Role of lipids in the control of autophagy and primary cilium signaling in neurons

The brain is,after the adipose tissue,the organ with the greatest amount of lipids and diversity in their composition in the human body.In neurons,lipids are involved in signaling pathways controlling autophagy,a lysosome-dependent catabolic process essential for the maintenance of neuronal homeostasis and the function of the primary cilium,a cellular antenna that acts as a communication hub that transfers extracellular signals into intracellular responses required for neurogenesis and brain development.A crosstalk between primary cilia and autophagy has been established;however,its role in the control of neuronal activity and homeostasis is barely known.In this review,we briefly discuss the current knowledge regarding the role of autophagy and the primary cilium in neurons.Then we review the recent literature about specific lipid subclasses in the regulation of autophagy,in the control of primary cilium structure and its dependent cellular signaling in physiological and pathological conditions,specifically focusing on neurons,an area of research that could have major implications in neurodevelopment,energy homeostasis,and neurodegeneration.

Vasorelaxant effects of biochemical constituents of various medicinal plants and their benefits in diab

Endothelial function plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular health,and dysfunction in this context diminishes vasorelaxation concomitant with endothelial activity.The nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway,prostacyclin-cyclic adenosine monophosphate pathway,inhibition of phosphodiesterase,and the opening of potassium channels,coupled with the reduction of calcium levels in the cell,constitute critical mechanisms governing vasorelaxation.Cardiovascular disease stands as a significant contributor to morbidity and mortality among individuals with diabetes,with adults afflicted by diabetes exhibiting a heightened cardiovascular risk compared to their non-diabetic counterparts.A plethora of medicinal plants,characterized by potent pharmacological effects and minimal side effects,holds promise in addressing these concerns.In this review,we delineate various medicinal plants and their respective biochemical constituents,showcasing concurrent vasorelaxant and anti-diabetic activities.

Gut microbiota intervention attenuates thermogenesis in broilers exposed to high temperature through modulation of the hypothalamic 5‑HT pathway

Background Broilers have a robust metabolism and high body temperature,which make them less tolerant to hightemperature(HT)environments and more susceptible to challenges from elevated temperatures.Gut microbes,functioning as symbionts within the host,possess the capacity to significantly regulate the physiological functions and environmental adaptability of the host.This study aims to investigate the effects of gut microbial intervention on the body temperature and thermogenesis of broilers at different ambient temperatures,as well as the underlying mechanism involving the"gut-brain"axis.Methods Broilers were subjected to gut microbiota interference with or without antibiotics(control or ABX)starting at 1 day of age.At 21 day of age,they were divided into 4 groups and exposed to different environments for 7 d:The control and ABX groups at room temperature(RT,24±1℃,60%relative humidity(RH),24 h/d)and the control-HT and ABX-HT groups at high temperature(HT,32±1℃,60%RH,24 h/d).Results The results demonstrated that the antibiotic-induced gut microbiota intervention increased body weight and improved feed conversion in broiler chickens(P<0.05).Under HT conditions,the microbiota intervention reduced the rectal temperature of broiler chickens(P<0.05),inhibited the expression of avUCP and thermogenesisrelated genes in breast muscle and liver(P<0.05),and thus decreased thermogenesis capacity.Furthermore,the gut microbiota intervention blunted the hypothalamic‒pituitary‒adrenal axis and hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis activation induced by HT conditions.By analyzing the cecal microbiota composition of control and ABX chickens maintained under HT conditions,we found that Alistipes was enriched in control chickens.In contrast,antibioticinduced gut microbiota intervention resulted in a decrease in the relative abundance of Alistipes(P<0.05).Moreover,this difference was accompanied by increased hypothalamic 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)content and TPH2 expression(P<0.05).Conclusions These findings underscore the critical role of the gut microbiota in regulating broiler thermogenesis via the gut-brain axis and suggest that the hypothalamic 5-HT pathway may be a potential mechanism by which the gut microbiota affects thermoregulation in broilers.

K^(+) channel-mediated retarded maturation of interneurons and its role in neurodevelopmental disorders

De novo mutations in genes encoding K^(+)channels are implicated in many severe neurodevelopmental disorders.Specifically,mutations in KCNA2,encoding the Shaker-type voltage-gated K^(+)channel Kv1.2,and KCNJ2,encoding the inwardly rectifying K^(+)channel Kir2.1,associate with focal and generalized epilepsies,brain atrophy,autism,ataxia and hereditary spastic paraplegia(Syrbe et al.,2015;Masnada et al.,2017;Cheng et al.,2021).

