The automobiles, aircraft, and lightweight industries continuously demand thin near-net-shape preforms just out-of-machine as close to the final shape. This study addresses the possibilities of 3D thin shell textile p...The automobiles, aircraft, and lightweight industries continuously demand thin near-net-shape preforms just out-of-machine as close to the final shape. This study addresses the possibilities of 3D thin shell textile preform as the solution of lightweight reinforcement in various applications. Investigation into the development of 3D thin shells has led to different manufacturing processes. However, 3D thin shell preforms are mostly made by weaving and knitting, but nonwoven, winding, and/or layup techniques have been reported for over a decade. Owing to the complex thin shell manufacturing processes, they are not similar to the conventional methods. The different 3D thin shell preforms can extend the opportunities for new applications in various technical fields. This study presents existing research gaps and a few potential issues to be solved regarding 3D thin shell preforms in the near future.展开更多
The automobiles, aircraft, and lightweight industries continuously demand thin near-net-shape preforms just out-of-machine as close to the final shape. This study addresses the possibilities of 3D thin shell textile p...The automobiles, aircraft, and lightweight industries continuously demand thin near-net-shape preforms just out-of-machine as close to the final shape. This study addresses the possibilities of 3D thin shell textile preform as the solution of lightweight reinforcement in various applications. Investigation into the development of 3D thin shells has led to different manufacturing processes. However, 3D thin shell preforms are mostly made by weaving and knitting, but nonwoven, winding, and/or layup techniques have been reported for over a decade. Owing to the complex thin shell manufacturing processes, they are not similar to the conventional methods. The different 3D thin shell preforms can extend the opportunities for new applications in various technical fields. This study presents existing research gaps and a few potential issues to be solved regarding 3D thin shell preforms in the near future.展开更多
In times of increasing global warming,enormous efforts are required to rapidly reduce greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Due to the EU’s target of climate neutrality by 2050 and the even more ambitious goal of becoming cli...In times of increasing global warming,enormous efforts are required to rapidly reduce greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Due to the EU’s target of climate neutrality by 2050 and the even more ambitious goal of becoming climate-neutral in Germany by 2045,it is necessary to systematically increase energy efficiency and decarbonize the industrial heat sector.The methods of heat integration can be used to exploit existing potentials for waste heat utilization and to integrate renewable technologies for heating and cooling.By using a non-stationary,multiperiod approach,additional energy savings can be achieved by integrating a thermal energy storage(TES)that enables heat transportation over time.This paper presents a simultaneous approach for thermal energy storage integration into multiperiod heat integration problems.The approach can be used to minimize energy demand,costs and CO 2 emissions and is demonstrated in two case studies.In case study 1,it is shown that the presented approach is capable of integrating a TES properly into a simple multiperiod heat integration problem with two periods.In case study 2,a simplified example from a cosmetics manufactory is investigated.The total utility demand can be reduced by up to 44.3%due to TES integration and the energetic optimal storage size can be determined as 125 m 3.The savings are strongly dependent on the constellation of heat flows between the periods,on the temperature levels and on the storage size.Significant reductions of energy demand,costs and CO 2 emissions can be achieved with TES being properly integrated into a suitable operating environment.展开更多
文摘The automobiles, aircraft, and lightweight industries continuously demand thin near-net-shape preforms just out-of-machine as close to the final shape. This study addresses the possibilities of 3D thin shell textile preform as the solution of lightweight reinforcement in various applications. Investigation into the development of 3D thin shells has led to different manufacturing processes. However, 3D thin shell preforms are mostly made by weaving and knitting, but nonwoven, winding, and/or layup techniques have been reported for over a decade. Owing to the complex thin shell manufacturing processes, they are not similar to the conventional methods. The different 3D thin shell preforms can extend the opportunities for new applications in various technical fields. This study presents existing research gaps and a few potential issues to be solved regarding 3D thin shell preforms in the near future.
文摘The automobiles, aircraft, and lightweight industries continuously demand thin near-net-shape preforms just out-of-machine as close to the final shape. This study addresses the possibilities of 3D thin shell textile preform as the solution of lightweight reinforcement in various applications. Investigation into the development of 3D thin shells has led to different manufacturing processes. However, 3D thin shell preforms are mostly made by weaving and knitting, but nonwoven, winding, and/or layup techniques have been reported for over a decade. Owing to the complex thin shell manufacturing processes, they are not similar to the conventional methods. The different 3D thin shell preforms can extend the opportunities for new applications in various technical fields. This study presents existing research gaps and a few potential issues to be solved regarding 3D thin shell preforms in the near future.
文摘In times of increasing global warming,enormous efforts are required to rapidly reduce greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions.Due to the EU’s target of climate neutrality by 2050 and the even more ambitious goal of becoming climate-neutral in Germany by 2045,it is necessary to systematically increase energy efficiency and decarbonize the industrial heat sector.The methods of heat integration can be used to exploit existing potentials for waste heat utilization and to integrate renewable technologies for heating and cooling.By using a non-stationary,multiperiod approach,additional energy savings can be achieved by integrating a thermal energy storage(TES)that enables heat transportation over time.This paper presents a simultaneous approach for thermal energy storage integration into multiperiod heat integration problems.The approach can be used to minimize energy demand,costs and CO 2 emissions and is demonstrated in two case studies.In case study 1,it is shown that the presented approach is capable of integrating a TES properly into a simple multiperiod heat integration problem with two periods.In case study 2,a simplified example from a cosmetics manufactory is investigated.The total utility demand can be reduced by up to 44.3%due to TES integration and the energetic optimal storage size can be determined as 125 m 3.The savings are strongly dependent on the constellation of heat flows between the periods,on the temperature levels and on the storage size.Significant reductions of energy demand,costs and CO 2 emissions can be achieved with TES being properly integrated into a suitable operating environment.
