The present study was conducted to determine the effect of spacing on the growth, biomass production and wood quality of leucaena in order to be used as a fuel crop. Leucaena was grown in a field experiment at the Suw...The present study was conducted to determine the effect of spacing on the growth, biomass production and wood quality of leucaena in order to be used as a fuel crop. Leucaena was grown in a field experiment at the Suwanvajokkasikit Research Station, Pak Chong,Nakhon Ratchasima,Thailandin 2006-2010. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The treatment consisted of six spacings (1 × 0.25, 1 × 0.5, 1 × 1, 1 × 1.5, 2 × 0.5 and 2 × 1 m). The results showed that spacing had a significant effect on plant height, diameter at breast height, the number of coppice stumps and biomass yield. Wider spacings resulted in greater plant height. The widest spacing (2 × 1 m) exhibited the higher stem diameter and sprout number than the narrow spacing. The narrowest spacing of 1 × 0.25 m spacing produced the highest total dry weight of leaf, woody stem and biomass yield. The spacing did not have an influence on the heating value and the content of H, N, S, Mg, Cl and ash. However, some of the chemical compositions show significant different with different spacings such as C, O, P, K and Ca content.展开更多
Eight cultivars of napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.), namely Dwarf, Muaklek, Bana, Taiwan A148, Common, Wruk wona, Tifton and Kampheng San, were grown in central Thailand in 2008-2009 and biomass yield, che...Eight cultivars of napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.), namely Dwarf, Muaklek, Bana, Taiwan A148, Common, Wruk wona, Tifton and Kampheng San, were grown in central Thailand in 2008-2009 and biomass yield, chemical composition and theoretical ethanol yield were measured. Harvests were made every 3 months. Biomass yield and cell wall compositions differed significantly (P 0.05) among cultivars. Tifton produced the highest annual biomass yield at 58.3 t/ha followed by Wruk wona (52.1 t/ha), while the lowest yield of 27.1 t/ha was in Dwarf. Biomass yield varied with season with highest yields in May and lowest in February during the dry season. Cell wall concentrations were higher in the tall cultivars than in the short ones (Dwarf and Muaklek) (P 0.05). Theoretical ethanol conversion efficiency ranged from 350 to 460 L/t DM among the cultivars following pretreatment with steam explosion. While a number of cultivars showed significant potential for use as biofuels in central Thailand, Tifton seemed to be the most promising.展开更多
The aim of this work was to separate 1,3-PDO from a synthetic mixture using polymeric resins,Amberlite XAD-7 and XAD-16 resins.The equilibrium adsorption of 1,3-PDO onto two polymeric resins were investigated in binar...The aim of this work was to separate 1,3-PDO from a synthetic mixture using polymeric resins,Amberlite XAD-7 and XAD-16 resins.The equilibrium adsorption of 1,3-PDO onto two polymeric resins were investigated in binary and tertiary systems.Experimental results of binary component adsorption equilibrium indicated that the adsorption capacity(q)of 1,3-PDO at 160 g/L onto XAD-7 and XAD-16 was 835.96 and 584.61 mg 1,3-PDO/g dry resin,respectively.The adsorption isotherms were closely predicted by the Langmuir-Freundlich model among the two isotherm model tested.The value of n of 1,3-PDO adsorbed on XAD-7 are much higher than those on XAD-16.This result suggested that XAD-7 resin has a higher affinity for the 1,3-PDO adsorption than XAD-16 resin.Moreover,the value of adsorption capacity of 1,3-PDO in the binary and tertiary component were compared at the same conditions.In the tertiary system,although the selectivity of 1,3-PDO from XAD-7 was approximately six times higher than XAD-16,the adsorption capacity of 1,3-PDO at 160 g/L onto XAD-16 was higher than XAD-7.Interestingly,the reusability of XAD-7 and XAD-16 resins in the three cycle times shows a slight loss of adsorption capacity.Furthermore,the investigation about desorption by an ethanol/water mixture at 50%(V/V)indicated that the desorption yield of 1,3-PDO from XAD-7 was lower than XAD-16 resin for both the binary and tertiary component.This was due to the more favorable adsorption characteristics of XAD-7 resin than XAD-16 resin.展开更多
