Characteristics of <i>Morus alba</i>L. Cultured by In-Room Hydroponics

Morus alba L., (cv Ichinose) was cultivated by in-room hydroponics. The flavor and texture of leaves were markedly improved enough to be edible. When the contents of 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ) and polyphenols were measured in the hydroponic cultivar, DNJ increased in the leaf compared to the field grown M. alba. However, polyphenols, in contrast, decreased compared to the field cultivar. HPLC profiling revealed marked difference in leaf components between hydroponic and field cultivars indicating relative contents of lipophilic polyphenols were increased. The polyphenols contents, especially, lipophilic polyphenols in the root were remarkably high compared to So-Haku-Hi (Sang Bai Pi in Chinese). The anti-obesity effect of the hydroponically grown Morus was further studied in rats by feeding high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet with and without supplementation of dried leaf and root powders for 15 weeks. As the result, both the leaf and root from the hydroponic cultivar showed potential anti-obesity and anti-hyperlipidemic functions through amelioration of insulin resistance. Differential effects of leaf and root powders indicated that besides DNJ, the lipophilic polyphenols may play a crucial role in the anti-diabetic function of hydroponically grown Morus alba L. The hydroponics will provide an alternate way to cultivate a novel resource of Morus for developing functional foods and medicines.

Microbial community structure and dynamics of starch-fed and glucose-fed chemostats during two years of continuous operation

微生物引起的社区二 mesophilic 组织厌氧的 chemostats，用葡萄糖喂的，其它与是的淀粉，唯一的碳采购原料，在二年期间以各种各样的冲淡率(为葡萄糖的 0.050.25 d 1 和为淀粉的 0.0250.1 d 1) 被学习连续操作。在喂葡萄糖的 chemostat， aceticlastic methanogen Methanosaeta spp。并且 hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanoculleus spp。以低冲淡率支配了，而 Methanosaeta spp。并且 hydrogenotrophic Methanobacterium spp。当冲淡率比 0.1 d 1 大时，一起支配了。细菌与分别地以 0.05， 0.1，和 0.15 d 1, 的冲淡率支配的数 Bacteroidetes，螺旋菌，和 Actinobacteria 结盟了，当在更高的冲淡支配的 Firmicutes 评价时(0.2 和 0.25 d 1) 。在喂淀粉的 chemostat， aceticlastic 和 hydrogenotrophic methanogens 根本共存了冲淡率。尽管属于仅仅二个数的细菌为淀粉降级(以以另外的冲淡率的 0.08 d 1 和 Firmicutes 的冲淡率的螺旋菌) 主要负责，不同的细菌的类以不同冲淡率被识别。与在喂葡萄糖的 chemostat 的 Archaea 的例外，乐队模式由使中毒表明在二 chemostats 的微生物引起的社区的坡度胶化电气泳动(DGGE ) 以经常的冲淡率在长期的操作期间显示了显著变化。细菌的社区处于冲淡率随着变化变化了，并且在在喂葡萄糖、喂淀粉的 chemostats 的长期的操作期间是乖僻的。