Using Vibraimage Technology to Analyze the Psychophysiological State of a Person during Opposite Stimuli Presentation

The vibraimage technology is applied to evaluate the multiple intelligences by presenting the line-opposite stimuli. The analysis of testing results of 161 and 91 first-year students from two technical universities, St. Petersburg, Russia, is presented. A new method has been introduced for the assessment of the level of introversion and extraversion of a person being tested. Various equations for calculating the psychophysiological state have been studied and common patterns of the psychophysiological responses to the stimuli were revealed. The experiments showed a prevailing negative correlation between the parameters of a person’s energy consumption and information exchange detected by the vibraimage technology. The article discusses the possibility of extending the obtained results to other psychophysiological tests.

Development of thermophysical calculator for stainless steel casting alloys by using CALPHAD approach

The calculation of thermophysical properties of stainless steel castings and its application to casting simulation is discussed. It is considered that accurate thermophysical properties of the casting alloys are necessary for the valid simulation of the casting processes. Although previous thermophysical calculation software requires a specific knowledge of thermodynamics, the calculation method proposed in the present study does not require any special knowledge of thermodynamics, but only the information of compositions of the alloy. The proposed calculator is based on the CALPHAD approach for modeling of multi-component alloys, especially in stainless steels. The calculator proposed in the present study can calculate thermophysical properties of eight-component systems on an iron base alloy(Fe-C-Si-Cr-Mn-Ni-Cu-Mo), and several Korean standard stainless steel alloys were calculated and discussed. The calculator can evaluate the thermophysical properties of the alloys such as density, heat capacity, enthalpy, latent heat, etc, based on full Gibbs energy for each phase. It is expected the proposed method can help casting experts to devise the casting design and its process easily in the field of not only stainless steels but also other alloy systems such as aluminum, copper, zinc, etc.

Laboratory investigations of the thermal strain of frozen soils,using fiber-optic strain gauges based on Bragg gratings

Measurements of the thermal deformations of frozen soil samples were performed in the cold laboratory in temperature range from 0°C to-12°C.Fiber Bragg Gratings strain and temperature sensors were used to measure the deformation and temperature inside the samples.A number of tests with the samples prepared from Kaolin and Cambrian clay saturated with fresh water,and prepared from fine and silt sand saturated with fresh or saline water,are performed.Thermal deformations of the samples are analyzed depending on the cyclic changes of their temperature.

Author Correction: ITO-free silicon-integrated perovskite electrochemical cell for light-emission and light-detection

Correction to:Opto-Electronic Advances https://doi.org/10.29026/oea.2023.220154 published online 26 April 2023 After the publication of this article1,it was brought to our attention that calculations of the PeLEC device elec-troluminescent(EL)efficiency contained a mistake,leading to an inaccurate quantity value.The device’s maxim-um EL efficiency constitutes not‘~120 klm/W’but‘4.3 lm/W’instead.Correction details are listed below.

Machine Learning Application for Prediction of Sapphire Crystals Defects

We investigate the impact of different numbers of positive and negative examples on machine learning for sapphire crystals defects prediction. We obtain the models of crystal growth parameters influence on the sapphire crystal growth. For example, these models allow predicting the defects that occur due to local overcooling of crucible walls in the thermal node leading to the accelerated crystal growth. We also develop the prediction models for obtaining the crystal weight, blocks, cracks, bubbles formation, and total defect characteristics. The models were trained on all data sets and later tested for generalization on testing sets, which did not overlap the training set.During training and testing, we find the recall and precision of prediction, and analyze the correlation among the features. The results have shown that the precision of the neural network method for predicting defects formed by local overcooling of the crucible reached 0.94.

