Effect of Moringa oleifera on semen quality profiles in endangered Teressa goat under tropical humid island ecosystem

Objective:To investigate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on semen quality parameters in Teressa goat buck.Methods:A total of 25 semen samples from six bucks were selected for the study.Spermatozoa of 150×10^(6) were incubated in 0,300,500 and 700μg of leaf extract as groupⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,respectively.Liquid stored semen samples were analysed for motility,viability,total sperm abnormalities,plasma membrane,acrosomal and nuclear integrities,seminal plasma intracellular enzymes[aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)]and total antioxidant capacity(TAC)and spermatozoa malondialdehyde(MDA)and cholesterol efflux in comparison with the control group(groupⅠ)for up to 72 h.Results:Moringa oleifera leaf extract(500μg/150×10^(6) spermatozoa)-treated semen had significantly higher motility,viability,plasma membrane,acrosomal and nuclear integrities,and TAC(P<0.05),and had significantly lower total sperm abnormalities,AST,ALT,LDH,MDA production and cholesterol efflux compared to those in other Moringa oleifera leaf extract treated(300 or 700μg/150×10^(6) spermatozoa)and control groups at different hours of liquid storage(P<0.05).Semen quality parameters and TAC showed an increasing trend and total sperm abnormalities,MDA production,leakage of intra-cellular enzymes and cholesterol efflux showed a decreasing trend from group Ⅰto group Ⅲand then an opposite trend from group Ⅲ to group Ⅳ at different hours of liquid storage.Conclusions:Moringa oleifera leaf extract 500μg/150×10^(6) spermatozoa can be used for liquid semen preservation in Teressa goat at Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Seasonal stress on semen quality profiles, seminal biochemical and oxidative stress attributes in endangered Teressa goat of Andaman and Nicobar Islands

Objective:To measure seasonal effects on semen quality profiles,seminal biochemical and oxidative stress attributes in fresh and liquid stored semen in monsoon and dry seasons.Methods:A total of 10 Teressa bucks(3-4 years)were selected from breeding farm,ICAR-Central Island Agricultural Research Institute,Port Blair,Andaman and Nicobar Islands,India.Semen samples(n=25 per season)were collected through artificial vagina method and preserved at refrigerated temperature(5℃)for 48 h using Tris citrate glucose based extender.We detected semen quality parameters[volume,mass activity,pH,sperm concentration,total motility,viability,total sperm abnormality,and plasma membrane,acrosomal and nuclear integrities],biochemical profiles[aspartate amino transferase(AST),alanine amino transferase(ALT)and total cholesterol],and oxidative stress markers[total antioxidant capacity(TAC)and malondialdehyde(MDA)]during monsoon and dry seasons.Results:Semen quality parameters significantly differed between seasons(P<0.05)and among storage periods(P<0.05).Volume,pH,mass activity,motility,viability,acrosomal,plasma membrane and nuclear integrities,and TAC were significantly higher(P<0.05).Sperm concentration,sperm abnormalities,MDA,AST,ALT and total cholesterol were significantly lower in fresh semen of monsoon than dry season(P<0.05).Motility,viability,acrosomal,plasma membrane and nuclear integrities,and TAC were significantly decreased(P<0.05)while sperm abnormality,AST,ALT,total cholesterol and MDA were significantly increased as liquid semen storage period advanced(P<0.05).Conclusions:Monsoon season has higher beneficial effects on semen quality profiles and liquid stored semen remained usable for upto 48 h.Good quality ejaculates with higher TAC and lower MDA can be cryopreserved and will be used for artificial insemination.

Exogenous gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) modulates scrotal and testicular biometrics, libido, endocrinological and heamatological profiles in Ganjam goat under humid tropical coastal ecosystem of Odisha

Objective:To assess the effect of exogenous gonadotropin releasing hormone(GnRH)in libido,scrotal and testicular biometrics,endocrinological and heamatological profiles of Ganjam goat buck during winter and pre-monsoon seasons.Methods:Forty eight healty Ganjam goat bucks of 3-4 years old were equally divided into the control and treatment groups.The control group received distilled water as placebo,while the treatment group received GnRH injection(4μg Buserelin acetate/mL)once a week for four months.Body weight,scrotal circumference and testicular parameters(testicular volume,testicular weight and testis index),endocrinological profiles[follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(LH),and testosterone],sex behavioural profiles(libido score,mating ability score,and sex behavioural score)and heamatological profiles(red blood cells,white blood cells,haemoglobin,and packed cell volume)were estimated.Results:The libido,scrotal and testicular biometrics,and endocrinological profiles significantly differed between the control and GnRH-treated bucks within and between the seasons within the two groups(P<0.05).Body weight,scrotal circumference,testicular volume,testicular weight,testis index,FSH,LH,testosterone,libido score,mating ability score,sex behavioural score,red blood cells,haemoglobin and packed cell volume were significantly higher in the GnRH-treated bucks compared to the control bucks in pre-monsoon and winter seasons(P<0.05).Body weight,scrotal circumference,testicular volume,testicular weight,testis index,FSH,LH,testosterone,libido score,mating ability score,sex behavioural score,red blood cell counts(in treatment),and haemoglobin were significantly higher in pre-monsoon compared to winter season in the experimental groups(P<0.05).The white blood cell counts neither differed between seasons nor between the two groups.Conclusions:Exogenous GnRH supplementation and pre-monsoon season have higher beneficial effects in improvement of endocrinological profiles with cascading beneficial effects on scrotal circumference,testicular volume,testicular weight,and sex behavioural profiles,which in turn will improve the sperm production and its cryo-survivability and fertility rate in Ganjam goat.