Background:Bacterial vaginosis(BV),a lower genital tract syndrome,has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes and is regarded as the prevalent type of vaginal infection in females of childbearing age.Objectives:To d...Background:Bacterial vaginosis(BV),a lower genital tract syndrome,has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes and is regarded as the prevalent type of vaginal infection in females of childbearing age.Objectives:To determine the accuracy of Nugent scoring and Gardnerella vaginalis culture in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis(BV)among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital,Nnewi,Nigeria.Method:This cross-sectional study evaluated biospecimen from 333 pregnant women enrolled through systematic random sampling technique.Biospecimens of vaginal discharge were tested for BV infection using Amsel’s criteria,Nugent’s score and culture of G.Vaginalis.Using Amsel’s criteria as a“gold standard”,the Nugent’s score and culture of G.vaginalis were estimated.Results:Prevalence of 26.12%,25.82% and 28.20% of BV was found using Amsel criteria,Nugent’s method and culture of G.vaginalis,respectively.No statistical relationship exists between socio-demographic characteristics and BV(P>0.05).Sexual exposure,and vaginal hygienic practices influences BV(P<0.05)infection and also with fishy odor during or after sexual intercourse,Gardnerella morphotypes,Bacteroides morphotypes and BV(P<0.05).An inverse relationship existed between lactobacilli morphotypes and BV.The prevalence of HIV was 5.41% and 16 out of 18 had BV diagnosed using Amsel criteria.Nugent method correlated strongly with Amsel criteria(P<0.05).In comparison with Amsel criteria,it had 78.16% sensitivity,92.68% specificity,79.07% positive predictive value,92.31% negative predictive value and 88.89% accuracy rate.This was in contrast distinction to the culture of G.vaginalis,which had 56.32%sensitivity,81.70% specificity,52.13% positive predictive value,84.10% negative predictive value and 75.08% accuracy rate.Conclusion:Nugent method correlated strongly with Amsel criteria(P<0.05)and had 78.16% sensitivity,92.68% specificity,79.07% positive predictive value,92.31% negative predictive value and 88.89% accuracy rate.Contrariwise,the culture of G.vaginalis had 56.32% sensitivity,81.70% specificity,52.13% positive predictive value,84.10% negative predictive value and 75.08% accuracy rate for BV diagnosis.展开更多
In this study, to explore the radiation protection effects of Lyophyllum Decastes Sing （LDS）, a hot distilled-water extract of LDS was orally administered at a dosage of 250mg/kg every other day for a period of 2 we...In this study, to explore the radiation protection effects of Lyophyllum Decastes Sing （LDS）, a hot distilled-water extract of LDS was orally administered at a dosage of 250mg/kg every other day for a period of 2 weeks in irradiated mice. An automatic blood cell counter was used to measure white blood cells （lymphocytes, monocyte, and granulocytes） one day before X-ray irradiation, and 3 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, 7 days, 15 days and 30 days after irradiation. The Dunnett test was used to examine statistical significance of differences. The peripheral blood cell counts in the Lyophyllum-administered non-irradiation group revealed an increase in the numbers of ieukocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes. For 2 Gy whole body radiation, a significant statistical difference was found between the X-ray group and the Lyophyllum plus X-ray group in the numbers of leukocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes. The results suggest that Lyophyllum restrains blood cell-count falling after irradiation, which is probably mediated at least in part by hemopoietic function, and NK and LAK activities seems to play a role in preventing secondary irffections associated with irradiation.展开更多
Purposes: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) exert satisfactory therapeutic effects in lung cancer patients. However, the resultant skin toxicity can deteriorate patients’ quali...Purposes: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) exert satisfactory therapeutic effects in lung cancer patients. However, the resultant skin toxicity can deteriorate patients’ quality of life (QoL). Differences exist in skin toxicity evaluation between patients and clinicians. We aimed to clarify the association between the subjective evaluation of skin toxicities and QoL in lung cancer patients and to establish a document of scale development in the subjective evaluation of skin toxicity. Methods: We used self-administered questionnaires to evaluate 12 lung cancer patients receiving EGFR-TKI treatment. Indices of QoL were generated using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and a subjective evaluation questionnaire concerning skin toxicity was completed. The data were collected immediately before treatment initiation and at 4 weeks post treatment. Results: In the subjective evaluation of skin toxicity, four patients (33.3%) were classified as ≥Grade 2 (painful group), experiencing painful pruritus at the emergence site of the skin rash or xerosis. In this group, the QoL scores of physical and emotional aspects declined after treatment. Conversely, patients in the painless group (Grade 0 - 1) demonstrated an improved emotional QoL following treatment (p = 0.028). Conclusions: Lung cancer patients suffering from painful skin toxicity tended to show a decline in the physical and emotional aspects of QoL following EGFR-TKI treatment. The skin toxicity questionnaire was useful from the point of view of a subjective evaluation and could be a powerful assessment tool in future clinical settings with further modification.展开更多
