不同采收时期对当归产量和质量的影响

【目的】探寻有机肥栽培条件下采挖时期对当归(Angelica sinensis)成药性能的影响,确定岷归的最佳采收期。【方法】以岷县纯有机肥栽培的二年生成药期当归作为研究对象,在2020年10月18日开始,每隔6~7 d分期采挖当归,共采挖3次(18日:FB;24日:FD;31日,FA),测定药材根的产量、发病程度、外观质量和主要成分。【结果】10月24日采收的药材根外观质量最佳,且鲜药材商品等级大部分属于二等与三等,极少部分处于四五等,均优于其他采收时期;10月24日采收的药材的发病率最低,为16.7%,综合因子评价指数排序为FD>FB>FA。【结论】在岷县道地产区合理的采收期采收对当归药材具有显著增效作用,可有效降低根病率和发病程度,改善药材性状,提高经济效益,在当归标准化栽培中可推荐推广应用。最佳采收期较短,在霜降前后3 d进行采收最为适宜。

中国生物医药产业发展水平综合评价及空间差异分析

采用聚类分析法和空间自相关分析法,考量中国生物医药产业发展水平综合评价及空间差异. 结果显示：中国生物医药产业发展水平差异显著,分布极不平衡,东部沿海省份生物医药产业发展水平较高, 中部省份次之,大部分西部省份发展水平较低.中国生物医药产业发展水平呈现显著的空间正相关关系,呈 现出明显的同类集聚现象.

金融产业集聚与经济增长质量的关系探讨

基于中国30个省域1997-2017年金融产业及经济发展数据,构建经济增长质量评价指标体系,对各省域的金融产业集聚度和经济增长质量及其各维度指数进行测算;运用面板向量自回归模型、脉冲响应函数及方差分解实证检验金融产业集聚与经济增长质量及其各维度的动态关系。结果表明:1)中国各省域经济增长质量综合指数不断提升,并呈现由上海单极向全国多极化发展的空间格局;金融产业集聚度始终呈现北京、山西、上海、宁夏、重庆、青海和新疆等多极点发展的空间格局,且趋向于在各个地区形成多个金融集聚中心。2)金融产业集聚对经济增长质量具有显著的促进作用,其中金融产业集聚度显著提升经济增长结构性、效率和分享性,但对成本性和稳定性有负向影响;金融产业集聚对经济增长质量及各维度变动的贡献度存在长短期差异。最后,围绕发挥金融产业集聚优势作用等方面提出政策建议。

改良AAO工艺间歇曝气对微生物群落特征及运行效果影响

为保证出水水质稳定达标及达到降低能耗的目的,原采用连续曝气方式的某污水处理厂改良AAO工艺改为间歇曝气方式运行。在连续曝气和间歇曝气方式下,处理工艺均能对污染物进行有效去除。从连续曝气调整为间歇曝气后,活性污泥微生物群落的α-多样性无明显变化,同时,间歇曝气条件下的缺氧池和好氧池内微生物群落结构更加相似。间歇曝气策略能够显著增加生化段硝化细菌和反硝化细菌的相对丰度。调整为间歇曝气后,污水处理厂单位水量处理水电耗节省了18.3%。

Stenian A-type granitoids in the Namaqua-Natal Belt,southern Africa,Maud Belt,Antarctica and Nampula Terrane,Mozambique:Rodinia and Gondwana amalgamation implications

We carried out SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating on A-type granitic intrusions from the Namaqua-Natal Province,South Africa,Sverdrupfjella,western Dronning Maud Land,Antarctica and the Nampula Province of northern Mozambique.Zircon grains in these granitic rocks are typically elongated and oscillatory zoned,suggesting magmatic origins.Zircons from the granitoid intrusions analyzed in this study suggest^1025-1100 Ma ages,which confirm widespread Mesoproterozoic A-type granitic magmatism in the Namaqua-Natal(South Africa),Maud(Antarctica)and Mozambique metamorphic terrains.No older inherited(e.g.,~2500 Ma Achean basement or^1200 Ma island are magmatism in northern Natal)zircon grains were seen.Four plutons from the Natal Belt(Mvoti Pluton,Glendale Pluton,Kwalembe Pluton,Ntimbankulu Pluton)display 1050-1040 Ma ages,whereas the Nthlimbitwa Pluton in northern Natal indicates older 1090-1080 Ma ages.A sample from Sverdrupfjella,Antarctica has^1091 Ma old zircons along with^530 Ma metamorphic rims.Similarly,four samples analysed from the Nampula Province of Mozambique suggest crystallization ages of^1060-1090 Ma but also show significant discordance with two samples showing younger^550 Ma overgrowths.None of the Natal samples show any younger overgrowths.A single sample from southwestern Namaqualand yielded an age of^1033 Ma.Currently available chronological data suggest magmatism took place in the Namaqua-Natal-MaudMozambique(NNMM)belt between^1025 Ma and^1100 Ma with two broad phases between^1060-1020 Ma and 1100-1070 Ma respectively,with peaks at between^1030-1040 Ma and^1070-1090 Ma.The age data from the granitic intrusions from Namaqualand.combined with those from Natal,Antarctica and Mozambique suggest a crude spatial-age relationship with the older>1070 Ma ages being largely restricted close to the eastern and western margins of the Kalahari Craton in northern Natal,Mozambique.Namaqualand and WDML Antarctica whereas the younger<1060 Ma ages dominate in southern Natal and western Namaqualand and are largely restricted to the southern and possibly the western margins of the Kalahari Craton.The older ages of magmatism partially overlap with or are marginally younger than the intracratonic Mkondo Large lgneous Provinee intruded into or extruded onto the Kalahari Craton,suggesting a tectonic relationship with the Maud Belt.Similar ages from granitic augen gneisses in Sri Lanka suggest a continuous belt stretching from Namaqualand to Sri Lanka in a reconstituted Gondwana,formed during the terminal stages of amalgamation of Rodinia and predating the East African Orogen.This contiguity contributes to defining the extent of Rodinia-age crustal blocks,subsequently fragmented by the dispersal of Rodinia and Gondwana.