Carpel Tunnel Syndrome: A Link with Vitamin D, Body Mass Index and Hyperlipidemia

Introduction: Carbai tunnel syndrome [CTS] is compression of the median nerve at the wrist , this causes tingling in the hands, pain, numbness, tingling in the fingers particularly the thumb, index and middle fingers, loss of sensation in the hands and fingers, also weakness in the hands. The aim of the present study was to study a possible association which could be found between electrophysiological data in CTS, BMI, hyperlipidemia, and vitamin D [Vit D] levels. Methods: We used a sample of 40 females of the same age group, who were divided into Group 1 as a control consists of 18 healthy females and Group II consisted of 22 age matched females with clinical and electrophysiological evidence of CTS. We measured atherogenic index [AI] as a marker of hyperlipidemia, body mass index [BMI], Vit D status and electrophysiological tests of CTS. Results: Subjects with CTS had deficient Vit D status, they had significantly high atherogenic index (AI), and significant high BMI all compared to control Group I. Median sensory conduction velocity was significantly correlated negatively with BMI and atherogenic index, and positively correlated significantly with Vit D status. But median sensory and motor action potential latency were significantly correlated positively with BMI and atherogenic index, and negatively correlated significantly with Vit D status The analysis revealed BMI, atherogenic index and Vit D status as predictors of median nerve sensory and motor action potential latency and sensory nerve conduction velocity in CTS. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that obesity and hyperlipidemia are potent CTS risk factors and declared the direct association between Vit D status and CTS occurrence. Our study supports the notion of the compensatory neuroprotective role of Vit D which could have a direct impact on the nerves integrity as it has an anti-inflammatory property which acts in relieving nervous insults and stress. .

Morphological Characterization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Associated with the Rhizosphere According to the Age of Xanthosoma sagittifolium L. Schott Plants in the Field

The objective of this work was to carry out a morphological characterization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere of Xanthosoma sagittifolium L. Schott plants. The plant material used was the white and red cultivars of X. sagittifolium, belonging to age intervals of 3 - 6, 6 - 9, and 9 - 12 months. Three harvest sites were chosen in the Central Region of Cameroon. In each site, soil from the rhizosphere and plant roots was collected in a randomized manner. In the field, the agronomic parameters were evaluated. The physicochemical characteristics of the soils, the mycorrhization index, and the morphological characterization of the mycorrhizal types of each site were carried out. The results obtained show that the agronomic growth parameters varied significantly using the Student Newman and Keuls Test depending on the harvest sites. The soils’ pH in all sites was acidic and ranged between 4.6 and 5.8. The Nkometou site has a loamy texture while the Olembe and Soa sites have loam-clay-sandy and loam-clay textures respectively. The highest mycorrhization frequencies appeared at the Nkometou site, with 75 and 87.33% of the white and red cultivars plant roots at 6 - 9 and 3 - 6 months. The relative abundance of AMF arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal spores in the rhizosphere of X. sagittifolium plants varied with age and cultivar. There were 673 spores between 9 - 12 months in Nkometou in the red cultivar. Six AMF genera were identified in all the different soils collected: Acaulospora sp., Funneliformis sp., Gigaspora sp., Glomus sp., Scutellospora sp., and Septoglomus sp. The genus Glomus sp. was the most present at all age intervals in both cultivars.

Emerging evidence of the physiological role of hypoxia in mammary development and lactation

