高压断路器分合闸过程中触头间隙介质的绝缘强度及其变化是断路器结构设计的重要性能指标。搭建高压断路器触头间隙介质绝缘特性实验回路,测量C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)混合气体断路器空载分合闸过程中不同压强、不同C4F7N含量时触头间隙介质...高压断路器分合闸过程中触头间隙介质的绝缘强度及其变化是断路器结构设计的重要性能指标。搭建高压断路器触头间隙介质绝缘特性实验回路,测量C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)混合气体断路器空载分合闸过程中不同压强、不同C4F7N含量时触头间隙介质的动态击穿电压,研究C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)混合气体断路器的关合预击穿特性和分闸绝缘特性。实验发现,断路器空载分合闸过程中C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)混合气体动态击穿电压存在“低电压击穿”现象;合闸过程中,动态击穿电压分散性较大,C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)混合气体断路器的关合预击穿特性显著劣于SF6断路器,增大压强或增加C4F7N含量对混合气体动态击穿电压分散性的改善不大;正、负极性条件下0.7MPa时9%C_(4)F_(7)N/91%CO_(2)混合气体的分闸平均绝缘强度上升率(rate of rise of dielectric strength,RRDS)分别为49.8kV/ms和42.7kV/ms,具有“反极性”效应;分闸过程中,“低电压击穿”现象主要出现在刚分后2ms(开距约6mm)范围以内,断路器若在此时间(开距)范围内熄弧,极易发生弧后重击穿现象,因此,C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)混合气体断路器结构设计时应避免在此范围内熄弧。展开更多
特高压直流GIL运行可靠性取决于内绝缘设计的可靠性。此外,导电元件直流电流密度的取值、弹簧触头的定位设计、GIL各元件中的绝缘件与金具连接处的楔形气隙的处理以及母线中支撑件的结构设计细节,都会对产品运行可靠性产生重大影响,不...特高压直流GIL运行可靠性取决于内绝缘设计的可靠性。此外,导电元件直流电流密度的取值、弹簧触头的定位设计、GIL各元件中的绝缘件与金具连接处的楔形气隙的处理以及母线中支撑件的结构设计细节,都会对产品运行可靠性产生重大影响,不能忽视。对于运行环境十分严酷的UHV DC GIL为保证内绝缘工作可靠性和减少气体维护工作量,文中还提出了高气密性结构设计。为适应-50℃低温运行要求,产品选用了液化温度很低的N_(2)/SF_(6)混合气体,对两种气体的配比,压力特性和绝缘特性进行了讨论与计算。还有产品的局放、气体密度及微水含量的监视系统的可靠性设计,都会对产品运行可靠性产生直接影响。文中对上述问题的研究成果作了介绍,可供高压直流产品设计使用。对其中未解的新技术如基于冷镜露点测试原理、微机电技术制作的智能气体湿度和密度监测装置、高压直流复合绝缘套管伞面局放起始场强提出了研究方案。文中提出的诸多GIL运行可靠性设计要点,对于其他超/特高压直流气体绝缘电器可参考选用。展开更多
A series of spinel-type Mg_(0.25-x)Al_(2.57)O_(3.79)N_(0.21):xMn^(2+)(MgAlON:xMn^(2+))phosphors were synthesized by the solid-state reaction route.The transparent ceramic phosphors were fabricated by pressureless sint...A series of spinel-type Mg_(0.25-x)Al_(2.57)O_(3.79)N_(0.21):xMn^(2+)(MgAlON:xMn^(2+))phosphors were synthesized by the solid-state reaction route.The transparent ceramic phosphors were fabricated by pressureless sintering followed by hot-isostatic pressing(HIP).The crystal structure,luminescence and mechanical properties of the samples were systematically investigated.The transparent ceramic phosphors with tetrahedrally coordinated Mn^(2+)show strong green emission centered around 515 nm under blue light excitation.As the Mn^(2+)concentration increases,the crystal lattice expands slightly,resulting in a variation of crystal field and a slight red-shift of green emission peak.Six weak absorption peaks in the transmittance spectra originate from the spin-forbidden ^(4)T_(1)(^(4)G)→^(6)A_(1) transition of Mn^(2+).The decay time was found to decrease from 5.66 to 5.16 ms with the Mn^(2+)concentration.The present study contributes to the systematic understanding of crystal structure and properties of MgAlON:xMn^(2+)green-emitting transparent ceramic phosphor which has a potential application in high-power light-emitting diodes.展开更多
