Insight into the dynamics of non-Newtonian Carreau fluid when viscous dissipation,entropy generation,convective heating and diffusion are significant

The investigation endorsed the convective flow of Carreau nanofluid over a stretched surface in presence of entropy generation optimization.The novel dynamic of viscous dissipation is utilized to analyze the thermal mechanism of magnetized flow.The convective boundary assumptions are directed in order to examine the heat and mass transportation of nanofluid.The thermal concept of thermophoresis and Brownian movements has been re-called with the help of Buongiorno model.The problem formulated in dimensionless form is solved by NDSolve MATHEMATICA.The graphical analysis for parameters governed by the problem is performed with physical applications.The affiliation of entropy generation and Bejan number for different parameters is inspected in detail.The numerical data for illustrating skin friction,heat and mass transfer rate is also reported.The motion of the fluid is highest for the viscosity ratio parameter.The temperature of the fluid rises via thermal Biot number.Entropy generation rises for greater Brinkman number and diffusion parameter.

Some Results on Type 2 Degenerate Poly-Fubini Polynomials and Numbers

In this paper,we introduce type 2 degenerate poly-Fubini polynomials and derive several interesting characteristics and properties.In addition,we define type 2 degenerate unipoly-Fubini polynomials and establish some certain identities.Furthermore,we give some relationships between degenerate unipoly polynomials and special numbers and polynomials.In the last section,certain beautiful zeros and graphical representations of type 2 degenerate poly-Fubini polynomials are shown.

Effects of Combined Heat and Mass Transfer on Entropy Generation due to MHD Nanofluid Flow over a Rotating Frame

The current investigation aims to explore the combined effects of heat and mass transfer on free convection of Sodium alginate-Fe_(3)O_(4) based Brinkmann type nanofluid flow over a vertical rotating frame.The Tiwari and Das nanofluid model is employed to examine the effects of dimensionless numbers,including Grashof,Eckert,and Schmidt numbers and governing parameters like solid volume fraction of nanoparticles,Hall current,magnetic field,viscous dissipation,and the chemical reaction on the physical quantities.The dimensionless nonlinear partial differential equations are solved using a finite difference method known as Runge-Kutta Fehlberg(RKF-45)method.The variation of dimensionless velocity,temperature,concentration,skin friction,heat,and mass transfer rate,as well as for entropy generation and Bejan number with governing parameters,are presented graphically and are provided in tabular form.The results reveal that the Nusselt number increases with an increase in the solid volume fraction of nanoparticles.Furthermore,the rate of entropy generation and Bejan number depends upon the magnetic field and the Eckert number.

Shape Effect of Nanoparticles on Nanofluid Flow Containing Gyrotactic Microorganisms

In this paper,we discussed the effect of nanoparticles shape on bioconvection nanofluid flow over the vertical cone in a permeable medium.The nanofluid contains water,Al2O3 nanoparticles with sphere(spherical)and lamina(non-spherical)shapes and motile microorganisms.The phenomena of heat absorption/generation,Joule heating and thermal radiation with chemical reactions have been incorporated.The similarity transformations technique is used to transform a governing system of partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations.The numerical bvp4c MATLAB program is used to find the solution of ordinary differential equations.The interesting aspects of pertinent parameters on mass transfer,energy,concentration,and density of themotilemicroorganisms’profiles are computed and discussed.Our analysis depicts that the performance of sphere shape nanoparticles in the form of velocity distribution,temperature distribution,skin friction,Sherwood number and Motile density number is better than lamina(non-spherical)shapes nanoparticles.

A Note on Bell-Based Bernoulli and Euler Polynomials of Complex Variable

In this article,we construct the generating functions for new families of special polynomials including two parametric kinds of Bell-based Bernoulli and Euler polynomials.Some fundamental properties of these functions are given.By using these generating functions and some identities,relations among trigonometric functions and two parametric kinds of Bell-based Bernoulli and Euler polynomials,Stirling numbers are presented.Computational formulae for these polynomials are obtained.Applying a partial derivative operator to these generating functions,some derivative formulae and finite combinatorial sums involving the aforementioned polynomials and numbers are also obtained.In addition,some remarks and observations on these polynomials are given.