Hypoxia is a physiological or pathological condition of a deficiency of oxygen supply in the body as a whole or within a tissue. During hypoxia, tissues undergo a series of physiological responses to defend themselves against a low oxygen supply, including increased angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, and glucose uptake. The effects of hypoxia are mainly mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 （HIF-1）, which is a heterodimeric transcription factor consisting of o and 13 subunits. HIF-1β is constantly expressed, whereas HIF-1α is degraded under normal oxygen conditions. Hypoxia stabilizes HIF-1α and the HIF complex, and HIF then translocates into the nucleus to initiate the expression of target genes. Hypoxia has been extensively studied for its role in promoting tumor progression, and emerging evidence also indicates that hypoxia may play important roles in physiological processes, including mammary development and lactation. The mammary gland exhibits an increasing metabolic rate from pregnancy to lactation to support mammary growth, lactogenesis, and lactation. This process requires increasing amounts of oxygen consumption and results in localized chronic hypoxia as confirmed by the binding of the hypoxia marker pimonidazole HCI in mouse mammary gland. We hypothesized that this hypoxic condition promotes mammary development and lactation, a hypothesis that is supported by the following several lines of evidence： i） Mice with an HIF-1α deletion selective for the mammary gland have impaired mammary differentiation and lipid secretion, resulting in lactation failure and striking changes in milk compositions; ii） We recently observed that hypoxia significantly induces HIF-1α- dependent glucose uptake and GLUT1 expression in mammary epithelial cells, which may be responsible for the dramatic increases in glucose uptake and GLUT1 expression in the mammary gland during the transition period from late pregnancy to early lactation; and iii） Hypoxia and HIF-1α increase the phosphorylation of signal transducers and activators of transcription 5a （STAT5a）in mammary epithelial cells, whereas STATS phosphorylation plays important roles in the regulation of milk protein gene expression and mammary development. Based on these observations, hypoxia effects emerge as a new frontier for studying the regulation of mammary development and lactation.

IGF1-PI3K-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy:Implications for new heart failure therapies,biomarkers,and predicting cardiotoxicity

Heart failure represents the end point of a variety of cardiovascular diseases.It is a growing health burden and a leading cause of death worldwide.To date,limited treatment options exist for the treatment of heart failure,but exercise has been well-established as one of the few safe and effective interventions,leading to improved outcomes in patients.However,a lack of patient adherence remains a significant barrier in the implementation of exercise-based therapy for the treatment of heart failure.The insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1)phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)pathway has been recognized as perhaps the most critical pathway for mediating exercisedinduced heart growth and protection.Here,we discuss how modulating activity of the IGF1PI3K pathway may be a valuable approach for the development of therapies that mimic the protective effects of exercise on the heart.We outline some of the promising approaches being investigated that utilize PI3K-based therapy for the treatment of heart failure.We discuss the implications for cardiac pathology and cardiotoxicity that arise in a setting of reduced PI3K activity.Finally,we discuss the use of animal models of cardiac health and disease,and genetic mice with increased or decreased cardiac PI3K activity for the discovery of novel drug targets and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease.

Physiological Response of Halophyte (<i>Suaeda altissima</i>(L.) Pall.) and Glycophyte (<i>Spinacia oleracea</i>L.) to Salinity

We have done a comparative study of ion status, growth and biochemical parameters in shoots and roots of seablite (Suaeda altissima (L.) Pall.) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) grown with different salinity levels in the medium (0.5 - 750 mМ). A distinctive feature of the halophyte was a high Na+ content in tissues at its low concentration in the medium (0.5 mM). In these conditions, Na+ accumulation in seablite roots was four-fold higher than in spinach roots, and Na+ content in seablite leaves was almost 20-fold higher than in spinach. Together with an increase in sodium concentration in the medium, K+ content decreased six-fold in seablite leaves, while in spinach it did not decrease so drastically. We can suppose that in the halophyte, some processes occur only in the presence of sodium, and these functions of sodium cannot be fully fulfilled by potassium. Analysis of protein and total nitrogen content in tissues shows that at high salinity, the ability to synthesize non-protein nitrogen-containing compounds increases in the halophyte and decreases in the glycophyte. Data on proline content dynamics show that its increase in tissues of spinach (salinity levels 150 and 250 mМ) and seablite (salinity levels 0.5 and 750 mМ) is an indicator of plant injury. In seablite and spinach, proline is not a major osmoregulator. Its concentration both in roots and leaves was no more than 2.5 μmol/g fresh weight. The data presented in this work concern the accumulation and distribution of Na+, Cl?, K+ and ions, as well as growth and biochemical parameters. Our data show that the development of adaptation reactions in the whole plants in the conditions of high salinity is determined by morphofunctional systems and their interaction.