文摘The present study was conducted to determine the effect of spacing on the growth, biomass production and wood quality of leucaena in order to be used as a fuel crop. Leucaena was grown in a field experiment at the Suwanvajokkasikit Research Station, Pak Chong,Nakhon Ratchasima,Thailandin 2006-2010. The experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. The treatment consisted of six spacings (1 × 0.25, 1 × 0.5, 1 × 1, 1 × 1.5, 2 × 0.5 and 2 × 1 m). The results showed that spacing had a significant effect on plant height, diameter at breast height, the number of coppice stumps and biomass yield. Wider spacings resulted in greater plant height. The widest spacing (2 × 1 m) exhibited the higher stem diameter and sprout number than the narrow spacing. The narrowest spacing of 1 × 0.25 m spacing produced the highest total dry weight of leaf, woody stem and biomass yield. The spacing did not have an influence on the heating value and the content of H, N, S, Mg, Cl and ash. However, some of the chemical compositions show significant different with different spacings such as C, O, P, K and Ca content.
文摘Eight cultivars of napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.), namely Dwarf, Muaklek, Bana, Taiwan A148, Common, Wruk wona, Tifton and Kampheng San, were grown in central Thailand in 2008-2009 and biomass yield, chemical composition and theoretical ethanol yield were measured. Harvests were made every 3 months. Biomass yield and cell wall compositions differed significantly (P 0.05) among cultivars. Tifton produced the highest annual biomass yield at 58.3 t/ha followed by Wruk wona (52.1 t/ha), while the lowest yield of 27.1 t/ha was in Dwarf. Biomass yield varied with season with highest yields in May and lowest in February during the dry season. Cell wall concentrations were higher in the tall cultivars than in the short ones (Dwarf and Muaklek) (P 0.05). Theoretical ethanol conversion efficiency ranged from 350 to 460 L/t DM among the cultivars following pretreatment with steam explosion. While a number of cultivars showed significant potential for use as biofuels in central Thailand, Tifton seemed to be the most promising.
文摘The aim of this work was to separate 1,3-PDO from a synthetic mixture using polymeric resins,Amberlite XAD-7 and XAD-16 resins.The equilibrium adsorption of 1,3-PDO onto two polymeric resins were investigated in binary and tertiary systems.Experimental results of binary component adsorption equilibrium indicated that the adsorption capacity(q)of 1,3-PDO at 160 g/L onto XAD-7 and XAD-16 was 835.96 and 584.61 mg 1,3-PDO/g dry resin,respectively.The adsorption isotherms were closely predicted by the Langmuir-Freundlich model among the two isotherm model tested.The value of n of 1,3-PDO adsorbed on XAD-7 are much higher than those on XAD-16.This result suggested that XAD-7 resin has a higher affinity for the 1,3-PDO adsorption than XAD-16 resin.Moreover,the value of adsorption capacity of 1,3-PDO in the binary and tertiary component were compared at the same conditions.In the tertiary system,although the selectivity of 1,3-PDO from XAD-7 was approximately six times higher than XAD-16,the adsorption capacity of 1,3-PDO at 160 g/L onto XAD-16 was higher than XAD-7.Interestingly,the reusability of XAD-7 and XAD-16 resins in the three cycle times shows a slight loss of adsorption capacity.Furthermore,the investigation about desorption by an ethanol/water mixture at 50%(V/V)indicated that the desorption yield of 1,3-PDO from XAD-7 was lower than XAD-16 resin for both the binary and tertiary component.This was due to the more favorable adsorption characteristics of XAD-7 resin than XAD-16 resin.