Computer Modelling of Compact 28/38 GHz Dual-Band Antenna for Millimeter-Wave 5G Applications

A four-element compact dual-band patch antenna having a common ground plane operating at 28/38 GHz is proposed formillimeter-wave communication systems in this paper.Themultiple-input-multiple-output(MIMO)antenna geometry consists of a slotted ellipse enclosed within a hollow circle which is orthogonally rotated with a connected partial ground at the back.The overall size of the four elements MIMO antenna is 2.24λ×2.24λ(at 27.12GHz).The prototype of four-element MIMOresonator is designed and printed using Rogers RTDuroid 5880 withε_(r)=2.2 and loss tangent=0.0009 and having a thickness of 0.8 mm.It covers dual-band having a fractional bandwidth of 15.7%(27.12-31.34 GHz)and 4.2%(37.21-38.81 GHz)for millimeter-wave applications with a gain of more than 4 dBi at both bands.The proposed antenna analysis in terms ofMIMOdiversity parameters(Envelope Correlation Coefficient(ECC)and Diversity Gain(DG))is also carried out.The experimental result in terms of reflection coefficient,radiation pattern,gain and MIMOdiversity parameter correlates very well with the simulated ones that show the potential of the proposed design for MIMO applications at millimeter-wave frequencies.

Simulation of Variable Viscosity and Jeffrey Fluid Model for Blood Flow Through a Tapered Artery with a Stenosis

Non-Newtonian fluid model for blood flow through a tapered artery with a stenosis and variable viscosity by modeling blood as Jeffrey fluid has been studied in this paper.The Jeffrey fluid has two parameters,the relaxation time λ1 and retardation time λ2.The governing equations are simplified using the case of mild stenosis.Perturbation method is used to solve the resulting equations.The effects of non-Newtonian nature of blood on velocity profile,temperature profile,wall shear stress,shearing stress at the stenotsis throat and impedance of the artery are discussed.The results for Newtonian fluid are obtained as special case from this model.

等径角挤压7075铝合金的显微组织和织构演变（英文）

等径角挤压是一种有效的控制金属和合金显微组织和织构的技术。采用X射线衍射仪和取向成像显微镜评价通过90°模具反复等径角挤压7075铝合金的显微组织和织构。定性和定量分析结果表明,不同的路径会产生不同的织构类型。利用Labotex软件计算的织构表明,经第1道次等径角挤压后合金织构增强,而经第4道次挤压后合金织构减弱。显微组织研究表明,经过Bc和A路径等径角挤压4道次后,出现了平均尺寸分别为700 nm和1μm的细小晶粒,且大多数晶粒演化为大角度晶界排列。研究了铜管包覆对7075铝合金显微组织和织构的影响。

Classification of Short Time Series in Early Parkinson’s Disease With Deep Learning of Fuzzy Recurrence Plots

There are many techniques using sensors and wearable devices for detecting and monitoring patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD).A recent development is the utilization of human interaction with computer keyboards for analyzing and identifying motor signs in the early stages of the disease.Current designs for classification of time series of computer-key hold durations recorded from healthy control and PD subjects require the time series of length to be considerably long.With an attempt to avoid discomfort to participants in performing long physical tasks for data recording,this paper introduces the use of fuzzy recurrence plots of very short time series as input data for the machine training and classification with long short-term memory(LSTM)neural networks.Being an original approach that is able to both significantly increase the feature dimensions and provides the property of deterministic dynamical systems of very short time series for information processing carried out by an LSTM layer architecture,fuzzy recurrence plots provide promising results and outperform the direct input of the time series for the classification of healthy control and early PD subjects.