Eco-innovative development of industrial ecosystems based on the quintuple helix

This article explores how eco-innovation practices are integrated into different industrial ecosystems in different national and regional contexts,and the role of the quintuple helix model in this integration.The research examines the collaborative interaction of academia,industry,government,civil society,and the natural environment in fostering an integrated eco-innovation ecosystem.The findings underscore the central role of the Quintuple Helix framework in effectively managing eco-innovation,suggesting a comprehensive approach that integrates environmental and societal concerns into a dynamic system for sustainable progress.The study shows that an ecosystem-based approach,underpinned by the quintuple helix,facilitates the rapid exchange of knowledge and resources essential to overcoming eco-innovation challenges,such as high R&D expenditures and the complex integration of sustainable technologies.The quintuple helix model emerges as a strategic imperative for concerted action to achieve eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness.The study employs an innovative methodological framework based on Quintuple Helix projections using the Eco-Innovation Index(Eco-IS)and highlights significant trends in the roles of academia,industry,government,civil society,and the natural environment in ecoinnovation,with a particular focus on their contributions to eco-innovation leaders,average performers,and catching-up groups.The article describes the different roles and interdependencies of the actors within the ecosystem and urges a coherent,networked strategy for managing eco-innovation,which is crucial for sustainable and responsible growth.Acknowledging the issue of externalities that complicate eco-innovation management,the article posits that the quintuple helix framework can better address these challenges by enabling shared R&D investments and broad diffusion of innovations.This research contributes to the discourse on sustainable industrial development by proposing the quintuple helix as a transformative model for improving eco-innovation performance and fostering a culture of sustainability.

BER Performance of Finite in Time Optimal FTN Signals for the Viterbi Algorithm

In this article, we consider the faster than Nyquist(FTN) technology in aspects of the application of the Viterbi algorithm(VA). Finite in time optimal FTN signals are used to provide a symbol rate higher than the "Nyquist barrier" without any encoding. These signals are obtained as the solutions of the corresponding optimization problem. Optimal signals are characterized by intersymbol interference(ISI). This fact leads to significant bit error rate(BER) performance degradation for "classical" forms of signals. However, ISI can be controlled by the restriction of the optimization problem. So we can use optimal signals in conditions of increased duration and an increased symbol rate without significant energy losses. The additional symbol rate increase leads to the increase of the reception algorithm complexity. We consider the application of VA for optimal FTN signals reception. The application of VA for receiving optimal FTN signals with increased duration provides close to the potential performance of BER,while the symbol rate is twice above the Nyquist limit.

Image Processing of Biological Liquids Films for Medical Diagnostics

In this paper, the development of smart medical autonomous technology is considered. An example of a smart medical autonomous distributed system for diagnostics is also discussed. To develop this system for medical image analysis we review several processing methods. The use of the cuneiform dehydration method for medical diagnosis is considered. The experimental results obtained for blood serum dehydrated films are presented. The author proposes an algorithm for the primary identification of structures formed in the films and their use for automated detection of various structures for diagnostic purposes. The paper describes the first stage of image processing, i.e. the selection of filtering types for the correct identification of structural features and characteristics of the images. The results of filtering and some computational results of various types of structures in the films are presented.

The Effect of Greenhouse Ozone on Human

The article compares the IR absorption spectra of the gases of the Earth’s atmosphere with frequencies, close to the frequency of the maximum of thermal radiation of human. It is shown that such a gas is ozone. Being in the transparency window of the atmosphere, it emits absorbed thermal radiation from the Earth. This radiation, in turn, gets to maximum heat absorption (radiation) of a human, and being with it in resonance, fuels him with energy. In larger cities this nourishment is weakened because of the smog due to the strong scattering of Earth radiation and ozone. Thus, the “greenhouse ozone” as a natural source of infrared radiation has beneficial effect on human.

ITO-free silicon-integrated perovskite electrochemical cell for light-emission and light-detection

Halide perovskite light-emitting electrochemical cells are a novel type of the perovskite optoelectronic devices that differs from the perovskite light-emitting diodes by a simple monolayered architecture.Here,we develop a perovskite electrochemical cell both for light emission and detection,where the active layer consists of a composite material made of halide perovskite microcrystals,polymer support matrix,and added mobile ions.The perovskite electrochemical cell of CsPbBr3:PEO:LiTFSI composition,emitting light at the wavelength of 523 nm,yields the luminance more than 7000 cd/m2 and electroluminescence efficiency of 4.3 lm/W.The device fabricated on a silicon substrate with transparent single-walled carbon nanotube film as a top contact exhibits 40%lower Joule heating compared to the perovskite optoelectronic devices fabricated on conventional ITO/glass substrates.Moreover,the device operates as a photodetector with a sensitivity up to 0.75 A/W,specific detectivity of 8.56×1011 Jones,and linear dynamic range of 48 dB.The technological potential of such a device is proven by demonstration of 24-pixel indicator display as well as by successful device miniaturization by creation of electroluminescent images with the smallest features less than 50μm.

