创伤后成长的研究热点和主题趋势:基于关键词的共词分析

目的 采用基于关键词的共词分析方法,分析、总结近15年创伤后成长(post-traumatic growth,PTG)的研究热点和进展趋势,为PTG的相关研究和临床干预提供参考依据.方法 在PubMed和Web of Science数据库中检索于2013年1月至2022年7月发表的与PTG相关的研究文献.采用共11个医学主题词(Medical Subject Headings,MeSH)和关键词来检索、选择研究文献.使用书目共现分析系统(Bibliographic Item Co-occurrence Matrix Builder,BICOMB 2.0)提取高频主题词并生成词篇矩阵,使用图形聚类工具包(Graphical Clustering Toolkit,gCLUTO 1.0)进行聚类分析,使用SPSS 25.0进行战略图分析.结果 共筛选出2 370篇文献,提取38个高频主题词.研究结果揭示了 2013-2022年关于PTG的6个研究热点:遭遇负性生活事件后的情绪反应研究,癌症患者的PTG研究,经历创伤后的反刍和韧性研究,儿童和青少年的PTG研究,社会支持和应对策略在PTG中的作用研究,以及PTG与生活质量之间的关系研究.结论 采用共词分析方法,有效揭示了近15年PTG相关研究的概况.本研究中揭示的6个研究类别既反映了PTG研究领域的多样性,也说明部分研究主题尚未成熟.本研究结果对未来开展与PTG相关的研究具有重要参考价值.

Protection of retinal ganglion cells against optic nerve injury by induction of ischemic preconditioning

AIM： To explore if ischemic preconditioning （IPC） can enhance the survival of retinal ganglion cells （RGCs） after optic nerve axotomy. METHODS： Twenty-four hours prior to retinal ischemia 60min or axotomy, IPC was applied for ten minutes in groups of （n=72） animals. The survival of RGCs, the cellular expression of heat shock protein 27 （HSP27） and heat shock protein 70 （HSP70） and the numbers of retinal microglia in the different groups were quantified at 7 and 14d post-injury. The cellular expression of HSP27 and HSP70 and changes in the numbers of retinal microglia were quantified to detect the possible mechanism of the protection of the IPC. RESULTS： Ten minutes of IPC promoted RGC survival in both the optic nerve injury （IPC-ONT） and the retinal ischemia 60min （IPC-IR60） groups, examined at 7d and 14d post-injury. Microglial proliferation showed little correlation with the extent of benefit effects of IPC on the rescue of RGCs. The number of HSP27-positive RGCs was significantly higher in the IPC-ONT group than in the sham IPC-ONT group, although the percentage of HSP27-positive RGCs did not significantly differ between groups. For the IPC-IR60 group, neither the number nor the percentage ofthe HSP27-positive RGCs differed significantly between the IPC and the sham-operated groups. The number of HSP70-positive RGCs was significantly higher for both the IPC-ONT and the IPC-IR60 experimental groups, but the percentages did not differ. CONCLUSION： The induction of IPC enhances the survival of RGCs against both axotomy and retinal ischemia.

Rac1 activates HIF-1 in laser induced choroidal neovascularization

AIM: To study the effect of Rac1 on the induction of HIF-1 alpha in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in mice. METHODS: One hundred C57BL/6J mice were laser photocoagulated to induce CNV, fifty mice of that were selected randomly for intravitreal injection of Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 solution (1 mu L). After laser photocoagulation, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was performed to verify the growth of CNV. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect HIF-1 alpha and Rac1 in posterior segment of eye globes. RESULTS: FFA verified that incidence of CNV was significantly reduced in the eyes with NSC23766 injection comparing with that of eyes without NSC23766 injection (P< 0.01). Immunohistochemistry detected that HIF-1 alpha and Rac1 mainly Expressed in the new fibrovascular tissue. Western blot showed that HIF-1 alpha and Rac1 was highly increased in tissue explants of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid without NSC23766 injection. But for tissue explants of RPE and choroid with N5C23766 injection, both the expressions of HIF-1 alpha and Rac1 were inhibited. CONCLUSION: Rac1 is crucial to activate HIF-1 regulating the growth of CNV, and its inhibition may have potential therapeutic value.

Analysis on Traditional Chinese Medicine syndrome elements and relevant factors for senile diabetes

OBJECTIVE: To explore the laws governing the distribution ofTraditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome elements (SEs) of senile diabetes (SD) and their relationship to relevant factors. METHODS: An investigation of patients who met the inclusion criteria was conducted by trained doctors, using case report forms. All related data were collected, including body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, illness course, complications, symptoms, and tongue and pulse manifestation. The SEs of each patient were judged by three qualified associate chief physicians independently. RESULTS: The main SEs of SD are Yin deficiency, Qi deficiency, blood stasis, and phlegm turbidity. Yindeficiency, Qi deficiency, blood stasis, and phlegm turbidity are most commonly seen among 4-SE combinations. Yang deficiency is typically related to illness course and BMI, phlegm turbidity to hypertension and hyperlipidemia, excessive heat to diabetic microangiopathy, and blood stasis to illness course and diabetic macroangiopathy. CONCLUSION: SD pathogenesis has a deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality. Deficiency syndrome mainly manifests as deficiency of both Qi and Yin, and concurrently in Yang deficiency. Excess syndrome is characterized by blood stasis and phlegm turbidity. SEs analysis provides a basis for the prevention and treatment of SD with TCM and lays the foundation for objectively evaluating multicentric clinical research for SD inTCM.

