Resilience of Wengding,the Phoenix Wa traditional village

The village of Wengding,ancestral home of the Wa ethnic group,considered as China’s last primitive tribe,suf-fered near-complete extinction due to a fire incident in 2021.Historical records indicate that stilt-style buildings,also in Wengding,are highly susceptible to fire.Nevertheless,this has not hindered the long-term existence of these distinctive architectural forms.This study analyses the reasons for the sustained existence of the traditional building forms in Wengding,from the perspective of resilience.The findings indicate that the requirements of the traditional nomadic civilization for rapid construction of dwellings,the communal consciousness toward dis-aster resistance,and the implementation of spatially oriented fire protection measures collectively account for the swift recovery and reconstruction observed in Wengding village after the disaster.These aspects are tangible manifestations of the capacity of the village for resilience.Overall,resilience is essential for the sustainability of such traditional villages in the long term.

Drainage of paddy terraces impacts structures and soil properties in the globally important agricultural heritage of Hani Paddy Terraces,China

Marginalization and abandonment of paddy terraces are widespread,but their effects on the sustainability of subsequent agricultural production are still unknown.Hani Paddy Terraces,included in Globally Important Agriculture Heritage Systems,are threatened by paddy fields drainage.Here,changes in terrace structure,the productivity of topsoil(0-20 cm),and soil water holding capacity at 0-70 cm depth were determined in a case study of Hani Paddy Terraces in Amengkong River Basin in Yuanyang County in Southwestern China,which had been converted into dryland terraces for 2-14 years.Our results showed that:(1)The degree of terrace structures degradation exhibited a U-shaped curve with increasing time since draining,with those drained for 5-9 years having the best structure;(2)Soil productivity index decreased first and then increased with time after conversion;(3)Maximum water holding capacity at 0-70 cm soil depth dramatically decreased after conversion and such trend became increasingly obvious with increasing time since conversion.Our study revealed that drainage of paddy terraces along with associated changes in crop and field management led to an increase in soil productivity,but degradation of terrace structures and a decrease in water holding capacity will inhibit restoration to paddy terraces.These findings enhance the understanding of the biophysical changes due to marginalization in paddy terraces.

穿越断层破碎带隧洞沿线蠕滑位移的分布模式

活断层的蠕滑错动对穿越其中的隧洞(道)、管线等长线工程的运行安全影响巨大,工程沿线活断层蠕滑位移分布模式是此类工程建筑物的重要设计依据。基于断层带的活动特征、地质条件以及各区域内的岩体性质,采用离散元方法建立了不同类型和倾角的断层数值模型。将活断层的蠕滑错动相似比拟为地质分层间的持续性剪切,研制并采用了圆盘旋转试验装置对“软硬”分层试样进行了压扭应力组合下的旋转试验。基于数值模拟与试验结果,提出了正断层、逆断层及走滑断层的位移分布模式。结果表明,逆断层、正断层和走滑断层的错动位移均呈S型,位移模式与断层倾角无相关性;错动位移在断层破碎带内的分布规律具有非线性特征,水平挤压程度越高,该区域内的位移集中程度越高;百年蠕滑错动下约70%的错动位移产生在断层核内。