First results of turbulence investigation on Globus-M2 using radial correlation Doppler reflectometry

The first results of investigation of the turbulence structure using Doppler backscattering(DBS)on the Globus-M2 tokamak are presented.A one-channel DBS system with a variable probing frequency within the 18–26 GHz range was installed to investigate the edge plasma at normalized minor radiiρ=0.9–1.1.Radial correlation Doppler reflectometry was used to study the changes in turbulence eddies after the LH transition.Correlation analysis was applied to the phase derivative of complex in-phase and quadrature(IQ)signals of the DBS diagnostic as it contains information about the poloidal plasma rotation velocity.In L-mode,the radial correlation length L_(r)is estimated to be 3 cm and after transition to H-mode reduces to approximately 2 cm.Gyrokinetic modelling in a linear local approximation using code GENE indicates that the instability with positive growth rate at the normalized minor radiusρ=0.75 in L-mode and H-mode on Globus-M2 was the ion temperature gradient(ITG)mode.

Multi-agent reinforcement learning for edge information sharing in vehicular networks

To guarantee the heterogeneous delay requirements of the diverse vehicular services,it is necessary to design a full cooperative policy for both Vehicle to Infrastructure(V2I)and Vehicle to Vehicle(V2V)links.This paper investigates the reduction of the delay in edge information sharing for V2V links while satisfying the delay requirements of the V2I links.Specifically,a mean delay minimization problem and a maximum individual delay minimization problem are formulated to improve the global network performance and ensure the fairness of a single user,respectively.A multi-agent reinforcement learning framework is designed to solve these two problems,where a new reward function is proposed to evaluate the utilities of the two optimization objectives in a unified framework.Thereafter,a proximal policy optimization approach is proposed to enable each V2V user to learn its policy using the shared global network reward.The effectiveness of the proposed approach is finally validated by comparing the obtained results with those of the other baseline approaches through extensive simulation experiments.

Utilization of Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometers with Spectral Interferometric Interrogation for Microdisplacement Measurement

The paper presents a number of signal processing approaches for the spectral interferometric interrogation of extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometers(EFPIs). The analysis of attainable microdisplacement resolution is performed and the analytical equations describing the dependence of resolution on parameters of the interrogation setup are derived. The efficiency of the proposed signal processing approaches and the validity of analytical derivations are supported by experiments. The proposed approaches allow the interrogation of up to four multiplexed sensors with attained resolution between 30 pm and 80 pm, up to three times improvement of microdisplacement resolution of a single sensor by means of using the reference interferometer and noisecompensating approach, and ability to register signals with frequencies up to 1 kHz in the case of 1 Hz spectrum acquisition rate. The proposed approaches can be used for various applications, including biomedical, industrial inspection, and others, amongst the microdisplacement measurement.

Simulating bicycle traffic by the intelligent-driver model-Reproducing the traffic-wave characteristics observed in a bicycle-following experiment

Bicycle traffic operations become increasingly important and yet are largely ignored in the traffic flow community,until recently.We hypothesize that there is no qualitative difference between vehicular and bicycle traffic flow dynamics in single-file case,so the latter can be described by reparameterized car-following models.To test this proposition,we reproduce German(Andresen et al.,2014)and Chinese(Jiang et al.,2016)bicycle experiments on a ring with the intelligent-driver model(IDM)and compare its fit quality(calibration)and predictive power(validation)with that of the necessary-deceleration-model(NDM),which is specifically designed for bike traffic.We find similar quality metrics for both models,so the above hypothesis of a qualitative equivalence cannot be rejected.Moreover,calibration errors of the IDM turn up to be slightly smaller compared to the NDM ones.The NDM represents significant calibration errors for high flow densities,which correspond to flow states,when stop-and-go wave emerge.According to validation tests,the IDM outperforms the NDM as well.Performing two types of validation techniques we discover that inter-driver variation is much higher than the intra-driver variation for bicycle traffic.It coincides with the results obtained from vehicular traffic experiments(NGSIM trajectory data).In addition,we suggest the measure for quantitative comparison of two microscopic fundamental diagrams,which are derived from experimental data and simulated trajectories.The analysis of speed-density relations provides more or less the same results for both models.

Method of Relaxation Rates Measurement in Proton-Containing Materials

A method of the relaxation time measurement in a flowing sample, based on the comparison of the amplitudes of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) signals observed from the reference and tested flowing samples was represented. The inductive and optical methods of NMR signal detection in the flowing sample were compared.The levels of NMR signal(10000 Hz-1/2) and the Hanle magnetometers signal-to-noise ratio(3500 Hz-1/2) were calculated and the possibility of the NMR signal detection with the small-size Hanle magnetometer was demonstrated. Additionally, the absence of a magnet-analyzer and the ability to measure both longitudinal and transverse relaxation time with high accuracy was demonstrated.