倾斜旋转盘对ZnO-SAE50纳米磁流体流动和传热的影响（英文）

考虑工业中外加磁场对倾斜旋转盘的影响,对氧化锌-SAE50纳米润滑剂的Darcy-Forchheimer混合对流进行了详细研究。研究中同时考虑了滑移流动、热辐射、黏性耗散、Joulian耗散和内部加热的影响,对当前研究进行了改进。考虑到纳米润滑剂热导率的增大,提出了一种新的微纳米对流模型,即Patel模型。该模型的特点是由于纳米粒子的布朗运动、基于动力学理论的微对流、液体分层和粒子聚集而引起的比表面积和纳米对流的变化。利用Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg方法,对适当变换的控制方程进行了数值求解。分析表明,外加磁场、介质的孔隙度、速度滑移和惯性系数减慢了ZnO-SAE50纳米润滑剂的径向和切向流动,从而导致速度和热边界层的改善。

Experimental Investigation on the Performance of Heat Pump Operating with Copper and Alumina Nanofluids

In the present study,an attempt ismade to enhance the performance of heat pump by utilizing two types of nanofluids namely,copper and alumina nanofluids.These nanofluids were employed around the evaporator coil of the heat pump.The nanofluids were used to enhance the heat input to the system by means of providing an external jacket around the evaporator coil.Both the nanofluids were prepared in three volume fractions 1%,2%and 5%.Water was chosen as the base fluid.The performance of the heat pump was assessed by calculating the coefficient of performance of the system when it was operated with and without nanofluid jacket.A significant enhancement in the coefficient of performance was noticed when copper and alumina nanofluids were employed in the system.Also,the coefficient of performance was found to have a direct relationship with the tested volume fractions.For the highest volume fraction of 5%,the performance of the heat pump was found to enhance by 23%with alumina nanofluid,while for copper nanofluid,a very significant enhancement in performance by 72%was observed.Thus,utilizing of nanofluids in heat pumps can be very beneficial towards performance enhancement and the idea can also be extended to other thermal systems such as steam power plant,automobile radiator,industrial heat exchangers and refrigeration systems.

Analytical Comparison of Resource Search Algorithms in Non-DHT Mobile Peer-to-Peer Networks

One of the key challenges in ad-hoc networks is the resource discovery problem.How efciently&quickly the queried resource/object can be resolved in such a highly dynamic self-evolving network is the underlying question?Broadcasting is a basic technique in the Mobile Ad-hoc Networks(MANETs),and it refers to sending a packet from one node to every other node within the transmission range.Flooding is a type of broadcast where the received packet is retransmitted once by every node.The naive ooding technique oods the network with query messages,while the random walk scheme operates by contacting subsets of each node’s neighbors at every step,thereby restricting the search space.Many earlier works have mainly focused on the simulation-based analysis of ooding technique,and its variants,in a wired network scenario.Although,there have been some empirical studies in peer-to-peer(P2P)networks,the analytical results are still lacking,especially in the context of mobile P2P networks.In this article,we mathematically model different widely used existing search techniques,and compare with the proposed improved random walk method,a simple lightweight approach suitable for the non-DHT architecture.We provide analytical expressions to measure the performance of the different ooding-based search techniques,and our proposed technique.We analytically derive 3 relevant key performance measures,i.e.,the avg.number of steps needed to nd a resource,the probability of locating a resource,and the avg.number of messages generated during the entire search process.