文摘高压断路器分合闸过程中触头间隙介质的绝缘强度及其变化是断路器结构设计的重要性能指标。搭建高压断路器触头间隙介质绝缘特性实验回路,测量C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)混合气体断路器空载分合闸过程中不同压强、不同C4F7N含量时触头间隙介质的动态击穿电压,研究C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)混合气体断路器的关合预击穿特性和分闸绝缘特性。实验发现,断路器空载分合闸过程中C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)混合气体动态击穿电压存在“低电压击穿”现象;合闸过程中,动态击穿电压分散性较大,C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)混合气体断路器的关合预击穿特性显著劣于SF6断路器,增大压强或增加C4F7N含量对混合气体动态击穿电压分散性的改善不大;正、负极性条件下0.7MPa时9%C_(4)F_(7)N/91%CO_(2)混合气体的分闸平均绝缘强度上升率(rate of rise of dielectric strength,RRDS)分别为49.8kV/ms和42.7kV/ms,具有“反极性”效应;分闸过程中,“低电压击穿”现象主要出现在刚分后2ms(开距约6mm)范围以内,断路器若在此时间(开距)范围内熄弧,极易发生弧后重击穿现象,因此,C_(4)F_(7)N/CO_(2)混合气体断路器结构设计时应避免在此范围内熄弧。
文摘特高压直流GIL运行可靠性取决于内绝缘设计的可靠性。此外,导电元件直流电流密度的取值、弹簧触头的定位设计、GIL各元件中的绝缘件与金具连接处的楔形气隙的处理以及母线中支撑件的结构设计细节,都会对产品运行可靠性产生重大影响,不能忽视。对于运行环境十分严酷的UHV DC GIL为保证内绝缘工作可靠性和减少气体维护工作量,文中还提出了高气密性结构设计。为适应-50℃低温运行要求,产品选用了液化温度很低的N_(2)/SF_(6)混合气体,对两种气体的配比,压力特性和绝缘特性进行了讨论与计算。还有产品的局放、气体密度及微水含量的监视系统的可靠性设计,都会对产品运行可靠性产生直接影响。文中对上述问题的研究成果作了介绍,可供高压直流产品设计使用。对其中未解的新技术如基于冷镜露点测试原理、微机电技术制作的智能气体湿度和密度监测装置、高压直流复合绝缘套管伞面局放起始场强提出了研究方案。文中提出的诸多GIL运行可靠性设计要点,对于其他超/特高压直流气体绝缘电器可参考选用。
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52272072)the Independent Innovation Projects of the Hubei Longzhong Laboratory(No.2022ZZ-13)。
文摘A series of spinel-type Mg_(0.25-x)Al_(2.57)O_(3.79)N_(0.21):xMn^(2+)(MgAlON:xMn^(2+))phosphors were synthesized by the solid-state reaction route.The transparent ceramic phosphors were fabricated by pressureless sintering followed by hot-isostatic pressing(HIP).The crystal structure,luminescence and mechanical properties of the samples were systematically investigated.The transparent ceramic phosphors with tetrahedrally coordinated Mn^(2+)show strong green emission centered around 515 nm under blue light excitation.As the Mn^(2+)concentration increases,the crystal lattice expands slightly,resulting in a variation of crystal field and a slight red-shift of green emission peak.Six weak absorption peaks in the transmittance spectra originate from the spin-forbidden ^(4)T_(1)(^(4)G)→^(6)A_(1) transition of Mn^(2+).The decay time was found to decrease from 5.66 to 5.16 ms with the Mn^(2+)concentration.The present study contributes to the systematic understanding of crystal structure and properties of MgAlON:xMn^(2+)green-emitting transparent ceramic phosphor which has a potential application in high-power light-emitting diodes.