Risk Factors and Outcome of Overt Stroke in Sickle Cell Patients Admitted in Two Reference Hospitals in Yaounde and Douala

Background: Worldwide, the prevalence of sickle cell disease (SCD) as of 2016 was estimated at 2%;that is 300,000 births annually. This study was focused on homozygous sickle cell disease which leads to several complications notably hemolytic crises, aplastic crises and vaso-occlusive crises like stroke. Sickle cell disease is the most common cause of childhood stroke. Stroke occurs in 17% - 24% of sickle cell children worldwide. Objectives: To determine the risk factors for overt stroke and outcome at discharge in sickle cell disease patients admitted in two reference hospitals in Cameroon. Method: This was a case-control study in two reference hospitals in Yaounde and Douala, carried out over the duration of 4 months, covering a 5-year period (December 2013 to December 2018). Included in the study, were all homozygous sickle cell children aged 6 months to 16 years during that period with or without stroke. A total of 1734 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Out of these, 49 stroke patients participated and 687 were selected as controls. Data was collected from the patients’ files and books on a pretested data collection form, then entered in the software C.S Pro 7.1 before analysis. Stroke outcome at discharge was assessed using the modified Rankin scale (mRs) with structured interview. A patient was classified as good outcome if mRs < 3 and poor outcome if mRs ≥ 3. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS software version 22.0 for Windows. Results: A total of 736 patients participated in the study. Out of these, 391 (53.1%) were males and 345 (46.9%) were females. Overt stroke was found to have an estimated hospital prevalence of 3.29% in this population. Several risk and associated factors were identified such as frequent rate of acute chest syndrome (p < 0.001), acute chest syndrome in the past 2 weeks (p = 0.001), low steady state haemoglobin (p < 0.001) and previous stroke (p = 0.002). A poor outcome was observed in 16 (32.7%) of them. Conclusion: The occurrence of stroke in this population is 3.29% and several factors were associated with its occurrence.

Management of Two Cases of Spina Bifida and Neonatal Genital Prolapse at the University Hospital of Parakou and Review of the Literature

Spina bifida, or spinal dysraphism, is a malformative pathology related to an anomaly in the development of the nervous system, occurring during embryogenesis. The neural tube does not close properly around the 28th day of life and affects the development of the spinal column and spinal cord. Spina bifida is characterised by damage to the nervous system and will generate handicaps and damage of varying degrees: neurological motor, sensory, cognitive, genito-phincter (bladder and anorectal) deficits with consequences for the quality of life of these people. The literature describes the association between spinal dysraphism and genital prolapse. However, genital prolapse is an exceptional and rare entity in newborns. We report the observations of two newborns: the first case of a newborn born at term, at 7 days of age, who presented a prolapse of the uterine cervix in association with myelomeningocele, without any neuromuscular repercussions, and the second case of a newborn at 10 days of age, presenting with a lumbosacral spina bifida and a uterine prolapse. They benefited from conservative medical treatment characterised by manual reduction of the prolapse in both cases with a favourable evolution. In the case of spina bifida, a cure of myelomeningocele was performed surgically with simple postoperative course.

