Ritonavir sulfate is a protease inhibitor widely used in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In order to elucidate the inherent stability and sensitivity characteristics of ritonavir sulfate, it was i...Ritonavir sulfate is a protease inhibitor widely used in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In order to elucidate the inherent stability and sensitivity characteristics of ritonavir sulfate, it was investigated under forced thermal and hydration stress conditions as recommended by the Inter- national Conference on Harmonization guidelines. In addition, competency of vibrational （infrared and Raman） spectroscopy was assessed to identify structural changes of the drug symbolizing its stress degradation. High performance liquid chromatography was used as a confirmatory technique for both thermal and hydration stress study, while thermogravimetric analysis]differential thermal analysis and atomic force microscopy substantiated the implementation of vibrational spectroscopy in this frame- work. The results exhibited high thermal stability of the drug as significant variations were observed in the diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectra only after the drug exposure to thermal radiations at 100 ℃. Hydration behavior of ritonavir sulfate was evaluated using Raman spectroscopy and the value of critical relative humidity was found to be 〉 67%. An important aspect of this study was to utilize vibrational spectroscopic technique to address stability issues of pharmacological molecules, not only for their processing in pharmaceutical industry, but also for predicting their shelf lives and suitable storage conditions.展开更多
AIM:Aegle marmelos is a medicinal herb belonging to the Rutacae family.The fruit of A.marmelos at each stage of ripening is used as ethnomedicine to cure various diseases.The aim of the present study was to determine ...AIM:Aegle marmelos is a medicinal herb belonging to the Rutacae family.The fruit of A.marmelos at each stage of ripening is used as ethnomedicine to cure various diseases.The aim of the present study was to determine the components contributing to the medicinal value of the A.marmelos fruit at different stages of ripening.METHODS:High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to determine polyphenol,vitamins,organic acids and sugars in A.marmelos fruit at different stages of ripening.RESULTS:Tannin,a polyphenol responsible for astringent and antimicrobial properties of A.marmelos fruit was found to increase during ripening.Riboflavin,a vital medicinal component was detected in traceable amount only in full-ripe A.marmelos fruit.Ribofla-vin contributes towards body growth,reproduction and red cell production.The content of ascorbic acid(vitamin C)which is useful in preventing scurvy decreased significantly as fruit ripens.CONCLUSIONS:The difference in the medicinal effect of A.marmelos fruit at each stage of ripening might be due to the presence of different amount of polyphenol,vitamins and organic acids.展开更多
文摘Ritonavir sulfate is a protease inhibitor widely used in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In order to elucidate the inherent stability and sensitivity characteristics of ritonavir sulfate, it was investigated under forced thermal and hydration stress conditions as recommended by the Inter- national Conference on Harmonization guidelines. In addition, competency of vibrational （infrared and Raman） spectroscopy was assessed to identify structural changes of the drug symbolizing its stress degradation. High performance liquid chromatography was used as a confirmatory technique for both thermal and hydration stress study, while thermogravimetric analysis]differential thermal analysis and atomic force microscopy substantiated the implementation of vibrational spectroscopy in this frame- work. The results exhibited high thermal stability of the drug as significant variations were observed in the diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectra only after the drug exposure to thermal radiations at 100 ℃. Hydration behavior of ritonavir sulfate was evaluated using Raman spectroscopy and the value of critical relative humidity was found to be 〉 67%. An important aspect of this study was to utilize vibrational spectroscopic technique to address stability issues of pharmacological molecules, not only for their processing in pharmaceutical industry, but also for predicting their shelf lives and suitable storage conditions.
基金supported by Department of Biotechnology,India (No.BT/PR7221/MED/14/970/2006)
文摘AIM:Aegle marmelos is a medicinal herb belonging to the Rutacae family.The fruit of A.marmelos at each stage of ripening is used as ethnomedicine to cure various diseases.The aim of the present study was to determine the components contributing to the medicinal value of the A.marmelos fruit at different stages of ripening.METHODS:High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)was used to determine polyphenol,vitamins,organic acids and sugars in A.marmelos fruit at different stages of ripening.RESULTS:Tannin,a polyphenol responsible for astringent and antimicrobial properties of A.marmelos fruit was found to increase during ripening.Riboflavin,a vital medicinal component was detected in traceable amount only in full-ripe A.marmelos fruit.Ribofla-vin contributes towards body growth,reproduction and red cell production.The content of ascorbic acid(vitamin C)which is useful in preventing scurvy decreased significantly as fruit ripens.CONCLUSIONS:The difference in the medicinal effect of A.marmelos fruit at each stage of ripening might be due to the presence of different amount of polyphenol,vitamins and organic acids.