Since ancient times,humans have bred several plants that we rely on today.However,little is known about the divergence of most of these plants.In the present study,we investigated the divergence of Mibuna(Brassica rap...Since ancient times,humans have bred several plants that we rely on today.However,little is known about the divergence of most of these plants.In the present study,we investigated the divergence of Mibuna(Brassica rapa L.subsp.nipposinica L.H.Bailey),a traditional leafy vegetable in Kyoto(Japan),by combining genetic analysis and a survey of ancient literature.Mibuna is considered to have been bred 200 years ago from Mizuna,another traditional leafy vegetable in Kyoto.Mibuna has simple spatulate leaves,whereas Mizuna has characteristic serrated leaves.The quantitative trait loci(QTL)and gene expression analyses suggested that the downregulation of BrTCP15 expression contributed to the change in the leaf shape from serrated to simple spatulate.Interestingly,the SNP analysis indicated that the genomic region containing the BrTCP15 locus was transferred to Mibuna by introgression.Furthermore,we conducted a survey of ancient literature to reveal the divergence of Mibuna and found that hybridization between Mizuna and a simple-leaved turnip might have occurred in the past.Indeed,the genomic analysis of multiple turnip cultivars showed that one of the cultivars,Murasakihime,has almost the same sequence in the BrTCP15 region as Mibuna.These results suggest that the hybridization between Mizuna and turnip has resulted in the establishment of Mibuna.展开更多
Background:We clarified the predictive factors for changes in the status ofmedications for lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)2 years after local radiotherapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer.Materials and methods:We ...Background:We clarified the predictive factors for changes in the status ofmedications for lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)2 years after local radiotherapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer.Materials and methods:We retrospectively included patients who underwent local external radiotherapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer in 8 institutions between April 2001 and March 2016.Patients were divided into themedication and no-medication group based on the use of drugs for LUTS before radiotherapy.We defined improvement of LUTS as when the patient did not require medication for LUTS at 24 months after radiotherapy in the medication group and as deterioration whenmedication was required in the no-medication group.Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate predictive factors for changes in medication status.Results:Altogether,505 patients were divided into a no-medication group(n=352)and a medication group(n=153).The number of patients with deterioration and improvement in LUTS was 49(14%)and 36(23%),respectively.In the multivariate analysis,the predictive variables for deterioration were the International Prostate SymptomScore(≥8;odds ratio[OR],2.21;p=0.014)and the biopsy Gleason score(≤3+4=7;OR,2.430;p=0.008)in the no-medication group,whereas those for improvement were age(<75 years old;OR,5.81;p=0.002),the quality of life score(<3;OR,3.15;p=0.028),and a positive biopsy core rate(≥50%;OR,2.530;p=0.027)in the medication group.Conclusions:These predictive factors for changes in the status ofmedications for LUTS at 2 years after external radiotherapymay help determine the definitive therapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer.展开更多
Exploring unconventional topological quasiparticles and their associated exotic physical properties has become a hot topic in condensed matter physics,thus stimulating extensive interest in recent years.Here,in contra...Exploring unconventional topological quasiparticles and their associated exotic physical properties has become a hot topic in condensed matter physics,thus stimulating extensive interest in recent years.Here,in contrast to the double-Weyl phonons(the topological chiral charge+2)in the trigonal and hexagonal crystal systems,we propose that the unconventional double-Weyl without counterparts in high-energy physics can emerge in the phonons of cubic structures,i.e.,SrSi_(2).展开更多
