Analysis of the intestinal flora in patientswith primary liver cancer

Objective To investigate the differences in intestinal flora of patients with primary liver cancer and ofhealthy individuals and to investigate the effect of the differential flora on the development of liver cancer.Methods Overall, 67 patients with primary liver cancer who received systematic and complete treatmentbetween January 2019 and December 2020 at the Sixth People’s Hospital of Qingdao and had completeclinical data were enrolled in this study, and 26 individuals who were healthy on physical examination inthe same period were used as healthy controls. Macro genome and 16s ribosome Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid(rDNA) high-throughput sequencing were performed on the stool flora of the enrolled patients and controls,and the differences in the intestinal flora were analyzed using the LEfSe bioinformatics software.Results Compared with the control samples, all the tested patient samples showed statistically significantdifferences in the number of colonies of 5 bacterial phyla, 5 orders, 8 families, 11 genera, and 14 species(P < 0.05).Conclusion Compared with healthy people, patients with primary liver cancer have significant differencesin the intestinal flora composition. The alteration of the intestinal flora may be correlated with the occurrenceof primary liver cancer, and the intestinal flora may become a novel target for the prevention and treatmentof primary liver cancer.

Role of YES1 signaling in tumor therapy resistance

YES proto-oncogene 1(YES1)is an SRC family kinase(SFK)that plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation,adhesion,invasion,survival,and angiogenesis during tumorigenesis and tumor development.Reports suggest that YES1 amplification is associated with resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs and tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)in human malignancies.However,the mechanisms of drug resistance have not been fully elucidated.In this article,we review the literature on YES1 and discuss the implications of YES1 signaling for targeted therapy and chemotherapy resistance in malignancies.Moreover,recent advances in targeted therapy for YES1-amplified malignancies are summarized.Finally,we conclude that targeting YES1 may reverse drug resistance and serve as a valuable tumor treatment strategy.