切向气流对激光辐照树脂基复合材料的影响

为了考察切向强迫气流对激光辐照下树脂基复合材料热响应的影响,基于边界层换热理论,研究了切向气流与靶面的对流换热系数和热分解气体对表面热交换的覆盖效应,并用有限差分法对激光辐照下树脂基复合材料的1维热响应模型进行数值求解。数值计算表明:高速切向气流的存在会加速靶材表面与外部环境的热交换,从而明显降低激光对靶材的加热效率;边界层换热理论给出的对流换热系数和覆盖因子是合理有效的,适用于数值模拟切向气流对激光辐照下树脂基复合材料热响应的影响;向靶材表面溢出的热分解气体对靶材表面与外部环境的热交换有一定的抑制作用,但影响较小,基本可以忽略不计。

小波分析在激光多普勒信号处理中的应用

提出将激光多普勒测速仪(LDV)应用于车载惯性导航系统中,阐述了激光多普勒自身速度仪的基本原理和小波变换的相关理论,并运用小波变换对多普勒信号进行检测、去噪及提取多普勒频率,仿真及实验结果表明:信号进行小波分解后,对每一级小波进行阈值处理,得到了较好的去噪效果;在小波降噪常见的阈值原则中,无偏似然估计阈值和极值阈值不容易丢失信号中的有用成分,而启发式阈值原则和固定阈值原则可以更有效地去除噪声;对于提取多普勒频率而言,小波变换与快速傅里叶变换所得的结果是一致的,而小波变换不但可以求出系统自身的运动速度,而且还可以求出对应速度发生的时刻。

波段外10.6 μm激光辐照下光导型HgCdTe探测器的电学响应

利用描述半导体内热载流子效应的1维能量平衡模型,对波段外10.6μm激光辐照下光导型HgCdTe探测器的电学响应进行了数值模拟。结果表明:在激光开始辐照和停止辐照瞬间,探测器电阻的快速变化是由载流子温度的迅速变化引起的;在激光辐照过程中以及激光停照后,探测器电阻的缓慢变化是由晶格温度的缓慢变化进而导致载流子温度发生缓慢变化所致。模拟结果与对实验曲线的定性分析得出的结论一致。

Hypothesis testing analysis and unknown parameter estimation of GPS signal detection

Hypothesis testing analysis and unknown parameter estimation of both the intermediate frequency(IF) and baseband GPS signal detection are given by using the generalized likelihood ratio test(GLRT) approach,applying the model of GPS signal in white Gaussian noise,It is proved that the test statistic follows central or noncentral F distribution,It is also pointed out that the test statistic is nearly identical to central or noncentral chi-squared distribution because the processing samples are large enough to be considered as infinite in GPS acquisition problem.It is also proved that the probability of false alarm,the probability of detection and the threshold are affected largely when the hypothesis testing refers to the full pseudorandom noise(PRN) code phase and Doppler frequency search space cells instead of each individual cell.The performance of the test statistic is also given with combining the noncoherent integration.

高电压闭合磁环小型脉冲变压器

研制了一种结构紧凑、电压升压倍数高达109倍的200 kV级脉冲变压器,以实现高压脉冲变压器的小型紧凑化。用电磁理论分析、电路模拟及实验测试3种方法对变压器的耦合、耐压和输出特性进行了研究,对重要参数进行了计算和设计。采用晶粒取向硅钢薄带作为变压器磁芯,且磁芯闭合,变压器的有效耦合系数高达0.95以上。高分子材料的绝缘套筒结构和分层交替的绕线方式,使得变压器在初级低压充电2.1kV时,次级可输出幅度为230 kV、半高全宽为3μs的高电压脉冲。模拟和实验结果验证了理论设计的合理性。

Investigation of Helical Pulse Forming Line

To investigate the feasibility for a helical line to be used as a pulse forming line （PFL）, the transmission characteristics of the helical transmission line is studied both theoretically and experimentally. The results indicate that it is feasible to employ a helical line as a long-pulse PFL, and the influence of its dispersion is negligible. Compared with a conventional coaxial PFL, the helical PFL with the same size can produce a longer pulse.

A modified phase diversity wavefront sensor with a diffraction grating

The phase diversity wavefront sensor is one of the tools used to estimate wavefront aberration, and it is often used as a wavefront sensor in adaptive optics systems. However, the performance of the traditional phase diversity wavefront sensor is limited by the accuracy and dynamic ranges of the intensity distribution at the focus and defocus positions of the CCD camera. In this paper, a modified phase diversity wavefront sensor based on a diffraction grating is proposed to improve the ability to measure the wavefront aberration with larger amplitude and higher spatial frequency. The basic principle and the optics construction of the proposed method are also described in detail. The noise propagation property of the proposed method is also analysed by using the numerical simulation method, and comparison between the diffraction grating phase diversity wavefront sensor and the traditional phase diversity wavefront sensor is also made. The simulation results show that the diffraction grating phase diversity wavefront sensor can obviously improve the ability to measure the wavefront aberration, especially the wavefront aberration with larger amplitude and higher spatial frequency.