文摘Background:Bacterial vaginosis(BV),a lower genital tract syndrome,has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes and is regarded as the prevalent type of vaginal infection in females of childbearing age.Objectives:To determine the accuracy of Nugent scoring and Gardnerella vaginalis culture in the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis(BV)among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital,Nnewi,Nigeria.Method:This cross-sectional study evaluated biospecimen from 333 pregnant women enrolled through systematic random sampling technique.Biospecimens of vaginal discharge were tested for BV infection using Amsel’s criteria,Nugent’s score and culture of G.Vaginalis.Using Amsel’s criteria as a“gold standard”,the Nugent’s score and culture of G.vaginalis were estimated.Results:Prevalence of 26.12%,25.82% and 28.20% of BV was found using Amsel criteria,Nugent’s method and culture of G.vaginalis,respectively.No statistical relationship exists between socio-demographic characteristics and BV(P>0.05).Sexual exposure,and vaginal hygienic practices influences BV(P<0.05)infection and also with fishy odor during or after sexual intercourse,Gardnerella morphotypes,Bacteroides morphotypes and BV(P<0.05).An inverse relationship existed between lactobacilli morphotypes and BV.The prevalence of HIV was 5.41% and 16 out of 18 had BV diagnosed using Amsel criteria.Nugent method correlated strongly with Amsel criteria(P<0.05).In comparison with Amsel criteria,it had 78.16% sensitivity,92.68% specificity,79.07% positive predictive value,92.31% negative predictive value and 88.89% accuracy rate.This was in contrast distinction to the culture of G.vaginalis,which had 56.32%sensitivity,81.70% specificity,52.13% positive predictive value,84.10% negative predictive value and 75.08% accuracy rate.Conclusion:Nugent method correlated strongly with Amsel criteria(P<0.05)and had 78.16% sensitivity,92.68% specificity,79.07% positive predictive value,92.31% negative predictive value and 88.89% accuracy rate.Contrariwise,the culture of G.vaginalis had 56.32% sensitivity,81.70% specificity,52.13% positive predictive value,84.10% negative predictive value and 75.08% accuracy rate for BV diagnosis.
文摘In this study, to explore the radiation protection effects of Lyophyllum Decastes Sing （LDS）, a hot distilled-water extract of LDS was orally administered at a dosage of 250mg/kg every other day for a period of 2 weeks in irradiated mice. An automatic blood cell counter was used to measure white blood cells （lymphocytes, monocyte, and granulocytes） one day before X-ray irradiation, and 3 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours, 3 days, 7 days, 15 days and 30 days after irradiation. The Dunnett test was used to examine statistical significance of differences. The peripheral blood cell counts in the Lyophyllum-administered non-irradiation group revealed an increase in the numbers of ieukocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes. For 2 Gy whole body radiation, a significant statistical difference was found between the X-ray group and the Lyophyllum plus X-ray group in the numbers of leukocytes, lymphocytes and monocytes. The results suggest that Lyophyllum restrains blood cell-count falling after irradiation, which is probably mediated at least in part by hemopoietic function, and NK and LAK activities seems to play a role in preventing secondary irffections associated with irradiation.
文摘Purposes: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) exert satisfactory therapeutic effects in lung cancer patients. However, the resultant skin toxicity can deteriorate patients’ quality of life (QoL). Differences exist in skin toxicity evaluation between patients and clinicians. We aimed to clarify the association between the subjective evaluation of skin toxicities and QoL in lung cancer patients and to establish a document of scale development in the subjective evaluation of skin toxicity. Methods: We used self-administered questionnaires to evaluate 12 lung cancer patients receiving EGFR-TKI treatment. Indices of QoL were generated using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lung and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and a subjective evaluation questionnaire concerning skin toxicity was completed. The data were collected immediately before treatment initiation and at 4 weeks post treatment. Results: In the subjective evaluation of skin toxicity, four patients (33.3%) were classified as ≥Grade 2 (painful group), experiencing painful pruritus at the emergence site of the skin rash or xerosis. In this group, the QoL scores of physical and emotional aspects declined after treatment. Conversely, patients in the painless group (Grade 0 - 1) demonstrated an improved emotional QoL following treatment (p = 0.028). Conclusions: Lung cancer patients suffering from painful skin toxicity tended to show a decline in the physical and emotional aspects of QoL following EGFR-TKI treatment. The skin toxicity questionnaire was useful from the point of view of a subjective evaluation and could be a powerful assessment tool in future clinical settings with further modification.