Current opinion on the regulation of small intestinal magnesium absorption

Magnesium(Mg^(2+))has an important role in numerous biological functions,and Mg^(2+)deficiency is associated with several diseases.Therefore,adequate intestinal absorption of Mg^(2+)is vital for health.The small intestine was previously thought to absorb digested Mg^(2+)exclusively through an unregulated paracellular mechanism,which is responsible for approximately 90%of total Mg^(2+)absorption.Recent studies,however,have revealed that the duodenum,jejunum,and ileum absorb Mg^(2+)through both transcellular and paracellular routes.Several regulatory factors of small intestinal Mg^(2+)uptake also have been explored,e.g.,parathyroid hormone,fibroblast growth factor-23,apical acidity,proton pump inhibitor,and pH-sensing channel and receptors.The mechanistic factors underlying proton pump inhibitor suppression of small intestinal Mg^(2+),such as magnesiotropic protein dysfunction,higher mucosal bicarbonate secretion,Paneth cell dysfunction,and intestinal inflammation,are currently being explored.The potential role of small intestinal microbiomes in Mg^(2+)absorption has also been proposed.In this article,we reviewed the current knowledge on the mechanisms and regulatory factors of small intestinal Mg^(2+)absorption.

Olfactory dysfunction as a common biomarker for neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders

The sense of smell supports the identification and the safety of food,warns of danger/predators,and plays a key role in mating(Croy and Hummel,2017;Kondo et al.,2020;Tzeng et al.,2021).Via connection to the limbic system,it supports behavioral adaption and emotions and can detect fear,tears,and happiness in the body odor of others(Croy and Hummel,2017;Tzeng et al.,2021).

Heart Rate Variability as an Indicator of Stress in Students’ Athletes

Introduction: The wellbeing of student’s athletes has a paramount importance, a prolonged period of cognitive and physical performance that characterizes the life of student’s athletes often leads to fatigue, and a psychobiological state that increases the risk of injury and accidents. The use of Heart rate variability (HRV) has become increasingly popular as a non-invasive methodology that provides an indirect insight into the autonomic nervous system. HRV can be utilized as a diagnostic tool in detection of autonomic nervous system impairment and sympatho-vagal imbalance. HRV technology is employed to monitor the internal response of athletes to workload and identify athletes’s psychophysical stress to predict and therefore prevent injuries. Objective: The objective of the investigation is to establish whether the use of Polar H10 sensor heart rate monitors worn by athletes in a sitting position (inclination 60 degrees) during periods characterized by stress can provide a valid and non-invasive method to assess the psychophysiological state during sports competition and school exams. Method and Statistics: In the study, the HRV of 12 basketball students athletes and 4 students non-athletes was analyzed as a control group. The autonomic nervous system activity was assessed based on heart variability parameters (HRV): SDNN, rMSSD, LF, HF, and LF/HF. The measurements were made after establishing the baseline at rest, during the training phase (CT), competition phase (CC) and during the acute phase of stressors due to school exams coinciding with the competitive season (CC + E). Results: Compared to the respective values prior to the stress of the competitions and exams, a significant decrease in HRV indices was found: SDNN (P Conclusions: The analysis and examination of the data on the sample of the student population also showed a statistically significant correlation between decreased cardiac variability and injuries or indisposition to physical exertion.

Therapeutic Approaches to Post-Mastectomy Pain Syndrome

Background: Breast cancer is increasingly common in society and post-mastectomy pain is a striking condition associated with surgery, both intra and postoperatively. The post-mastectomy syndrome is characterized by the persistence of pain for more than 3 months after the procedure. It is mostly of neuropathic origin and is highly refractory to treatments, which vary from clinical to surgical measures and alternative techniques. In this context, it is essential to understand the possible approaches to these patients. Objective: Understand alternatives for pain management in patients undergoing mastectomy, especially in those in whom pain persists for more than 3 months. Methods: Systematic literature review, conducted in the Virtual Health Library databases includes: Lilacs, SciELO, Medline, PubMed and Cochrane between 2018 and 2023, restricted to articles in English with the descriptors: Mastectomy, chronic Pain, Nerve Blocks and Breast Cancer. 317 articles were found involving the descriptors presented, all in English. After reading the abstracts, 28 articles were selected. Results: This review analyzed 28 scientific studies that rigorously met the previously established characteristics in the sample selection. The synthesis included the following aspects: author/year of publication, article title, objective, type of study and database. Conclusion: It was concluded that, according to the analyzed studies, post-mastectomy pain is a problem that has increased its incidence and that needs the attention of health professionals. The use of antineuropathic medications, nerve blocks, fat grafting, lymph node transplantation, therapy, physical activity and acupuncture are some examples of therapeutic approaches for these women. Therefore, the team must assist the patients, seeking to provide a better prognosis, quality of life and comfort.

