Community analysis of ammonia oxidizer in the oxygen-limited nitritation stage of OLAND system by DGGE of PCR amplified 16S rDNA fragments and FISH

OLAND(oxygen limited autotrophic nitrification and denitrification) nitrogen removal system was constructed by coupling with oxygen limited nitritation stage and anaerobic ammonium oxidation stage. Ammonia oxidizer, as a kind of key bacteria in N cycle, plays an important role at the oxygen limited nitritation stage of OLAND nitrogen removal system. In this study, specific amplification of 16S rDNA fragment of ammonia oxidizer by nested PCR, separation of mixed PCR samples by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE), and the quantification of ammonia oxidizer by fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) were combined to investigate the shifts of community composition and quantity of ammonia oxidizer of the oxygen limited nitritation stage in OLAND system. It showed that the community composition of ammonia oxidizer changed drastically when dissolved oxygen was decreased gradually, and the dominant ammonia oxidizer of the steady nitrite accumulation stage were completely different from that of the early stage of oxygen limited nitritation identified by DGGE . It was concluded that the Nitrosomonas may be the dominant genus of ammonia oxidizer at the oxygen limited nitritation stage of OLAND system characterized by nested PCR-DGGE and FISH, and the percentage of Nitrosomonas was 72.5% ±0.8% of ammonia oxidizer at the steady nitrite accumulation stage detected by FISH.

Quantum Fluctuation of a Mesoscopic Inductance Coupling Circuit at Finite Temperature

We study the quantization of mesoscopic inductance coupling circuit and discuss its time evolution. Bymeans of the thermal field dynamics theory we study the quantum fluctuation of the system at finite temperature.

Survivin antisense compound inhibits proliferation and promotes apoptosis in liver cancer cells

AIM: To evaluate the effects of survivin on cell proliferation and apoptosis in liver cancer. METHODS: MTT assay was used to generate and optimize phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides (ODNs)-LipofectamineTM2000 (LiP) compound by varying ODNs (μg): LiP (μL) ratios from 1:0.5 to 1:5. Then, liver cancer cells (HepG2) were transfected with the compound. By using RT-PCR and Western blot, the expression levels of survivin mRNA and proteins were detected in HepG2 cells treated with antisense compounds (ODNs:LiP=1:4), and compared with those treated with sense compounds (1:4) as control. MTT assay was applied to the determination of cell proliferation in HepG2 cells. Active caspase-3 was evaluated by flow cytometric analysis. The morphological changes were assessed by electron microscopy. Laser scanning confocal microscopy was performed to detect the subcellular localization of survivin proteins in treated and untreated cells. RESULTS: Antisense compounds (1:4) down-regulated survivin expression (mRNA and protein) in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 250 nmol/L. Its maximum effect was achieved at a concentration of 500 nmol/L, at which mRNA and protein levels were down-regulated by 80%. The similar results were found in MTT assay. Antisense compound (l:4)-treated cells revealed increased caspase-3-like protease activity compared with untreated cells. Untreated cells as control were primarily negative for the presence of active-caspase-3. As shown by transmission electron microscopy, treated cells with antisense compounds (1:4) resulted in morphological changes such as blebbing and loss of microvilli, vacuolization in the cytoplasm, condensation of the cytoplasm and nuclei, and fragmented chromatin. Immunofluorescence analysis confirmed the presence of survivin protein pool inside the cytoplasm in untreated cells. Labeled-FITC immunofluorescence staining of survivin clearly showed that survivin was distributed mainly in a spotted form inside the cytoplasm. Whereas cells treated with antisense compounds were rare and weak inside the cytoplasm. CONCLUSION: Down-regulation of survivin expression induced by the antisense compounds reduces tumor growth potential, promotes apoptosis and affects the localization of survivin proteins in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, survivin protein is a key molecule associated with proliferation and apoptosis, and antisense oligonucleotides targeting survivin have a bright prospect in the therapy of liver cancer.

A Series of Soliton-like and Double-like Periodic Solutions of a （2＋1）-Dimensional Asymmetric Nizhnik-Novikov-Vesselov Equation

We generalize the algebraic method presented by Fan [J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 36 (2003) 7009)] to uniformly construct a series of soliton-like solutions and double-like periodic solutions for nonlinear partial differential equations(NPDE). As an application of the method, we choose a (2+1)-dimensional asymmetric Nizhnik-Novikov-Vesselov equation and successfully construct new and more general solutions including a series of nontraveling wave and coefficient functions' soliton-like solutions, double-like periodic and trigonometric-like function solutions.

