Variation Characteristics of Mass Concentration of Inhalable Particles in Qingdao, China

The geographical condition of Qingdao, China is relatively special;the transport of various inland pollutants, the emissions of marine aerosol and local pollutants will have an impact on the changes of atmospheric aerosol concentration. By using the stability classification method, trajectory clustering analysis and the NOAA HYSPLIT model, the seasonal distribution characteristics of atmospheric inhalable particulate matter concentration in Qingdao, China and its relationship with meteorological conditions, mixed layer height, and the seasonal characteristics of Qingdao pollutant transport were analyzed. The results show that the variation trends of PM2.5 and PM10 were about the same, and there are obvious seasonal differences, which are high in winter and spring, and low in summer and autumn. The concentration of inhalable particulate matter has a negative correlation with temperature, wind speed and relative humidity. The concentration of inhalable particulate matter is distinct in different relative humidity ranges. When the wind speed is less than 3 - 4 m/s, there are more inhalable particles, while the mass concentration shows obvious reduction with the wind speed more than 4 m/s. There is a significant negative correlation between the mass concentration of pollutants and the daily maximum mixed layer height. The larger the concentration of pollutants, the smaller the thickness of the daily largest mixed layer. Conversely, the smaller the mass concentration of pollutants, the larger the thickness of the daily largest mixed layer. The pollutant transport in Qingdao has obvious seasonal characteristics. The air mass in spring, autumn and winter is mainly medium-long distance transport from Mongolia and southern Russia, and medium-short distance transport from Inner Mongolia and northeast of China. The source of air masses in summer is mainly transported from the eastern and sea areas.

Analysis of Meteorological Conditions for a Sea Fog Process in 2016

The visibility characteristics and meteorological conditions of a sea fog process on 27th February, 2016 are analyzed and the heavy fog process is simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model in this paper. The forecast results show that the visibility in Qingdao coastal area is light fog on the night of the 26th. In the WRF simulation, it can be observed from the sea-level pressure that the wind direction of Qingdao and the coastal area turned southerly with the eastward movement of the low pressure system on surface from 1200 UTC to 1800 UTC on the 26th. A large amount of water vapor brought by easterly and southerly wind provides sufficient water vapor conditions for the formation and development of the sea fog. At 975 hPa, there is a strong warm tongue over Shandong Peninsula at 0600 UTC on the 26th, while the offshore is affected by the cold tongue, where the horizontal temperature gradient is large and there is a strong baroclinicity. At 850 hPa, there is a weak warm ridge over Qingdao at 1200 UTC on the 26th, which means that it is an inversion layer, which is conducive to the maintenance of fog.

A Heavy Sea Fog Event over the Yellow Sea in March 2005: Analysis and Numerical Modeling

在这篇论文，在 2005 年 3 月 9 日发生在黄海上的一个波涛汹涌的海雾事件被调查。与在它的成熟阶段的几百公里的空间规模，海雾补丁在一些地点沿着山东半岛海岸把可见性归结为 100 m 或少得多。在岛和海岸的卫星图象，表面观察和 soundings，和从日本气象学机构(JMA ) 的分析被用来描述并且分析这个事件。分析显示这海雾能作为使雾凉下来的移流被分类。包括雾区域和它的运动的这海雾的主要特征被大气的研究 Mesoscale 模型(MM5 ) 的第五产生的宾夕法尼亚州的大学 / 公民中心相当复制。模型结果建议这个事件的形成和进化能是被构画出：(1 ) 低级空气的南方的温暖 / 潮湿的移流与大约 600 m 的厚度导致了强壮的 sea-surface-based 倒置；(2 ) 当倒置从更温暖的东方海搬到更冷的黄海时，当海雾响应由混合的骚乱冷却并且弄湿成长了时，热内部边界层(TIBL ) 逐渐地在倒置的底形成了；(3 ) 当 TIBL 向北方移动了，(4 ) 强壮的在北方的寒冷和干旱风破坏了 TIBL 并且驱散海雾，海雾发展了。这研究的主要调查结果是海雾响应相对坚持的南方的温暖 / 潮湿的风和冷海面形成，并且由风切变混合的那骚乱是为使海洋的层凉下来并且弄湿的主要机制。另外，敏感实验的学习显示确定的数字建模提供一答应在黄海而是它上的海雾的预言的途径可能是更有效的认为整体数字因为极端敏感，当模特儿为输入建模。