S波段大间隙速调管放大器输出腔的3维模拟

利用3维高频软件设计了一种用于S波段大间隙速调管的膜片加载大间隙单重入输出腔,建立了带大耦合孔的输出腔3维全结构模型,采用3维PIC程序对输出腔的提取效果进行了粒子模拟。研究结果表明:膜片加载的大间隙单重入输出腔开大耦合孔后,其所有谐振频点的场分布都不再是TM011模式,因此,在设计此类输出腔时不能以工作频点是否谐振为优化目标。提出了大间隙输出腔设计原则,根据设计原则优化后的输出腔可稳定提取1.07 GW的平均功率,提取效率约35.7%。

Research on a Folded Blumlein Line Using Kapton Film as Dielectrics

In this project, a Blumlein line with a folded parallel-plates configuration using Kapton film as dielectrics was investigated. The characteristic parameters of this Blumlein line were analysed theoretically. The electric field distributions under different inner radii of the folded part were simulated. The output waveforms on the match load were also simulated by means of an equivalent electric circuit. According to the results of the theoretecal analysis and simulation, a Blumlein line with the folded parallel-plates configuration with an output voltage of 500 kV, a pulse duration of 100 ns, and a characteristic impedance of 4.773Ω was designed and manufactured. The experimental results properly demonstrated the wave transmitting process in the Blumlein line, and provided the voltage waveform of 500 kV and the current waveform of 50 kA with a pulse duration of 150 ns. Some engineering problems such as the edge electric breakdown and measuring precision by a resistance divider were revealed, which must be solved in future work to produce a more compact transmission line.

Multi-Wavelength Conversion Based on Single Wavelength Results in Phase Retardation Measurement

We introduce an instrument for single wavelength measurement of phase retardation based on the laser feedback phenomenon.A method of multi-wavelength conversion for this instrument is proposed and the conversion results are analyzed.System calibration is used to eliminate the conversion error.The experimental results show that the maximum error after conversion is 0.26°.Through the present work,the application of laser feedback instrument for single wavelength measurement of a wave plate is expanded to the multi-wavelength range.This will expand the application area of the instruments.

Design of 8-like Non-planar Cavity

For eliminating the negative effects of lock-in region and optical elements in cavity,the non-planar structure is strongly needed in laser gyro. In this paper,the theoretical formula of rotatory effect in non-planar cavity is presented deducing from basic light propagating law. Based on the 8-like plane cavity,a novel non-planar structure is designed and numerically calculated. The results show that for obtaining the required rotatory angle,it just needs to adjust the structural parameters of the original 8-like plane cavity. The four-frequency-differential laser gyro which adopts the non-planar 8-like structure has the same advantages as those with the planar 8-like structure,such as the gain region locates at one leg,the position of Faraday rotator has better spatial symmetry and the coating films of the output mirror is easily designed.

强流电子加速器中气体开关与真空二极管的光学特性

利用光纤传感器与光电二极管相结合的方法,对强流电子加速器中气体火花开关以及真空二极管的发光特性进行了研究,对影响光电二极管测量的因素进行了理论计算与模拟研究。在气体开关导通电压1.7 MV,二极管电压1.07 MV,电流18 kA时,进行了多次实验,得到了发光特性与击穿电压、电流的关系。同时,对利用光学检测方法测量主开关或真空二极管电压、电流大小得可行性进行了分析。

光纤激光器阵列的多抖动法相干合成

采用自行设计的基于大规模可编程门阵列(FPGA)结构的控制电路,实现了4路光纤激光的多抖动法相干合成。对大气湍流和机械振动引起的相位噪声进行了有效补偿,使远场光斑条纹对比度由开环时的0.21提高到了闭环时的0.93,闭环时远场特定孔径内的能量较开环时提高了3.3倍。该方法还对人为抖动光纤引起的较高频率噪声具有很好的抑制作用,系统闭环后,远场光斑条纹对比度可达到0.72。

Multi-wavelength laser active coherent combination

A seed laser oscillating at different frequencies is proved to have the potential to mitigate the stimulated Brillouin scattering（SBS） effect in a fiber amplifier,which may increase the emission power of a coherent beam combination（CBC） system greatly.In this study,a basic mathematical model describing the multi-wavelength CBC is proposed on the fundamentals of CBC.A useful method for estimating the combination effect and analysing the feasibility and the validity of the multi-wavelength coherent combination is provided.In the numerical analysis,accordant results with four-wavelength four-channel CBC experiments are obtained.Through calculations of some examples with certain spectra,the unanticipated excellent combination effect with a few frequencies involved is explained,and the dependence of the combination effect on the variance of the amplifier chain length and the channel number is clarified.