Variable Separation and Derivative-Dependent Functional Separable Solutions to Generalized Nonlinear Wave Equations

Using the generalized conditional symmetry approach, we obtain a number of new generalized (1+1)-dimensional nonlinear wave equations that admit derivative-dependent functional separable solutions.

Decryption of pure-position permutation algorithms

Pure position permutation image encryption algorithms, commonly used as image encryption investigated in this work are unfortunately frail under known-text attack. In view of the weakness of pure position permutation algorithm,we put forward an effective decryption algorithm for all pure-position permutation algorithms. First, a summary of the pure position permutation image encryption algorithms is given by introducing the concept of ergodic matrices. Then, by using probability theory and algebraic principles, the decryption probability of pure-position permutation algorithms is verified theoretically; and then, by defining the operation system of fuzzy ergodic matrices, we improve a specific decryption al-gorithm. Finally, some simulation results are shown.

Comparative studies on the biochemical characteristics of natural actomyosin isolated from PSE and normal pork

Biochemical changes of natural actomyosin from fresh pale, soft, exudative (PSE) and normal pork were studied,and the effects of different storage temperatures and different incubation temperature and times on sample superprecipitation,total sulfhydryl (-SH) content, and ATP (adenosine triphosphate) sensitivity were investigated. The results demonstrated that ATPase activity and thermal stability of PSE actomyosin were lower than those of normal pork; and that PSE actomyosin had higher -SH content than that of normal pork at all incubation temperatures and times tested.

Effects of daidzein on estrogen-receptor-positive and negative pancreatic cancer cells in vitro

AIM:To study the effects of daidzein on human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro.METHODS:Human estrogen-receptor (ER)-positive pancreatic cancer cells MiaPaCa-2 and ER-negative pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1 were treated by 0.1μmol/L, 1 μmol/L,10μmol/L, 25μmol/L, 50μmol/L,75μmol/L and 100μmol/L of daidzein, respectively.Its antiproliferative effect was studied by MTT assay.RESULTS:Daidzein inhibited the growth of MiaPaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells at the concentrations from 0.1μmol/L to 100μmol/L.A dose- and lime-dependent manner was found.The IC50 of daidzein on MiaPaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells was 45μmol/L and 75μmol/L, respectively. After MiaPaCa-2 cells were treated by daidzein for 3 d and at the concentrations more than IC50,the inhibitory manner was identical and the inhibition appeared a saturation phenomenon, but the inhibitory manner of daidzein on PANC-1 cells was different from that of MiaPaCa-2 cells.CONCLUSION:Daidzein has antiproliferative effects on human estrogen-receptor-positive and negative pancreatic cancer cells, but their mechanisms may be different.

Teleportation of Two-Mode Quantum State of Continuous Variables

Using two Einstein-Podolsky Rosen pair eigenstates |η) as quantum channels, we study the teleportationof two-mode quantum state of continuous variables.

Rational Form Solitary Wave Solutions and Doubly Periodic Wave Solutions to （1＋1）-Dimensional Dispersive Long Wave Equation

In this work we devise an algebraic method to uniformly construct rational form solitary wave solutions and Jacobi and Weierstrass doubly periodic wave solutions of physical interest for nonlinear evolution equations. With the aid of symbolic computation, we apply the proposed method to solving the (1+1)-dimensional dispersive long wave equation and explicitly construct a series of exact solutions which include the rational form solitary wave solutions and elliptic doubly periodic wave solutions as special cases.

Exact Solutions of Nonlinear Dynamics Equation in a New Double—Chain Model of DNA

The exact solutions of the general nonlinear dynamic system in a new double-chain model of DNA are studied by using both the Conte's Painlevé truncation expansion and the Pickering's truncation expansion. The symmetric kink-kink shape excitations can be found in both the Conte's truncation expansion and the Pickering's truncation expansion. Three types of new localized excitations, the asymmetric kink-kink excitations, the soliton-kink excitation, and the kink-soliton excitations, are found by using the Pickering's nonstandard truncation expansion.