Mathematical Model Validation of Search Protocols in MP2P Networks

Broadcasting is a basic technique in Mobile ad-hoc network(MANET),and it refers to sending a packet from one node to every other node within the transmission range.Flooding is a type of broadcast where the received packet is retransmitted once by every node.The naive flooding technique,floods the network with query messages,while the random walk technique operates by contacting the subsets of every node’s neighbors at each step,thereby restricting the search space.One of the key challenges in an ad-hoc network is the resource or content discovery problem which is about locating the queried resource.Many earlier works have mainly focused on the simulation-based analysis of flooding,and its variants under a wired network.Although,there have been some empirical studies in peer-to-peer(P2P)networks,the analytical results are still lacking,especially in the context of P2P systems running over MANET.In this paper,we describe how P2P resource discovery protocols perform badly over MANETs.To address the limitations,we propose a new protocol named ABRW(Address Broadcast Random Walk),which is a lightweight search approach,designed considering the underlay topology aimed to better suit the unstructured architecture.We provide the mathematical model,measuring the performance of our proposed search scheme with different widely popular benchmarked search techniques.Further,we also derive three relevant search performance metrics,i.e.,mean no.of steps needed to find a resource,the probability of finding a resource,and the mean no.of message overhead.We validated the analytical expressions through simulations.The simulation results closely matched with our analyticalmodel,justifying our findings.Our proposed search algorithm under such highly dynamic self-evolving networks performed better,as it reduced the search latency,decreased the overall message overhead,and still equally had a good success rate.

Artificial Neural Networks for Prediction of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia

In this study,we have proposed an artificial neural network(ANN)model to estimate and forecast the number of confirmed and recovered cases of COVID-19 in the upcoming days until September 17,2020.The proposed model is based on the existing data(training data)published in the Saudi Arabia Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)situation—Demographics.The Prey-Predator algorithm is employed for the training.Multilayer perceptron neural network(MLPNN)is used in this study.To improve the performance of MLPNN,we determined the parameters of MLPNN using the prey-predator algorithm(PPA).The proposed model is called the MLPNN–PPA.The performance of the proposed model has been analyzed by the root mean squared error(RMSE)function,and correlation coefficient(R).Furthermore,we tested the proposed model using other existing data recorded in Saudi Arabia(testing data).It is demonstrated that the MLPNN-PPA model has the highest performance in predicting the number of infected and recovering in Saudi Arabia.The results reveal that the number of infected persons will increase in the coming days and become a minimum of 9789.The number of recoveries will be 2000 to 4000 per day.

纳米流体在顶部开孔底部加热的四方形容器内的三维自然对流（英文）

构建纳米流体在顶部开孔底部加热的四方形容器流动模型,基于有限体积法,进行了纳米流体三维自然对流的数值研究。得到的控制参数为纳米粒子浓度(φ)0~0.05、前后壁倾角(α)5°~75°、Rayleigh数10^3~10^5、加热器的换热器长度0.1~1。结果表明,倾角和纳米颗粒的体积分数影响流动结构,提高了传热效果。

Hydrodynamics and Sensitivity Analysis of a Williamson Fluid in Porous-Walled Wavy Channel

In this work,a steady,incompressible Williamson fluid model is investigated in a porous wavy channel.This situation arises in the reabsorption of useful substances from the glomerular filtrate in the kidney.After 80%reabsorption,urine is left,which behaves like a thinning fluid.The laws of conservation of mass and momentum are used to model the physical problem.The analytical solution of the problem in terms of stream function is obtained by a regular perturbation expansion method.The asymptotic integration method for small wave amplitudes and the RK-Fehlberg method for pressure distribution has been used inside the channel.It is demonstrated that the forward flow becomes fast in the narrow region(at x=0.75),which dominates the upward flow inside the channel.To study the impact of model parameters on outputs,we applied normalized local sensitivity analysis and noticed that the most influential parameter for the longitudinal velocity profile is the dimensionless wave amplitude.The reabsorption parameter is sensitive for transverse velocity in the narrow region,and the Weissenberg number has a strong effect on the pressure inside the channel.Further,the least sensitive parameters for the velocity components and pressure have been identified.

