight On-demand Ad hoc Distancevector—Next Generation(LOADng)Routing Protocol is proposed in this paper.As the LOADng protocol is the second version of Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector(AODV)protocol,it retains most of the basic functionality and characteristics of AODV.During the route discovery process,the cyclic shift transposition algorithm(CSTA)is used to encrypt the control packets of the LOADng protocol to improve its security.CSTA approach only derives transposition and substitution without product cipher with respect to input data.Besides this,for choosing the best probable path between the source and destination,routing metrics such as link quality Indicator(LQI),hop count(HC)and queue length(QL)are included in the control packets.The data is then securely sent using CSTA using the optimal secure path selected.Experimental Results depict that the proposed secure and optimal LOADng(SO-LOADng)using CSTA encryption obtains better throughput,delivery ratio encryption time and decryption time than the existing state-ofart approaches.
文摘Edge computing is a cloud computing extension where physical compu-ters are installed closer to the device to minimize latency.The task of edge data cen-ters is to include a growing abundance of applications with a small capability in comparison to conventional data centers.Under this framework,Federated Learning was suggested to offer distributed data training strategies by the coordination of many mobile devices for the training of a popular Artificial Intelligence(AI)model without actually revealing the underlying data,which is significantly enhanced in terms of privacy.Federated learning(FL)is a recently developed decentralized profound learning methodology,where customers train their localized neural network models independently using private data,and then combine a global model on the core server together.The models on the edge server use very little time since the edge server is highly calculated.But the amount of time it takes to download data from smartphone users on the edge server has a significant impact on the time it takes to complete a single cycle of FL operations.A machine learning strategic planning system that uses FL in conjunction to minimise model training time and total time utilisation,while recognising mobile appliance energy restrictions,is the focus of this study.To further speed up integration and reduce the amount of data,it implements an optimization agent for the establishment of optimal aggregation policy and asylum architecture with several employees’shared learners.The main solutions and lessons learnt along with the prospects are discussed.Experiments show that our method is superior in terms of the effective and elastic use of resources.
文摘There are many recent studies regarding the efficacy of bacteriophage-related lytic enzymes: the enzymes of ‘bacteria-eaters' or viruses that infect bacteria. By degrading the cell wall of the targeted bacteria, these lytic enzymes have been shown to efficiently lyse Gram-positive bacteria without affecting normal flora and non-related bacteria. Recent studies have suggested approaches for lysing Gram-negative bacteria as well(Briersa Y, et al., 2014). These enzymes include: phage-lysozyme, endolysin, lysozyme, lysin, phage lysin, phage lytic enzymes, phageassociated enzymes, enzybiotics, muralysin, muramidase, virolysin and designations such as Ply, PAE and others. Bacteriophages are viruses that kill bacteria, do not contribute to antimicrobial resistance, are easy to develop, inexpensive to manufacture and safe for humans, animals and the environment. The current focus on lytic enzymes has been on their use as anti-infectives in humans and more recently in agricultural research models. The initial translational application of lytic enzymes, however, was not associated with treating or preventing a specifi c disease but rather as an extraction method to be incorporated in a rapid bacterial detection assay(Bernstein D, 1997).The current review traces the translational history of phage lytic enzymes–from their initial discovery in 1986 for the rapid detection of group A streptococcus in clinical specimens to evolving applications in the detection and prevention of disease in humans and in agriculture.
基金Supported by“Investigation of Mesozoic Oil and Gas Resources in Northeast of the South China Sea,Project No.DD20190212”from China Geological Survey.
文摘Located in the northern South China Sea,Chaoshan Depression is mainly a residual Mesozoic depression,with a construction of Meso-Cenozoic strata over 7000m thick and good hydrocarbon accumulation conditions.Amplitude attribute of-90°phase component derived by phase decomposition is employed to detect Hydrocarbon in the zone of interest(ZOI)in Chaoshan Depression.And it is found that there are evident amplitude anomalies occurring around ZOI.Phase decomposition is applied to forward modeling results of the ZOI,and high amplitudes occur on the-90°phase component more or less when ZOI is charged with hydrocarbon,which shows that the amplitude abnormality in ZOI is probably caused by oil and gas accumulation.
文摘AIM To identify factors associated with Papanicolaou-smear(Pap-smear) cervical cancer screening rates in a safety net population.METHODS From January 2012 to May 2013, the use of Pap-smear was determined for all patients seen at the breast clinic in a safety net hospital. Health literacy assessment was performed using the validated Newest Vital Sign. The records of patients were reviewed to determine if they had undergone Pap-smears for cervical cancer screening. Sociodemographic information was collected included age, education, monthly income, race/ethnicity, employment, insurance status, and primary care provider of the patient. Logistic regression analysis was then performed to determine factors associated with utilization of Papsmears. Crude and adjusted odds ratios derived from multivariate logistic regression models were calculated as well as the associated 95% CIs and P-values.RESULTS Overall, 39% had Pap-smears in the prior 15 mo, 1377 consecutive women were seen during the study period and their records were reviewed. Significantly more patients with adequate health literacy underwent Papsmears as compared to those with limited health literacy(59% vs 34%, P < 0.0001). In multivariate analysis, patients with adequate health literacy, younger patients, and those with later age of first live birth were more likely to undergo Pap-smears. Patients whose primary care providers were gynecologists were also significantly more likely to have Pap-smears compared to other specialties(P < 0.0001). Patients younger than 21 years or older than 65 years underwent screening less frequently(11% and 11%, respectively) than those 21-64 years(41%, P < 0.0001). Race, ethnicity, language, and insurance status were not associated with Pap-smear screening rates.CONCLUSION Patient health literacy and primary care physician were associated with Pap-smear utilization. Development of interventions to target low health literacy populations could improve cervical cancer screening.