Physiological and Molecular Analyses of Low-Salinity Stress Response in the Cuttlefish(Sepia pharaonis)Juveniles

As a stenohaline species,the survival of Sepia pharaonis can be affected by salinity significantly.This study aimed to explore the function of decreasing salinity on the survival of Sepia pharaonis,which can provide an advanced production guide on the culture of S.pharaonis in the rainy season.Salinity was gradually decreased from 29 to 22 within 48 h to acclimate S.pharaonis to a low-salinity environment.After ten days of breeding under low-salinity of 22,the death rate was high.In this process,changes in tissue and cell structures in the larval liver,biochemical indicators,and osmoregulation-related gene expression were examined.In-terestingly,hepatocytes in the low-salinity group were irregular,had dissolved tissue inclusions,and contained vacuolized cells.There-fore,low salinity caused severe damages at a cellular level that can elevate the mortality rate.A gradual decline in salinity limited the full adaptation of S.pharaonis.Biochemical indicators and osmoregulation-related gene expression changed similarly.For instance,the trend of malondialdehyde(MAD)as a product of lipid peroxidation reflected the degree of damage to the body by free radicals.The antioxidant system of S.pharaonis could cope with oxidative stress caused by the change in salinity to a certain extent.Osmo-regulation-related genes’expression also showed an optimistic result,that is,S.pharaonis responded positively to the change in sali-nity by adjusting the expression of osmoregulation-related genes.Conversely,the increase in mortality at day 10 also proved the weak adaptation capability of S.pharaonis.This study indicated that S.pharaonis can adapt to a low-salinity environment with a li-mited extent.

2-D MULTIRATE ALGORITHMS FOR EFFICIENT IMPLEMENTATION OF EDGE DETECTION

Edge detection is a fundamental issue in image analysis. This paper proposes multirate algorithms for efficient implementation of edge detector, and a design example is illustrated.The multirate (decimation and/or interpolation) signal processing algorithms can achieve considerable savings in computation and storage. The proposed algorithms result in mapping relations of their z-transfer functions between non-multirate and multirate mathematical expressions in terms of time-varying coefficient instead of traditional polyphase decomposition counterparts.The mapping properties can be readily utilized to efficiently analyze and synthesize multirate edge detection filters. The Very high-speed Hardware Description Language (VHDL) simulation results verify efficiency of the algorithms for real-time Field Programmable Gate-Array (FPGA)implementation.

POWER OPTIMIZATION OF FINITE STATE MACHINE BASED ON GENETIC ALGORITHM

Using state assignment to minimize power dissipation and area for finite state ma-chines is computationally hard. Most of published results show that the reduction of switchingactivity often trades with area penalty. In this paper, a new approach is proposed. Experimentalresults show a significant reduction of switching activity without area penalty compared withprevious publications.

General Symmetry Approach to Solve Variable—Coefficient Nonlinear Equations

After considering the variable coefficient of a nonlinear equation as a new dependent variable, some special types of variable-coefficient equation can be solved from the corresponding constant-coefficient equations by using the general classical Lie approach. Taking the nonlinear Schr?dinger equation as a concrete example, the method is recommended in detail.

Clarification Effects of Chitosan on Apple Fruit Juice

Chitosan is a good flocculant. The paper deals with the clarification of apple juice by means of chitosan. The results showed that the transmittance was over 97 % and soluble solid content was stable basically , under the technological condition of chitosan of 0. 5 -1. 2 g L-1, temperature of 45 - 55℃ and pH 4.5. After the orthogonal trial, the optimum technological conditions of apple juice clarification by using chitosan were 0.3 g L-1 chitosan, 45℃ and pH 4. 5. The research of the apple juice clarification with chitosan made a basis of the application of chitosan and provided the theoretical basis for the clarification of apple juice with chitosan.

The Stability Analysis for an Extended Car Following Model Based on Control Theory

A new method is proposed to study the stability of the car-following model considering traffic interruption probability. The stability condition for the extended ear-following model is obtained by using the Lyapunov function and the condition for no traffic jam is also given based on the control theory. Numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate and verify the analytical results. Moreover, numerical simulations show that the traffic interruption probability has an influence on driving behavior and confirm the effectiveness of the method on the stability of traffic flow.