基金This research was supported by grants in aid from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(KAKENHI grant numbers 16H01472 and 18H04787)the MEXT-Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities(grant number S1511023)from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science,and Technology of Japan to S.K+2 种基金This work was also financially supported by the Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant from The Japan Science Society to Y.KThis study was supported by a Joint Usage/Research program of the Center for Ecological Research,Kyoto University,the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science,and Technology of Japan(MEXT)[Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas(19H04870)]Research Funding for the Computational Software Supporting Program from Meiji University.
文摘Since ancient times,humans have bred several plants that we rely on today.However,little is known about the divergence of most of these plants.In the present study,we investigated the divergence of Mibuna(Brassica rapa L.subsp.nipposinica L.H.Bailey),a traditional leafy vegetable in Kyoto(Japan),by combining genetic analysis and a survey of ancient literature.Mibuna is considered to have been bred 200 years ago from Mizuna,another traditional leafy vegetable in Kyoto.Mibuna has simple spatulate leaves,whereas Mizuna has characteristic serrated leaves.The quantitative trait loci(QTL)and gene expression analyses suggested that the downregulation of BrTCP15 expression contributed to the change in the leaf shape from serrated to simple spatulate.Interestingly,the SNP analysis indicated that the genomic region containing the BrTCP15 locus was transferred to Mibuna by introgression.Furthermore,we conducted a survey of ancient literature to reveal the divergence of Mibuna and found that hybridization between Mizuna and a simple-leaved turnip might have occurred in the past.Indeed,the genomic analysis of multiple turnip cultivars showed that one of the cultivars,Murasakihime,has almost the same sequence in the BrTCP15 region as Mibuna.These results suggest that the hybridization between Mizuna and turnip has resulted in the establishment of Mibuna.
文摘Background:We clarified the predictive factors for changes in the status ofmedications for lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS)2 years after local radiotherapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer.Materials and methods:We retrospectively included patients who underwent local external radiotherapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer in 8 institutions between April 2001 and March 2016.Patients were divided into themedication and no-medication group based on the use of drugs for LUTS before radiotherapy.We defined improvement of LUTS as when the patient did not require medication for LUTS at 24 months after radiotherapy in the medication group and as deterioration whenmedication was required in the no-medication group.Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate predictive factors for changes in medication status.Results:Altogether,505 patients were divided into a no-medication group(n=352)and a medication group(n=153).The number of patients with deterioration and improvement in LUTS was 49(14%)and 36(23%),respectively.In the multivariate analysis,the predictive variables for deterioration were the International Prostate SymptomScore(≥8;odds ratio[OR],2.21;p=0.014)and the biopsy Gleason score(≤3+4=7;OR,2.430;p=0.008)in the no-medication group,whereas those for improvement were age(<75 years old;OR,5.81;p=0.002),the quality of life score(<3;OR,3.15;p=0.028),and a positive biopsy core rate(≥50%;OR,2.530;p=0.027)in the medication group.Conclusions:These predictive factors for changes in the status ofmedications for LUTS at 2 years after external radiotherapymay help determine the definitive therapy for nonmetastatic prostate cancer.
基金This work is supported by the Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2017B030306008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11974160,11674148,and 11334003)+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M652686)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(No.2018JQ1083)the Center for Computational Science and Engineering of Southern University of Science and Technology.
文摘Exploring unconventional topological quasiparticles and their associated exotic physical properties has become a hot topic in condensed matter physics,thus stimulating extensive interest in recent years.Here,in contrast to the double-Weyl phonons(the topological chiral charge+2)in the trigonal and hexagonal crystal systems,we propose that the unconventional double-Weyl without counterparts in high-energy physics can emerge in the phonons of cubic structures,i.e.,SrSi_(2).