HIV-1 Viral Load and CD4 Assessment in HIV-1 Infected Pregnant Women Supported as Part of PMTCT in N’Djamena, Chad

In Sub-Saharan Africa, HIV affects lots of women of childbearing age;without prevention they can transmit the virus to their child. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the center of Psycho Medico-Social Support (APMS) in N’Djamena, Chad from January 2014 to March 2015. Our sampling concerned HIV-1 infected pregnant women followed up for PMTCT and their newborn. CD4+ lymphocytes and HIV-1 viral load were tested respectively with PIMATM and Abbott m2000 Real Time in mothers. Early infant diagnosis of HIV-1 was done in Children using PCR tool (Abbott m2000 Real Time). Pregnant women included in the study had a median age of 25 years (IQR, 22 - 30 years). Most of them (75.6%) (34/45), were under combination ART (TDF + 3TC or FTC + EFV). The median duration on ART was 4 month (IQR [3 - 5 months]). Nevirapine syrup was administrated to newborns as prophylaxis at least for the first six weeks of life until EID was done. At ART initiation, mothers’ LTCD4+ median was 249 cells/mm3 (IQR: 95 - 674 cells/mm3). After a median duration of 4 months on ART, LTCD4+ median was 530 cells/mm3 (IQR [263 - 1220 cells/mm3]). Viral load assessment in mothers showed that 15.5% (7/45) were undetectable, 75.6% (34/45) were detectable with a VL < 3log copies/ml and 8.8% (4/45) at virologic failure (VL > 3log copies/ ml). Four (11.4%) of 35 children included were tested positive at EID for HIV-1. Antiretroviral treatment management in pregnant women can improve their health and reduce the risk of MTCT. Availability of virologic monitoring in routine is essential for pregnant women in resources limited setting for preventing HIV transmission to their new-born and keep them alive.

高效合金烘烤炉设备改造及系统优化实践

介绍了河钢承钢合金烘烤炉设备改造及系统优化过程。通过对合金烘烤炉燃烧室用耐火砖及点火方式的设计和改造,以及合金烘烤过程温度及煤气控制系统的优化,解决了燃烧室耐材寿命短、人工点火危险性高、煤气泄露和炉内温度波动大等问题,实现了高效快速合金烘烤,降低了转炉出钢温度,提高了合金料烘烤质量及钢铁产品质量。

基于底摩擦试验的缓倾边坡滑移拉裂破坏过程研究

顺层边坡一旦失稳,具有规模大、危害性强的特点。针对缓倾顺层边坡滑移—拉裂型破坏,采用底摩擦物理模型试验,结合PIV粒子成像技术以及MATLAB后处理方法,分析了缓倾顺层边坡滑移—拉裂型破坏过程中的宏微观特征。研究结果表明:PIV和MATLAB的后处理所得结果与宏观观察结果相吻合,计算结果能够反映出不同边坡结构下的位移矢量特征,并对变形特征进行分区;滑移—拉裂式破坏过程分为三个阶段,裂缝产生阶段、裂缝扩展阶段和破坏阶段。裂缝产生阶段边坡后缘首先产生竖向张拉裂隙,裂缝扩展阶段裂缝向深部扩展,破坏阶段边坡上部岩体沿层面中的软弱结构面滑动。对缓倾边坡滑移拉裂破坏过程的研究成果,能够为类似边坡的滑动机制分析提供一定参考。

CeO_(2)含量对CaO-Al_(2)O_(3)精炼渣熔化性能的影响

精炼渣中加入稀土氧化物,具有吸附Al_(2)O_(3)夹杂物、提高精炼工艺的脱氧率和减小夹杂物尺寸的作用,但是CeO_(2)含量对炉渣熔化性能的影响机制仍不明确。采用XRD和扫描电镜等分析测试手段对CaO-Al_(2)O_(3)-CeO_(2)炉渣微观结构进行了表征,随着炉渣中Ce O_(2)含量增高,12CaO·7Al_(2)O_(3),CaO·Al_(2)O_(3)以及3Ca O·Al_(2)O_(3)含量减少,2CaO·Ce_(2)O_(3)·Al_(2)O_(3)含量增加。采用热分析仪对炉渣熔化温度进行了测量,发现随着CeO_(2)含量的增加,炉渣熔化温度先下降后增加,吸热峰面积呈现整体减小趋势,由200.65 J·g^(-1)下降到57.36 J·g^(-1),表明炉渣的低熔点矿相结构比例生成趋势降低,生成量减少。采用质量作用浓度模型,研究炉渣中加入CeO_(2)后组元活度的变化规律;结果表明:随着CeO_(2)加入量的增加,CaO活度先增加后减少,Al_(2)O_(3)和铝酸钙类化合物(xCaO·y Al_(2)O_(3))的活度逐渐减少,Ce_(y)O_(x)和稀土复合化合物(xCaO·yCe_(2)O_(3)·z Al_(2)O_(3))活度逐渐增加。采用BP神经网络建立炉渣成分活度与熔化温度之间的回归模型,采用组元活度预测炉渣的熔化温度,模型拟合精度较高,并以MIV算法为基础,评价了各组元对熔化温度的累计贡献率,为炉渣的优化提供了理论基础。