Wavelength Red-Shift of Long Wavelength InGaN/GaN Multi-Quantum Well by Using an InGaN Underlying Layer

Long-wavelength Ga2N based light-emitting diodes are of importance in full color displays, monofithic white lightemitting diodes and solid-state lighting, etc. However, their epitaxial growth faces great challenges because high indium （In） compositions of lnGaN are difficult to grow. In order to enhance In incorporation and lengthen the emission wavelength of a InGaN/GaN multi-quantum well （MQW）, we insert an InGaN underlying layer underneath the MQW. InGaN/GaN MQWs with various InGaN underlying layers, such as graded InyGal-yN material with linearly increasing In content, or InyGa1-yN with fixed In content but different thicknesses, are grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Experimental results demonstrate the enhancement of In incorporation and the emission wavelength redshift by the insertion of an InGaN underlying layer.

Tunable terahertz plasmon in grating-gate coupled graphene with a resonant cavity

Plasmon modes in graphene can be tuned into resonance with an incident terahertz electromagnetic wave in the range of 1–4 THz by setting a proper gate voltage. By using the finite-difference-time-domain（FDTD） method, we simulate a graphene plasmon device comprising a single-layer graphene, a metallic grating, and a terahertz cavity. The simulations suggest that the terahertz electric field can be enhanced by several times due to the grating–cavity configuration. Due to this near-field enhancement, the maximal absorption of the incident terahertz wave reaches up to about 45%.

Effect of stimulated Brillouin scattering on the gain saturation of distributed fiber Raman amplifier and its suppression by phase modulation

For distributed fiber Raman amplifiers（DFRAs）, stimulated Brillouin scattering（SBS） can deplete the pump once occurring and consequently generate gain saturation. On the basis of such a theory, theoretical gain saturation powers in DFRAs with various pump schemes are obtained by calculating SBS thresholds in them, and the experimental results show that they are in excellent agreement with the calculation results. The saturation power of the DFRA with a 300 m W forward pump is as low as 0 d Bm, which needs to be enhanced by phase modulation, and the effect is quantitatively studied. A simple model taking both modulation frequency and index into consideration is presented by introducing a correction factor to evaluate the effect of phase modulation on the enhancement of saturation power. Experimentally, it is shown that such a correction factor decreases as the modulation frequency increases and approaches zero when the modulation frequency becomes high enough. In particular, a phase modulation with a modulation frequency of 100 MHz and a modulation index of 1.380 can enhance the saturation power by 4.44 d B, and the correction factor is 0.25 d B, in which the modulation frequency is high enough. Additionally, the factor is 1.767 d B for the modulation frequency of 25 MHz. On this basis,phase modulations with various indexes and a fixed frequency of 25 MHz are adopted to verify the modified model, and the results are positive. To obtain the highest gain saturation power, the model is referable. The research results provide a guide for the design of practical DFRAs.

122-W high-power single-frequency MOPA fiber laser in all-fiber format

We demonstrate a high-power single-frequency master oscillator power amplifier （MOPA） fiber laser.The central wavelength of the single-frequency fiber laser seed is 1 063.8 nm,with a linewidth narrower than 20 kHz and output power of 120 mW.By using two-stage amplification,a single-frequency fiber laser with an output power of 122 W is obtained,and the optical-optical conversion efficiency is 72%.No significant amplified spontaneous emission （ASE） or stimulated Brillouin scattering （SBS） is observed.The output power can be further increased by launching more pump power.

Power scaling on tellurite glass Raman fibre lasers for mid-infrared applications

The power scaling on mid-infrared Raman fibre lasers(RFLs) is in demand for applications in health, environment and security. In this paper, we present the simulated laser behaviours of the tellurite glass RFLs pumped by 300-W Tm-doped fibre lasers(TDFLs) at 2 μm for the first time. By combining the advantages of the TDFLs and tellurite fibre, the output power at 2.35 μm has reached over hundreds of watts by first-order Raman shift. Moreover, the cascaded RFLs have been demonstrated with a wavelength extension greater than 3 μm and output power of tens of watts. To maximize the output power and the slope efficiency of the RFLs, we further analyse the interaction between the Raman gain and cavity loss, which are determined by fibre length and output reflectance of the laser cavity.