Primed Expression of Defense-Related Genes by Streptomyces cameroonensis-Based Bioformulation (SCaB) on Cocoa Seedlings in a Nursery Challenged with Phytophthora megakarya

A Streptomyces cameroonensis based bioformulation (SCaB) has been developed and shown to be stable and effective in controlling the early proliferation of P. megakarya and promoting the growth of cocoa seedlings in nursery. This study was carried out to explore the molecular mechanisms associated with the interaction of SCaB, cocoa seedlings, and the pathogen during the early stages of seedling growth in the nursery. For this purpose, seedling treatment with 10% W/W SCaB under greenhouse conditions evaluated SCaB’s capacity to stimulate the defense mechanisms in cocoa. Agronomic growth parameters and the level of induction of defense-associated compounds were analyzed. Real-time (rt) PCR was used to assess the level of expression of defense genes. Here, we showed that the application of SCaB as a seedling treatment enhanced the growth of cocoa seedlings in the nursery by an average of 15.6% after 30 days of growth and led to an average reduction in disease severity of 64% when challenged with P. megakarya. The latter led to an increased synthesis of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, chitinases, peroxidases, and β-1,3-glucanases and an induced up-regulation of TcChiB, TcGlu-1, TcPer-1, and TcMYBPA genes. This research provides a basis for the optimization of beneficial microorganisms as a viable alternative to chemical fungicides used in disease suppression.

三裂叶野葛毛状根的诱导及其固体培养和液体培养

发根农杆菌 (Agrobacteriumrhizogenes)ATCC15 834感染三裂叶野葛 (Puerariaphaseoloides)叶片外植体 2 0d后产生毛状根 ,毛状根可直接从叶片外植体叶脉处或从叶脉处产生的愈伤组织上产生。感染 35d后 ,约 85 %的叶片外植体产生毛状根。毛状根能在无外源生长调节剂的MS固体和液体培养基上自主生长。PCR扩增结果表明 ,发根农杆菌Ri质粒的rolB和rolC基因已在三裂叶野葛毛状根基因组中整合并得到表达。与固体培养的毛状根相比 ,在液体培养基中培养的毛状根不仅生长迅速 ,也不会形成愈伤组织。在无外源生长调节剂的液体MS培养基中培养 15d的三裂叶野葛毛状根的鲜重、干重、可溶性总糖含量及细胞内活性氧 (ROS)含量分别为固体培养毛状根的1.5 9倍、1.18倍、5 .2 5倍和 1.16倍。

三裂叶野葛毛状根的培养及其葛根素的产生

发根农杆菌ATCC15834感染三裂叶野葛叶片外植体20天后,从其切口叶脉处产生的愈伤组织上产生毛状根。感染35天后约85%的叶片外植体产生毛状根。毛状根能在无外源生长调节剂的MS固体和液体培养基上自主生长,但在液体培养基中培养的毛状根生长更迅速,也不会形成愈伤组织。毛状根线粒体膜电势的荧光染色结果表明,液体培养的毛状根细胞线粒体的膜电势比固体培养的毛状根高11.8倍。PCR结果证实,发根农杆菌Ri质粒的rolB和rolC基因已在三裂叶野葛毛状根基因组中整合并得到表达。HPLC测定结果表明,三裂叶野葛毛状根中的葛根素含量约为对照根(种子萌发产生的幼苗根)的2.5倍,达1.190 mg/g.dry.wt;并比多年生葛根生药片的葛根素含量高6.7%。

早期胚胎心肌细胞兴奋收缩耦联模式

目的研究胚胎心肌细胞兴奋收缩耦联的机理;方法使用膜片钳与钙离子浓度分析系统测量酶消化法得到的小鼠胚胎心肌细胞的膜电位与细胞内钙离子浓度;结果细胚胎心肌细胞存在两种兴奋收缩耦联模式,一种与正常成熟心肌细胞的兴奋收缩耦联模式类似,与细胞膜上的钠通道、L-钙离子通道相关;另一种由细胞内钙振荡诱发,这种钙振荡通过细胞膜上的钠钙交换蛋白引起了细胞膜电位的小幅度变化,该模式是一种更基本的兴奋收缩模式。近似熵分析表明,与后一种模式相比较,前一种模式的规律性更强。结论胚胎心肌细胞存在两种兴奋收缩耦联模式。

