Extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease, nitroxidative stress and dysbiosis: What is the link between them?

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,has a not yet completely defined aetiology and is characterized by a progressive chronic inflammation that involves nitroxidative stress and dysbiosis.Extraintestinal manifestations can occur and affect several organs,including the liver and bile ducts,joints,skin,eyes,and less frequently,the heart,brain,and kidneys,increasing the risk of morbidity and mortality.These repercussions may be associated with the activity or severity of IBD.The present review proposes to report and analyse the participation of dysbiosis and nitroxidative stress in the genesis of extraintestinal manifestations,aiming to contribute to a better understanding of the disease and to focus on the development of individualized preventive and therapeutic strategies.

Curcumin in inflammatory bowel diseases:Cellular targets and molecular mechanisms

Curcumin,a natural product,has exhibited promising effects in both animal models and clinical trials,interacting with a multitude of factors linked to Inflammatory Bowel Disease(IBD).These factors encompass cytokines,oxidative stress-associated enzymes,and modulation of the intestinal microbiota.Notably,curcumin has demonstrated therapeutic potential in animal models of colitis,wherein it exerts a negative regulatory influence on pivotal signaling pathways such as PI3/Akt,JAK/STAT,andβ-catenin.Moreover,it inhibits the expression of proinflammatory enzymes and co-stimulatory molecules(including RANKL,ICAM-1,CD205,CD256,TLR4,among others),while curbing immune cell chemotaxis,thereby attenuating the characteristic neutrophil infiltration observed in IBD.Another facet of curcumin’s action involves its modulation of the intestinal microbiota.Notably,the microbiota itself contributes to beneficial biotrans formations of curcumin,thereby enhancing its effectiveness in IBD treatment.On a clinical front,curcumin has demonstrated the ability to induce clinical and/or endoscopic remission without any reported toxic effects.Hence,curcumin warrants consideration as an adjunctive therapy in IBD management.Subsequent clinical investigations should concentrate on meticulously evaluating curcumin’s impact on these precise therapeutic targets.

Rapid acupuncture for musculoskeletal pain in the emergency room of the Hospital Servidor Publico Estadual, Brazil: A quasi-experimental study

Objective:To compare differences in self-reported musculoskeletal pain before and after receiving rapid acupuncture for pain at an outpatient emergency department.Methods:Exactly 102 patients presenting to the emergency room of the Hospital Servidor Publico Estadual in Sao Paulo,Brazil,participated in this before-and-after study.All participants had musculoskeletal pain and were treated with the technique proposed by Marques Filho.This emergency acupuncture involved inserting a needle at a point defined by traditional Chinese medicine and applying intense stimulation for 10 s;no more than two points were used on any individual patient.Pain was measured using a numerical visual scale before and immediately after the procedure.Results:Participants in this study were mostly women(78%),had a college degree(47%)and were below the age of 60(56%).The most common region of pain was the lower back(31%),and the most common type of pain was acute and exacerbated chronic pain.The meridians most commonly involved were the eight extra meridians(40%),and the points most often used for treatment were Houxi(SI3),Shenmai(BL62)and Zulinqi(GB41).Almost all participants reported a decrease in pain intensity,independent of sex,education level,pain site and pain type(acute/chronic;P<0.05).At the end of the session,only4%of the participants reported a desire for allopathic medication.Conclusion:This emergency acupuncture technique for analgesia appears to reduce musculoskeletal pain.Trial registration:Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials(http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/)with No.RBR-8 dmfjf.

Scaffold strategies combined withmesenchymal stem cells in vaginalconstruction: a review

Tissue engineering has provided new treatment alternatives for tissue reconstruction. Advances in the tissue engineeringfield have resulted in mechanical support and biological substitutes to restore, maintain or improve tissue/organs structuresand functions. The application of tissue engineering technology in the vaginal reconstruction treatment can not onlyprovide mechanical requirements, but also offer tissue repairing as an alternative to traditional approaches. In this review, wediscuss recent advances in cell-based therapy in combination with scaffolds strategies that can potentially be adopted forgynaecological transplantation.