文摘We all negotiate,formally or informally,in jobs,in day today lives and outcomes of negotiations affect those processes of life.Although negotiation is an intrinsic nature of human psyche,it is very complex phenomenon to implement using computing and internet for the various purposes in E Commerce.Automation of negotiation process poses unique challenges for computer scientists and researchers,so here we study how negotiation can be modeled and analyzed mathematically,what can be different techniques and strategies or set of rules/protocols to be implemented and how they can be relevantly implemented.We are in a quest to find out how this complex process,which involves human psyche can be automated using computers and modern day technologies.Now,the quest is not only automation,looking at the research in the related field in last ten years;but it is all about finding solutions to make e-negotiation more efficient and more accurate,as well as useful in any kind of electronic trading situations.Here is an attempt to consolidate our work of last few years on automation of negotiation process;we call it as negotiation protocol on research,study as well as implementation level of negotiation automation.Overall,we are trying to give few solutions to make the automation more efficient.
文摘In this article, we investigates finite-time H∞ control problem of Markovian jumping neural networks of neutral type with distributed time varying delays. The mathematical model of the Markovian jumping neural networks with distributed delays is established in which a set of neural networks are used as individual subsystems. Finite time stability analysis for such neural networks is addressed based on the linear matrix inequality approach. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the usefulness of our proposed method. The results obtained are compared with the results in the literature to show the conservativeness.
文摘Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)are created and affect our daily lives.You can find applications in various fields such as health,accident,life,manufacturing,production management,network management and many other fields.WSN now connects to the Internet of Things,connects the sensor to the Internet,and then uses it for collaboration and collaboration.However,when WSN is part of the internet we need to be able to study and analyze related terms.In this article,we’re going to look at different ways to getWSN online and identify the challenges that address in future as well.
文摘China's modernization will make the flower garden of human civilization more colorful by integrating with other civilizations around the world.Nowadays,China is advancing toward the Second Centenary Goal and working to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through a Chinese path to modernization.Chinese modernization has enriched and developed a new form of human civilization,blazed a new path for the development of all nations,and created new opportunities for mutual learning among civilizations.
文摘A more pragmatic and healthier Sino-lndian relationship would be a force of stability in the troubled world.China and India are ancient Eastern civilizations that have enjoyed deep historical and cultural ties for thousands of years.
基金supported by VGST,Govt.of Karnataka,India(VGST/K-FIST-L1/2016-17/GRD-360)
文摘The present work reports the synthesis, characterization, photoluminescence and photocatalytic activity of Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-11 mol%) doped and Li^+(0.5 mol%-5 mol%) co-doped Bi_2 O_3 nanophosphors(NPs) by sonochemical method. The average particle size was estimated using powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) and is found to be in the range of 30-35 nm. The scanning electron microscopy(SEM) images were highly dependent on sonication time and concentration of epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) bio-surfactant. The energy gap of doped and co-doped Bi_2 O_3 nanophosphors was estimated using Kubelka-Munk(K-M) function and is found to be in the range of2.9-3.08 eV. The effect of Li+ co-doping on luminescence of optimized Bi_2 O_3:Eu^(3+) was studied and is found about more than 3 fold enhancement of emission intensity. Judd-Ofelt parameters(Ω_2, Ω_4 and Ω_6).transition probabilities(A_T), quantum efficiency(η), luminescence lifetime(τ_(rad)), color chromaticity coordinates(CIE) and correlated color temperature(CCT) values were estimated from the emission spectra and are discussed in detail. The estimated CIE chromaticity co-ordinates are very close to the NTSC(National Television Standard Committee) standard value of red emission. The synthesized NPs show excellent photocatalytic activity of acid red-88 under UV-light irradiation, which can degrade 98.1% in60 min. The decreasing electron-hole pair recombination rate with quick electron transfer ability is predominantly ascribed to the balance between crystallite size, morphology, band gap, defects, surface area, etc. These results show a light for the use of sonochemical route of Bi_2 O_3:Eu^(3+):Li^+ in solid state display and photocatalytic applications.
文摘The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),which is scheduled to begin on October 18 in Beijing,will surely inject new impetus into China’s drive to build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way by 2020.In the past five years under the leadership of Chinese President Xi Jinping,brilliant achievements have been made in just about every field,and the CPC is firmly advancing China with socialism with Chinese characteristics,covering every area of economic,political,cultural,social and ecological development.
文摘The sub-micron(of the order of 150 nm) thick core–shell composite fibers of magnesium ferrite-polyvinylidene fluoride are prepared by electrospinning.The loading of magnesium ferrite is varied from 1 to 10 wt%.The study results by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope,and infra-red spectroscopy indicate the formation of core–shell structure and an enhancement in the amount of b-phase compared to a-phase in the polyvinylidene fluoride.The particle size of the magnesium ferrite in the fiber is evaluated to be 30 nm.The low frequency dielectric studies indicate that the addition of the magnesium ferrite increases the polarization resulting in the increase in the dielectric constant but decreases the dielectric loss.The magnetization measurements indicate an increased value of coercivity compared to bulk due to the nano-size of the magnesium ferrite.The microwave absorption at the ferromagnetic resonance increases with the increase in the concentration of magnesium ferrite.The resonance field is found to vary with the loading of MFO.
文摘On April 1,2020,to markthe 7oth anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations between Chinaand India,thetwo big neighboring countries in Asia,Chinese President Xi Jinping sent a message to Indian President Ram Nath Kovind stating:"A stronger China-India relationship will bring more benefits to our twocountries andpeoples and contribute more positive energy to Asia and the world at large."