Role of Electromagnetic Fluctuations in Organic Electronics

Thin organic films find expanding applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices, biotechnology,food packing, and for many other purposes. Among other factors, the stability of films with a thickness below a micrometer is determined by the zero-point and thermal fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. These fluctuations result in the van der Waals and Casimir free energy and forces between a film and a substrate. The fluctuationinduced force may be both attractive and repulsive making the film either more or less stable, respectively. Here, we review recently obtained results for the Casimir free energy of both freestanding and deposited on the metallic and dielectric substrates peptide films. We also perform computations for the free energy of the peptide films deposited on a silica glass substrate in the region of parameters where this free energy vanishes. Possible applications of the obtained results are discussed.

Adaptive Algorithm for Accelerating Direct Isosurface Rendering on GPU

Direct isosurface volume rendering is the most prominent modern method for medical data visualization.It is based on finding intersection points between the rays corresponding to pixels on the screen and isosurface. This article describes a two-pass algorithm for accelerating the method on the graphic processing unit(GPU). On the first pass, the intersections with the isosurface are found only for a small number of rays, which is done by rendering into a lower-resolution texture. On the second pass, the obtained information is used to efficiently calculate the intersection points of all the other. The number of rays to use during the first pass is determined by using an adaptive algorithm, which runs on the central processing unit(CPU) in parallel with the second pass of the rendering. The proposed approach allows to significantly speed up isosurface visualization without quality loss. Experiments show acceleration up to 10 times in comparison with a common ray casting method implemented on GPU. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the fastest approach for ray casting which does not require any preprocessing and could be run on common GPUs.

Casimir Effect in Optoelectronic Devices Using Ferrofluids

Some of the modern electronic and optoelectronic devices exploit ferrofluids contained in narrow gaps between two material plates. When the width of the gap becomes below a micrometer, the boundary plates are subjected to the Casimir force arising from the zero-point and thermal fluctuations of the electromagnetic field. These forces should be taken into account in microdevices with the dimensions decreased to below a micrometer. In this paper, we review recently performed calculations of the attractive Casimir pressure in three-layer systems containing a ferrofluid. We also find the ferrofluidic system where the Casimir pressure is repulsive. This result is obtained in the framework of the fundamental Lifshitz theory of van der Waals and Casimir forces. The conclusion is made that enhanced repulsion due to the presence of a ferrofluid may prevent from sticking of closely spaced elements of a microdevice.

小功率视频信号通信网络设计

随着无线视频传输在当前社会的广泛应用,对无线传输的质量、速率等要求也越来越高。针对家庭、车库、医院等小范围区域,设计了一种基于无线传输技术的短距视频通信系统。系统包括接收主节点A、信号发送从节点B和C三部分,具有AV信号直接传输、中继传输,字符叠加等功能。采用2.4G无线传输方式实现无线通信网络的传输。从节点B,C选用STM32F103RET单片机作为主控芯片,并结合行、场同步信号提取和视频叠加电路,完成叠加指定字符B或C。经测试,系统运行稳定,图像清晰,总体功耗低于150 mW,点对点传输距离大于5 m,中继传输距离大于10 m。

Energy efficiencies and CO_(2)emissions associated with lowtemperature separation technologies for the processing of formation fluid from the Achimov deposits

Three different technologies for the low-temperature separation(LTS)of gas condensate from the Achimov deposits in the Russian Urengoyskoe gas and condensate field were assessed using exergy analyses.The options examined included turbo-expansion and ejection.Thermomechanical exergy values were calculated for material streams and exergy losses and efficiencies were estimated for dedicated equipment used in the LTS.The lowest exergy loss of 4221.2 kW was obtained using turboexpansion and electricity cogeneration.The carbon release associated with each scenario was calculated while considering different production rates,technological parameters and natural decreases in wellhead pressure.The integral carbon footprint after 40 years of LTS operation was estimated for all cases.A classical ejector-based LTS scheme was shown to produce 1200 t of CO_(2)emissions over 40 years of operation.This same scheme combined with a turboexpander and electricity generator produced 59%less CO_(2)in the same period.An expansion-cogeneration LTS scheme was found to be the most effective and ecologically friendly among the various options based on this analysis.