Development and Validation of HPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Amlodipine, Valsartan, Hydrochlorothiazide in Dosage Form and Spiked Human Plasma

A simple, sensitive, and specific method was developed for simultaneous determination of Amlodipine besylate (AML), Valsartan (Vals) and Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) by high performance liquid chromatography without previous separation. Satisfactory resolution was achieved using a RP-C18 chromatographic column, Phenomenex Kinetex (150 mm × 4.6 mm i.d) and a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-phosphate buffer (0.05 M) with pH 2.8 in the proportion of (40/60, v/v) at a flow rate 0.8 mL/min and the wavelength detection was 227 nm. The retention time for HCT, AML and VAls was 2.26, 3.16 and 11.19 min;respectively. The described method was linear over a range of 4-28 μg /ml, 5-40 μg /ml and 1-12 μg /ml for AML, Vals and HCT;respectively. The mean percent recoveries were 99.94%, 99.96% and 99.78% for AML, Vals and HCT;respectively. F-test and t-test at 95%con?dence level were used to check the intermediate precision data obtained under different experimental setups. The method could be used for analysis of combined dose tablet formulation containing AML, Vals, HCT as well as spiked human plasma.

Women and Myths of Today: An Investigation for the Reasons of Gender Inequalities

The relationship between participation and gender is rather more fraught with tensions and contradictions.These points of tension between participatory and“gender aware”approaches to development arise from-and produce rather different ways of engaging with issues of gendered power.This paper aims to list the dimensions of“participation”and“gender”in development,highlighting paradoxes of“gender-aware”and participatory development interventions.From that part it raises a question,despite the continuous efforts that have been exerted in the past and up to present to minimize the gap of gender inequality,coupled with the fact that the percentage of females to males in the workplace is increasing rapidly;yet the sam problems exist,in particular,the lack of employment opportunities and rights.Thus,raising issues such as is gender awareness necessary and sufficient for effective participation of women in gender and development practices?And what are the requirements for this effective participation?Does the effective participation of women overcome gender differences?

A Comparative Study of the Novel Ratio Difference Method versus Conventional Spectrophotometric Techniques for the Analysis of Binary Mixture with Overlapped Spectra

The smart novel ratio difference spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the determination of a binary mixture of Sodium cromoglicate (SCG) and Fluorometholone (FLU) in presence of benzalkonium chloride without prior separation. The results were compared to that of the conventional methods (dual wavelength and first derivative of ratio spectra). The suggested methods were validated in compliance with the ICH guidelines and were successfully applied for determination of SCG and FLU in their laboratory prepared mixtures and commercial ophthalmic solution. The novel method showed significant advantages over the conventional methods regarding simplicity, minimal data manipulation and maximum reproducibility and robustness;which enabled the analysis of binary mixtures with overlapped spectra for routine quality control testing with quite satisfactory.

Overview about toxicology of cannabis smoking

There are other names for cannabis in the market such as marijuana and hashish.Inhalation considers to be the most common way for consumption.As the inhaled cigarette which called in some communities(joint)contains 0.5 to 0.7 g of delta-9-THC,but the most common dose contains 5-25 mg THC.It can be smoked directly or through small pipes[6].It was demonstrated that the physiologic effects result from oral consumption are slower in onset and have longer duration compared to that with inhalation administration.As a consequence,the patients may lead to ingest more cannabis and be affected more strongly and for longer than intended.There are other products considered to increase the risk of toxicity such as tinctures,capsules and topical.These preparations are limited in use.Furthermore,the additional chemicals and adulterants participate in a particular way to increase the risk of toxicity.As most of cannabis users are unaware by the presence of these chemicals.The only way of identification is when the user subjected to toxicological evaluation as part of a forensic investigation,for example,if being arrested for driving while under the influence of cannabis[3].

Association analysis of FTO gene polymorphisms and obesity risk among Egyptian children and adolescents

Obesity is a common disorder that has a significant impact on human health as it may lead to many serious diseases and sometimes morbidity.Previous genome-wide association studies(GWAS)confirmed that there is a relationship between some variants in the first intron of the fat mass and obesity associated(FTO)gene and obesity in adults and children in different ethnic groups.In our study,the association of the FTO rs9939609 and rs17817449 variants with obesity was investigated in Egyptian children and adolescents.We examined rs9939609 and rs17817449 polymorphisms in 100 control and 100 obese cases,we used the restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)technique to genotype the samples.The current study showed that there were no significant differences(P>0.05)between the cases and controls in both variants of rs17817449 and rs9939609 polymorphisms.However,there were significant correlations between rs17817449 and cholesterol and between rs9939609 and LDL.In Current Study although the two variants(rs9939609 and rs17817449)didn’t show an association with obesity,but there was a correlation between the lipid profile and these two variants.