Insulin and leptin enhance human sperm motility, acrosome reaction and nitric oxide production

Aim： To investigate the in vitro effects of insulin and leptin on human sperm motility, viability, acrosome reaction and nitric oxide （NO） production. Methods： Washed human spermatozoa from normozoospermic donors were treated with insulin （10 μIU） and leptin （10 nmol）. Insulin and leptin effects were blocked by inhibition of their intracellular effector, phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）, by wortmannin （10 μmol） 30 min prior to insulin and leptin being given. Computer-assisted semen analysis was used to assess motility after 1, 2 and 3 h of incubation. Viability was assessed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting using propidium iodide as a fluorescent probe. Acrosome-reacted cells were observed under a fluorescent microscope using fluorescein-isothiocyanate-Pisum sativum agglutinin as a probe. NO was measured after treating the sperm with 4,5-diaminofluorescein-2/diacetate （DAF-2/DA） and analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Results： Insulin and leptin significantly increased total motility, progressive motility and acrosome reaction, as well as NO production. Conclusion： This study showed the in vitro beneficial effects of insulin and leptin on human sperm function. These hormones could play a role in enhancing the fertilization capacity of human spermatozoa.

QTLs for Sugar Content of Stalk in Sweet Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.Moench)

High sugar content of sorghum stalk is an important factor in the sorghum silage production. To identify the genomic regions controlling sugar content and to develop molecular markers linked to sugar content in sweet sorghum, we used an F2：3 segregating population consisting of 207 individuals derived from a cross between a high sugar content inbred line, Early Folger, and a normal inbred line, N32B, for genetic linkage mapping and quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis. We constructed a genetic linkage map spanning 983.5 cM based on a total of 327 markers comprising 31 restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） markers, 254 amplified fragment length polymorphism （AFLP） markers, and 42 simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers. In the 20 linkage groups detected, 98.2% of markers aligned to the 10 linkage groups of sorghum. Variations in sugar content at different growth stages and among internodes suggested that the sugar content of middle internodes is stable and suitable for measuring at early dough stage. The broad sense heritability （hB0 of sugar content was 0.64 and 0.62 estimated from the data of F3 families and each parent in 2003 and 2004. We identified one and two QTLs accounting for 22.2 to 25.0% of phenotypic variance using simple interval mapping method in 2003 and 2004, respectively. These two QTLs showed a negative additive effect, and over-dominance effect. A QTL on LG-D was detected in both two years. Above results will be help us to understand the genetic mechanism of sugar content in sorghum and the QTL detected in this study might be useful in the improvement of sugar content by marker-assisted selection.

辣木叶或根的甲醇提取物对弗氏佐剂致关节炎大鼠模型的止痛作用(英文)

目的:辣木(Moringaoleifera)是非洲民间医学中一种常用的药用植物,近期已有临床研究揭示了其抗炎功效。本实验研究辣木叶及根的甲醇提取物对弗氏佐剂致关节炎模型大鼠的止痛作用。方法:使用健康雄性成年Wistar大鼠(体质量200~220g),皮下注射弗氏佐剂建立实验性关节炎模型。造模当天及造模后第3天和第6天,治疗组大鼠分别腹腔内注射辣木根或叶的甲醇提取物(200、300或400mg/kg),使用消炎痛(5mg/kg)作为阳性对照药。每次用药后评估各组大鼠的温度痛觉过敏程度及机械性触诱发痛程度。实验用同样方法检测了辣木根和叶的甲醇提取物混合物(200mg/kg)的止痛作用。结果:辣木根或叶的甲醇提取物(300或400mg/kg)的止痛作用与消炎痛(5mg/kg)类似,与对照组比较,造模后第3天或第6天用药都能够显著降低弗氏佐剂致关节炎大鼠的温度痛觉过敏程度及机械性触诱发痛程度(P<0.01或P<0.05)。与对照组、辣木根提取物组及辣木叶提取物组比较,造模后第3天或第6天用药,辣木根和叶的甲醇提取物混合物(200mg/kg)能够显著降低弗氏佐剂致关节炎大鼠的温度痛觉过敏程度(P<0.01)。结论:辣木根或叶的甲醇提取物能够有效降低弗氏佐剂致关节炎大鼠的温度痛觉过敏程度。辣木根和叶的甲醇提取物混合物与根或叶单独的提取物的作用比较显示出辣木根与叶在止痛效果上的协同作用。