Comparative Proteome Analysis of Breast Cancer and Adjacent Normal Breast Tissues in Human

Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel assisted laser desorption/ionization electrophoresis （2D-PAGE） and matrixtandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS）, incorporated with online database searching, were performed to investigate differential proteins of breast cancer and adjacent normal breast tissues. Considering that serum albumin is abundantly presented in normal control samples, 15 differential spots detected in 11 out of 12 （91.7%） breast cancer samples were identified by online SIENA-2DPAGE database searching and MALDI-TOF/TOF-MS analysis. The results indicate that pathological changes of breast cancer are concerned with augmentation of substance metabolism, promotion of proteolytic activity, decline of activity of some inhibitors of enzymes, and so on. Some important proteins involved in the pathological process of breast cancer with changed expression may be useful biomarkers, such as alpha-l-antitrypsin, EF- 1-beta, cathepsin D, TCTP, SMT3A, RPS12, and PSMA1, among which SMT3A, RPSl2, and PSMA1 were first reported for breast cancer in this study.

Effect of temperature on the activation of myocardial K_(ATP) channel in guinea pig ventricular myocytes: a pilot study by whole cell patch clamp recording

Background The myocardial ATP sensitive potassium channel （KATP channel） has been known for more than two decades, the properties of this channel have been intensively investigated, especially the myocardial protection effect by opening this channel. Numerous studies, including hypothermic, using KATP agonists to achieve a hyperpolarizing cardioplegic arrest, have shown a better myocardial protection than potassium arrest. However, there is no evidence showing that KATP channel could be opened by its agonists under profound hypothermia. We investigated the effect of temperature on activation of myocardial KATP channel by nicorandil.Methods Isolated ventricular myocytes were obtained by collagenase digestion of the hearts of guinea pigs and stored in KB solution at 4℃. With a steady ground current, the myocytes were perfused with 1 mmol/L nicorandil until a steady IKATP occurred. Then the cells were perfused with 1 mmol/L nicorandil plus 1 μmol/L glybenclamide. Currents signals were recorded on whole cells using patch clamp technique at several temperatures. The temperature of the bath solution around myocytes was monitored and was controlled at 4℃, 10℃, 20℃, 25℃ and 35℃ respectively. About 10 cells were tested at each temperature, the cells were considered useful only when the outward current could be induced by nicorandil and blocked by glybenclamide. All data were analyzed using Graphpad PRISM 3.0 （Graphpad, San Diego, CA, USA）. Nonlinear curve fitting was done in Clampfit （Axon） or Sigmaplot （SPSS）.Results At 4℃, 10℃, 20℃, 25℃ and 35℃, the time needed to open the myocardial KATP channel was （81.0±0） minutes, （50.54±11.7） minutes, （28.84±2.3） minutes, （9.4± 10.2） minutes and （2.3± 1.0） minutes respectively （P=0.003）. The linear relationship between temperature and time needed to open the channel was y （min） = （4348.790±124.277x）/60, where y （min） is time needed to open KATP channel, x is temperature, correlation coefficient r =-0.942 （P=0.00）, regression coefficient b =-124.277 （P=0.00）. The current densities among different temperatures were statistically different （P=0.022）, the current density was greater after the activation of KATP channel at higher temperatures. The lower the temperature, the fewer cells in which KATP channels could be opened. At 4℃, only one cell in which the KATP channel could be opened, took a quite long time （81 minutes）and the Ⅰ-Ⅴ curve was quite untypical.Conclusions KATP channel activated by nicorandil is temperature dependent and the temperature linearly related to time needed to open KATP channel; the lower the temperature, the longer the time needed to open channel and the smaller the current density. At profound hypothermia, it is difficult to activate KATP channels.

Effect of pomegranate peel polyphenol gel on cutaneous wound healing in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Background Pomegranate （punica granatum） belongs to the family Punicaceae, and its peel has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine because of its efficacy in restraining intestine, promoting hemostasis, and killing parasites. Pomegranate peel has been reported to possess wound-healing properties which are mainly attributed to its polyphenol extracts. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of pomegranate peel polyphenols （PPP） gel on cutaneous wound healing in diabetic rats. Methods AIIoxan-induced diabetic rats were given incisional wounds on each side of the mid-back and then treated daily with PPP gel （polyphenol mass fraction =30%） post-wounding. Rats were sacrificed on days 4, 7, 14, and 21 post-wounding to assess the rates of wound closure, histological characteristics; and to detect the contents of hydroxyproline, production of nitric oxide （NO）, and activities of NO synthase （NOS）, as well as the expressions of transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）, vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）, and epidermal growth factor （EGF） in wound tissue. Results Wound closure was significantly shortened when PPP gel was applied to the wounds of diabetic rats. Histological examination showed the ability of PPP gel to increase fibroblast infiltration, collagen regeneration, vascularization, and epithelialization in the wound area of diabetic rats. In addition, PPP gel-treated diabetic rats showed increased contents of hydroxyproline, production of NO, and activities of NOS and increased expressions of TGF-β1, VEGF, and EGF in wound tissues. Conclusion PPP gel may be a beneficial method for treating wound disorders associated with diabetes.