Application of Metaheuristic Algorithms for Optimizing Longitudinal Square Porous Fins

The objectives of this study involve the optimization of longitudinal porous fins of square cross-section using metaheuristic algorithms.A generalized nonlinear ordinary differential equation is derived using Darcy and Fourier’s laws in the energy balance around a control volume and is solved numerically using RFK 45 method.The temperature of the base surface is higher than the fin surface,and the fin tip is kept adiabatic or cooled by convection heat transfer.The other pertinent parameters include Rayleigh number(100≤Ra≤10^(4)),Darcy number,(10^(−4)≤Da≤10^(−2)),relative thermal conductivity ratio of solid phase to fluid(1000≤kr≤8000),Nusselt number(10≤Nu≤100),porosity(0.1≤φ≤0.9).The impacts of these parameters on the entropy generation rate are investigated and optimized using metaheuristic algorithms.In computer science,metaheuristic algorithms are one of the most widely used techniques for optimization problems.In this research,three metaheuristic algorithms,including the firefly algorithm(FFA),particle swarm algorithm(PSO),and hybrid algorithm(FFAPSO)are employed to examine the performance of square fins.It is demonstrated that FFA-PSO takes fewer iterations and less computational time to converge compared to other algorithms.

Second Law Analysis and Optimization of Elliptical Pin Fin Heat Sinks Using Firefly Algorithm

One of the most significant considerations in the design of a heat sink is thermal management due to increasing thermal flux and miniature in size.These heat sinks utilize plate or pin fins depending upon the required heat dissipation rate.They are designed to optimize overall performance.Elliptical pin fin heat sinks enhance heat transfer rates and reduce the pumping power.In this study,the Firefly Algorithm is implemented to optimize heat sinks with elliptical pin-fins.The pin-fins are arranged in an inline fashion.The nature-inspired metaheuristic algorithm performs powerfully and efficiently in solving numerical global optimization problems.Based on mass,energy,and entropy balance,three models are developed for thermal resistance,hydraulic resistance,and entropy generation rate in the heat sink.The major axis is used as the characteristic length,and the maximum velocity is used as the reference velocity.The entropy generation rate comprises the combined effect of thermal resistance and pressure drop.The total EGR is minimized by utilizing the firefly algorithm.The optimization model utilizes analytical/empirical correlations for the heat transfer coefficients and friction factors.It is shown that both thermal resistance and pressure drop can be simultaneously optimized using this algorithm.It is demonstrated that the performance of FFA is much better than PPA.

Computing Topological Invariants of Triangular Chandelier Lattice

A numerical parameter mathematically derived from the graph structure is a topological index.The topological index is the first actual choice in QSAR research and these indices are used to build the correlation model between the chemical structures of various chemicals compounds.Here,we investigate some old degree-based topological indices like Randic index,sum connectivity index,ABC index,GA index,1st and 2nd Zagreb indices,modified second Zagreb index,redefined version of 1st,2nd and 3rd Zagreb indices,hyper and augmented Zagreb indices,forgotten index and symmetric division degree index,and some new degree-based indices like SK index,SK1 index,SK2 index,and AG1 index of triangular chandelier-lattice(TCL).The results are generalized by using edge partition and closed formulas for topological indices of triangular chandelier-lattice are analysed.

均相和非均相反应和热辐射对Cu-水纳米流体在非均匀热源平板上磁流体力学的影响（英文）

考虑均相和非均相反应和热辐射效应,研究了非均匀热源对纳米流体在膨胀板上流动的影响。用Corcione关系式描述了纳米流体的动力黏度和有效热导率的关系。根据这个关系式得出,导热是由布朗运动进行的。通过相似变换减少了与纳米流体的能量、动量和浓度有关的控制方程,并进行数值求解。研究了内热源参数、纳米流体的体积分数、辐射参数、均相反应参数、磁场参数、非均相参数和Schmidt数等对热和流体流动的影响。最后,考虑研究中的有效参数,改进了Nusselt数的关系式。结果表明,随着非均相参数和均相反应参数的变大,浓度曲线变稀。结果表明,Nusselt数与内部热源参数之间存在反向关系。